Microformats Wiki - User contributions [en]

irc-people

2008-03-26T03:05:09Z

JeremyBoggs:

A list of [[irc|IRC]] regulars, sorted by nick, and their normal timezones (winter/summer).

* {{irc user|Amodal1| amodal1|-0500/-0600}}
* {{irc user|Adam Ballai|AdamBallai|-700/-700}}
* {{irc user|Adam Craven|AdamCraven|+0000}}
* {{irc user|Alexander Graf|AlexanderGraf|+0100}}
* {{irc user|Tomasino|aloneone|-0500}}
* {{irc user|AmanuelTewolde|Amanuel|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|Amette|amette|+1000}}
* {{irc user|Amir Guindehi|AmirGuindehi|+1000}}
* {{irc user|Ajaswa|Andrew Jaswa|-0500}}
* {{irc user|AndrewDisley|AndrewDisley|+0000}}
* {{irc user|AnselHalliburton|anselxyz|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|Ashe Dryden|Ashe|-600}}
* {{irc user|Ashley|Ashley|+1000}}
* {{irc user|Azathoth|Florian Beer|+1000}}
* {{irc user|Tyler Roehmholdt|Baristo|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|BenjaminCarlyle|BenjaminCarlyle|+1000}}
* {{irc user|HenriBergius|bergie|+0200/+0300}}
* {{irc user|Ben Ward|BenWard|+0000}}
* {{irc user|BenWest|bewest|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|B.K._DeLong|bkdelong|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|Robert|blueace|+0100}}
* {{irc user|BluesMoon|bluesmoon|+0530}}
* {{irc user|BobChao|BobChao|+0800}}
* {{irc user|Bob Jonkman|BobJonkman|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|Boneill|boneill|+0000}}
* {{irc user|Brian|briansuda|+0000}}
* {{irc user|TimT|bringo|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|Briski|Briski|+0000}}
* {{irc user|BryanL|BryanL|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|BryanRieger|Bryan Rieger|+0000}}
* {{irc user|Bug-E|Bug-E|+0200}}
* {{irc user|CarlaHufstedler|carlamagpie|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|Colin_Barrett|cbarrett|-1000}}
* {{irc user|ColinDDevroe|cdevroe|-0500/-0600}}
* {{irc user|Cgriego|cgriego|-0600/-0500}}
* {{irc user|Charlvn|Charl|+0200/+0200}}
* {{irc user|CharlesRoper|charles_r|0000/+0100}}
* {{irc user|ChristopherStJohn|cks|-0600/-0500}}
* {{irc user|JeremyBoggs|clioweb|-5000/-4000}}
* {{irc user|Cloud|Cloud|+0000}}
* {{irc user|Cruster|cruster|+0200}}
* {{irc user|Csarven|csarven|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|ChrisBrentano|ctb|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|DanC|DanC|-0600/-0500}}
* {{irc user|DanielBurka|DanielBurka|-0400}}
* {{irc user|DanielJohnLewis|danieljohnlewis|0000}}
* {{irc user|DannyAyers|danja|+0100/+0200}}
* {{irc user|Dave Cardwell|davecardwell|+0000}}
* {{irc user|DavidMead|DavidMead|-0400}}
* {{irc user|DavidRussell|davidrussell|-0600/-0500}}
* {{irc user|DBounds|Darren Bounds|-0500
* {{irc user|DenisDefreyne|ddfreyne|+0100/+0200}}
* {{irc user|DeanEro|deanero|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|DeepText|Deep Text|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|DerrickPallas|DerrickPallas|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|DimitriGlazkov|dglazkov|-0600/-0500}}
* {{irc user|DiegoBudny|DiegoBudny|<small>-unspecified-</small>}}
* {{irc user|DKerzman|DKerzman|-0600}}
* {{irc user|Dan Kubb|dkubb|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|DrErnie|DrErnie|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|DrewMcLellan|drewinthehead|+0000/+0100}}
* {{irc user|DrewBell|droob|-0600/-0500}}
* {{irc user|DimitriosZachariadis|dzach|+0200/+0300}}
* {{irc user|DydimusTK|dydimustk|-0600}}
* {{irc user|Ed Summers|edsu|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|Enric|Enric|-0800/-0700}} (alt sp "enric")
* {{irc user|Evan|evanpro|-0500}}
* {{irc user|Evan|e_s_p|-0500}}
* {{irc user|EdwardWelker|ewelker|-0500}}
* {{irc user|ChrisMessina|factoryjoe|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|Fil|Fil|+0200}}
* {{irc user|CFinke|Finke|-0700/-0600}}
* {{irc user|MarkoMrdjenovic|friedcell|+0100/+0200}}
* {{irc user|GarethR|garethr|+0000/+0100}}
* {{irc user|Grantbow|Grantbow|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|Griffin|Griffin|-0600/-0500}}
* {{irc user|Guillaume Lebleu|glebleu|-0800}}
* {{irc user|Aubergine10|Guy Fraser|+0100/+0000}}
* {{irc user|HenrichPoehls|HenrichP|+0100}}
* {{irc user|IanHickson|Hixie|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|Hlb|hlb|+0800-0700}}
* {{irc user|EdwardOConnor|hober|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|Ichigo|ichigo|+1000}}
* {{irc user|Alper|illustir|+0100}}
* {{irc user|Inkbase|inkbase|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|IwaiMasaharu|iwaim|+0900}}
* {{irc user|Izo|IZO|<small>-unspecified-</small>}}
* {{irc user|JamieKnight|JamieKnight|+1000/0000}}
* {{irc user|JoeGregorio|jcgregorio|<small>-unspecified-</small>}}
* {{irc user|WizardIsHungry|jcw9|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|Adactio|Jeremy Keith|+0000}}
* {{irc user|jrodgers|JesseRodgers|-0500}}
* {{irc user|JasonK|jkridner|-0600/-0500}}
* {{irc user|JeffMcNeill|jeffmcneill|-1000}}
* {{irc user|JimboJW|jimbojw|-0600/-0500}}
* {{irc user|Jonathan_Arkell|jonnay|-0700/0600}}
* {{irc user|JosephHolsten|josephholsten|-0600/-0500}}
* {{irc user|JulianStahnke|julianstahnke|+0000}}
* {{irc user|Kapowaz|kapowaz|+0000/+0100}}
* {{irc user|Keri Henare|kerihenare|+1200}}
* [http://epeus.blogspot.com/ KevinMarks] (-0800/-0700)
* {{irc user|RyanKing|kingryan|-0800/-0700}}
** [http://theryanking.com/blog/archives/2006/04/19/office-hours/ Office hours]: Wednesday, 21:00 UTC
* {{irc user|Lachlan Hunt|Lachy|+1000/+1100}}
* {{irc user|Levitation|levitation[A]|+0200/+0300}}
* {{irc user|Linmic|linmic|+0800-0700}}
* {{irc user|MarkNg|madness|+0000/+0100}}
* {{irc user|Mark Mansour|Mark Mansour|+1100}}
* {{irc user|MarkNormanFrancis|Mark Norman Francis|+0000/+0100}}
* {{irc user|MattBowen|Matt Bowen|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|MattisManzel|Mattis Manzel|+0100/+0200}}
* {{irc user|CiaranMc|McNulty|+0000/+0100}}
* <span class="vcard"><span class="fn org">[[mfbot]]</span> - a bot which logs all edits to this wiki. It appends a number with a '+' or '-' sign, to indicate the number of characters added or removed as a result of the edit.</span>
* {{irc user|Mike|Michael McCracken(mmc)|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|MikeKaply|mkaply|-0600/-0500}}
* {{irc user|SteveIvy|monkinetic/redmonk|-0700}}
* {{irc user|MWTE|mwte|+0000/+0100}}
* {{irc user|RobManson|nambor|+1000}}
* {{irc user|Nelix|nelix|+1000}}
* {{irc user|neuro|neuro|<small>-unspecified-</small>}}
* {{irc user|Niekie|niekie|+0100/+0200}}
* {{irc user|NTollervey|ntoll|+0000/+0100}}
* {{irc user|Andy Pemberton|pembertona|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|Phae|Phae|+0000/+0100}}
* {{irc user|pius|Pius Uzamere|+0500}}
* {{irc user|PriitLaes|plaes|+0200/+0300}}
* {{irc user|ChrisCasciano|pnhChris|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|PetarPopov|popov|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|DavidOsolkowski|qid|-0500}}
* {{irc user|RCanine|RCanine|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|Remi|Remi|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|ZachCarter|riah|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|RobertBachmann|RobertBachmann|+0100/+0200}}
** Office hours: <s>Wednesday, 18:00-20:00 UTC</s> (Currently no office hours}}
* {{irc user|Ronnos|Ron Kok|+0000}}
* {{irc user|SarahWorsham|sazbean|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|ScottNelle|snelle|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|ScottRozic|gravitas|-0500/+0100}}
* {{irc user|Dana Benson|Snowden|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|Smackman|Steve Farrell|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|SpikeUK|SpikeUK|+0000/+0100}}
* {{irc user|Steve Ganz|SteveGanz|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|Stii|Stii|+0200 GMT}}
* {{irc user|ReinierZ|surial|+0100 GMT}}
* {{irc user|SuperPhly|SuperPhly|-600/-500}}
* {{irc user|SyedSRahman|syedsrahman|+0530}}
* <span class="vcard"><span class="fn">sym[[User:LynX|lynX]]</span> or (better) [[User:LynX|lynX]] on [http://about.psyc.eu PSYC] (+0100}}
* {{irc user|DavidLehn|taaz|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|Tantek|Tantek|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|Wojciech|theanxy|+0100/+0200}}
* {{irc user|TobyInk|tobyink|+0000/+0100}}
* {{irc user|Trovster|trovster|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|Vadania|vadania|-0600/-0700}}
* {{irc user|Vant|vant|+0900}}
* {{irc user|Victor|victor|+0100/+0200}}
* {{irc user|V-I-P|V-I-P|+0100/+0200}}
* {{irc user|KrissWatt|VoodooChild|+0000/+0100}}
* {{irc user|WebOrganics|weborganics|+0100}}
* {{irc user|JacksonWilkinson|whafro|-0500/-0400}}
* {{irc user|Richard Conyard|WhiskeyM|+0000}}
* {{irc user|Veeliam|William Lawrence|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|StevenWoods|woodss|+0000 GMT}}
* {{irc user|Ianloic|yakk|-0800/-0700}}
* {{irc user|LarsStrojny|mastaYoda|+0100}}
* {{irc user|ZimbaTm|zimbatm|+0100}}
* {{irc user|FoundAtion|Foundation|-0800}}
* {{irc user|PJKix|pjkix|-0800/-700}}

history-examples

2008-03-22T19:08:16Z

JeremyBoggs: /* HTML-based Timelines */

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

History seeks to show and explain change over time. With that in mind, how should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

In particular, [[hcalendar|hCalendar]], which can otherwise be used for marking up historic events, lacks the capability to record vague dates and eras such as "circa 1950", "17th century" "Jurassic period" , "middle ages", "late November" and so on.

Likewise, [[hcard|hCard]] does not yet have facilities for "flourished" (often used in biographies of historical figures whose birth-date is not known) and "baptised" (used in genealogy); but [[vcard-suggestions#Alternative_dates|these have been proposed]]

== Participants ==

* [http://clioweb.org Jeremy Boggs]
* [[User:AndyMabbett|Andy Mabbett]]

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

*[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

*[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

*[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

*[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

*[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====

* [http://meyerweb.com/eric/browsers/timeline-structured.html Browser History Timeline] - Eric Meyer uses a table to show the history of browser version releases comparatively.

* [http://www.gyford.com/phil/timeline/ Phil Gyford's CV as a timeline]

*[http://library.wustl.edu/vlib/dredscott/chronology.html Dred Scott Case Collection - Chronology]

*[http://factoryjoe.com/stream/ Chris Messina's lifestream, marked up with hCalendar]

*[http://vidastream.net/u/aconbere/ VidaStream (aconbere's lifestream)]

*[http://www.chrisglass.com/timeline/ Chris Glass through the years]

*[http://www.maidofheaven.com/joanofarc_timeline_history.asp Timeline of Joan of Arc's life]

*[http://www.thocp.net/companies/microsoft/microsoft_company.htm Microsoft's Timeline from 1975-1990]

*[http://www.footnote.com/topicpage.php?tp=2 HMS Titanic Timeline] Member-created timeline at [http://footnote.com Footnote].

*[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

*[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

*[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

*[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

*[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

*[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

*[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

*[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

*[http://tfaces.narod.ru/ Type Timeline (in Russian)]

*[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/chrono.htm West Midland Bird Club history]
** As of 2008-01-16, marked up with [[hcalendar|hCalendar]] microformats. [[User:AndyMabbett|Andy Mabbett]] 14:49, 16 Jan 2008 (PST)
**Also: [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/older.htm List of Older Bird Clubs]

*[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/exhibits/online_exhibits/dressed_to_the_nines/timeline.htm History of the Baseball Uniform Timeline] from the National Baseball Hall of Fame

*[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=history-examples&action=history The History section of the History-Examples wiki page] Seems that the history sections of this wiki are essentially timelines, with historical information, showing change over time.

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

Image and flash-based timelines are included to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

*[http://www.fasttrackteaching.com/timeline2.html Timeline: Colonial America 1600-1775]

*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

*[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

*[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== Historical Maps ===

==== Tools ====

*[http://ecai.org/tech/TimeMap.html TimeMap]

*[http://gutenkarte.org/ Gutenkarte] - Allows you to map geographic locations in texts

*[http://labs.metacarta.com/rectifier/ Metacarta Map Rectifier] - Allows you to place and rectify maps over a base map. Uses Google Maps (I think). Lots of examples of historical maps layered over modern maps for comparison.

==== Map Sites ====

*[http://www.socialexplorer.com/pub/maps/home.aspx Social Explorer Maps] maps historical census data on New York and Los Angeles.

*[http://www.brown.edu/Research/AAAH/map.htm Animated Atlas of African History, 1889-2002] Uses Flash.

*[http://www.davidrumsey.com/index.html David Rumsey Historical Map Collection]

*[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/features/londoninmaps/exhibition.html London: A Life in Maps] uses GoogleMaps and historical data to explore the history of London.

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
*[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

*[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

*[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

*[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

*[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

*[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

*[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

*[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

*[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

*[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

*[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

*[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

*[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

*[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

*[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

*[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

*[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums and Exhibits ====

*[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

*[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

*[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

*[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

*[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

*[http://www.designmuseum.org/digital/a-century-of-chairs A Century of Chairs] From the Design Museum.

*[http://www.mcny.org/ Museum of the City of New York]

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

*[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

*[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

*[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

*[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People, Biographies, and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

*[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

*[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

*[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

*[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

*[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

*[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

The following timelines provide a comparative list of the timeframes in which select political leaders around the world were in power:

*[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin1.htm 20th Century - First Quarter]

*[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin2.htm 20th Century - Second Quarter]

*[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin3.htm 20th Century - Third Quarter]

*[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin4.htm 20th Century - Fourth Quarter]

==== Places ====

==Searching==
*[http://www.timesearch.info/ Time search] time-based search engine (requires Javascript)

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==
{{history-related-pages}}
* [[lifestream]]

history-examples

2007-04-01T13:54:40Z

JeremyBoggs: /* HTML-based Timelines */

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

History seeks to show and explain change over time. With that in mind, how should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

== Participants ==

* [http://clioweb.org Jeremy Boggs]
* [[User:AndyMabbett|Andy Mabbett]]

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

*[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

*[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

*[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

*[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

*[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====
* [http://www.gyford.com/phil/timeline/ Phil Gyford's CV as a timeline]

*[http://library.wustl.edu/vlib/dredscott/chronology.html Dred Scott Case Collection - Chronology]

*[http://factoryjoe.com/stream/ Chris Messina's lifestream, marked up with hCalendar]

*[http://vidastream.net/u/aconbere/ VidaStream (aconbere's lifestream)]

*[http://www.chrisglass.com/timeline/ Chris Glass through the years]

*[http://www.thocp.net/companies/microsoft/microsoft_company.htm Microsoft's Timeline from 1975-1990]

*[http://www.footnote.com/topicpage.php?tp=2 HMS Titanic Timeline] Member-created timeline at [http://footnote.com Footnote].

*[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

*[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

*[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

*[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

*[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

*[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

*[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

*[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

*[http://tfaces.narod.ru/ Type Timeline (in Russian)]

*[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/chrono.htm West Midland Bird Club history]

*[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/exhibits/online_exhibits/dressed_to_the_nines/timeline.htm History of the Baseball Uniform Timeline] from the National Baseball Hall of Fame

*[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=history-examples&action=history The History section of the History-Examples wiki page] Seems that the history sections of this wiki are essentially timelines, with historical information, showing change over time.

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

Image and flash-based timelines are included to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

*[http://www.fasttrackteaching.com/timeline2.html Timeline: Colonial America 1600-1775]

*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

*[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

*[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== Historical Maps ===

==== Tools ====

*[http://ecai.org/tech/TimeMap.html TimeMap]

*[http://gutenkarte.org/ Gutenkarte] - Allows you to map geographic locations in texts

*[http://labs.metacarta.com/rectifier/ Metacarta Map Rectifier] - Allows you to place and rectify maps over a base map. Uses Google Maps (I think). Lots of examples of historical maps layered over modern maps for comparison.

==== Map Sites ====

*[http://www.socialexplorer.com/pub/maps/home.aspx Social Explorer Maps] maps historical census data on New York and Los Angeles.

*[http://www.brown.edu/Research/AAAH/map.htm Animated Atlas of African History, 1889-2002] Uses Flash.

*[http://www.davidrumsey.com/index.html David Rumsey Historical Map Collection]

*[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/features/londoninmaps/exhibition.html London: A Life in Maps] uses GoogleMaps and historical data to explore the history of London.

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
*[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

*[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

*[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

*[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

*[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

*[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

*[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

*[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

*[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

*[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

*[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

*[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

*[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

*[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

*[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

*[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

*[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums and Exhibits ====

*[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

*[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

*[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

*[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

*[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

*[http://www.designmuseum.org/digital/a-century-of-chairs A Century of Chairs] From the Design Museum.

*[http://www.mcny.org/ Museum of the City of New York]

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

*[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

*[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

*[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

*[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People, Biographies, and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

*[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

*[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

*[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

*[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

*[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

*[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

The following timelines provide a comparative list of the timeframes in which select political leaders around the world were in power:

*[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin1.htm 20th Century - First Quarter]

*[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin2.htm 20th Century - Second Quarter]

*[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin3.htm 20th Century - Third Quarter]

*[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin4.htm 20th Century - Fourth Quarter]

==== Places ====

==Searching==
*[http://www.timesearch.info/ Time search] time-based search engine (requires Javascript)

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==

footnotes-examples

2007-03-14T17:31:09Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Essays/Tutorials */

= Footnotes Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of footnotes and endnotes published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

How should footnotes and endnotes be marked up?

== Participants ==

*[[User:JeremyBoggs|Jeremy Boggs]]
*[[User:AndyMabbett|Andy Mabbett]]

== Real-World Examples ==

=== Weblogs ===

*[http://daringfireball.net/2007/03/blank_slate "Blank Slate" on Daring Fireball] uses an ordered list for endnotes, and uses the ID attribute in a list item to link to a specific endnote. Also in the ID attribute is the date of publication, to differentiate footnotes if more than one publication (in this case blog posts) occur on a page.

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="footnotes">

<hr />

<ol>

...

<li id="fn2-2007-03-04">
<p>It took me six weeks to choose the exact shade of Daring Fireball’s
background color, <code>#4a525a</code>. 
<a href="#fnr2-2007-03-04" class="footnoteBackLink" title="Jump back to footnote 2 in the text.">↩</a>
</p>
</li>

...

</ol>

</div>
</nowiki></pre>

=== Essays/Tutorials ===

* Dan Cohen's [http://chnm.gmu.edu/resources/essays/d/39 "The Future of Preserving the Past"] uses the following markup for the initial reference in the main text, and the content for the footnote:

<pre><nowiki>
<sup><a href="#_edn4" name="_ednref4" class="enref" id="_ednref4">4</a></sup>
</nowiki>
</pre>

<pre><nowiki>
<p>
<sup><a href="#_ednref4" name="_edn4" class="enref" id="_edn4">4</a></sup>National
Institute of Standards and Technology, “Documentary Information Received by NIST,”
<a href="http://wtc.nist.gov/media/docs_info_received.htm">
http://wtc.nist.gov/media/docs_info_received.htm
</a>, accessed May 11, 2005.
</p>
</nowiki></pre>

* In [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/index.htm "Scholarship on the Web: Managing Endnotes], Paula Petrik's [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/cssbasic.htm basic CSS example] uses the following markup for the footnote content:

<pre><nowiki>
<div id="footnotes">

...

<p><a href="#fn2ref" class="note">2</a><a name="fn2text" id="fn2text"></a>
E. Landells, <em>The Boys’ Own Toymaker: A Practical Illustrated Guide
to the Useful Employment of Leisure Hours</em> (London: Griffith and Farran,
1860), vii.</p>

...

</div>
</nowiki></pre>
* [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/csssuper.htm Scholarship on the Web Superscripted Example] add the <sup> element to superscript the note numbers.
<pre><nowiki>
<div id="footnotes">
...

<p><sup><a href="#fn3ref" class="note">3</a></sup><a name="fn3text" id="fn3text"></a>
Paula Petrik, “The Paraphernalia of Childhood: Advice on Toys” from
“Playthings for the Republic’s Children: American Culture, Toys, and the
Business of Play,” unpublished manuscript.</p>

...

</div>
</nowiki></pre>
* [http://www.brandspankingnew.net/archive/2005/07/format_footnote.html Formatting Footnotes with JavaScript and CSS] is a technique by Timothy Groves that displays footnotes inline with text, then hides/displays the note content with JavasCript. Groves uses the following markup structure:
**This technique is problematic from a microformats perspective for several reasons: numbers are not used, each note does not have a unique ID, and its difficult or impossible to tell the difference between an annotation and the rest of the text without JavaScript and/or CSS.--[[User:JeremyBoggs|JeremyBoggs]] 08:46, 14 Mar 2007 (PDT)

<pre><nowiki>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...<span class="footnote">This is a footnote.</span>...</p>
</nowiki></pre>

===Other===
* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/blithfield/plants20060815.htm West Midland Bird Club - Blithfield Reservoir: Survey of Flowering Plants]
*Wikipedia
**[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes Guidance on footnotes, for Wikipedia editors]
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Floyd Wikipedia - Pink Floyd]
***Note bad accessibility practice of having same text linking to different targets, without even having differentiating title attributes.
***Is this the common practice for articles on Wikipedia?--[[User:JeremyBoggs|JeremyBoggs]] 13:43, 11 Mar 2007 (PDT)
****See above.
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnotex/interleavenotes.htm Interleave Notes Example]
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnotemodel/sidenotes.htm Side Notes Example]

== Existing Practices ==

=== Common Patterns Discovered ===

* Use of "footnotes" as a class or ID attribute value for differentiating footnote content from the body of the publication.

=== Publications that discuss footnoting/endnoting on the web===

* [http://daringfireball.net/2005/07/footnotes "About the Footnotes,"]''Daring Fireball'' by John Gruber
* [http://blog.fawny.org/2005/07/24/footnote/ "There is No Such Thing as a Footnote,"] ''Fawny'' by Joe Clark
* [http://daringfireball.net/2005/08/notes_on_notes "Notes on Notes,"] ''Daring Fireball'' by John Gruber
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnoteprint.htm "Macro-Typography of Footnotes,"] by Jean-Baptiste Piggin.
* [http://archiva.net/footnote/ Scholarship on the Web: Managing Footnotes & Presenting Footnotes & Endnotes] by Paula Petrik

== See Also ==

footnotes-examples

2007-03-14T15:46:31Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Essays/Tutorials */

= Footnotes Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of footnotes and endnotes published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

How should footnotes and endnotes be marked up?

== Participants ==

*[[User:JeremyBoggs|Jeremy Boggs]]
*[[User:AndyMabbett|Andy Mabbett]]

== Real-World Examples ==

=== Weblogs ===

*[http://daringfireball.net/2007/03/blank_slate "Blank Slate" on Daring Fireball] uses an ordered list for endnotes, and uses the ID attribute in a list item to link to a specific endnote. Also in the ID attribute is the date of publication, to differentiate footnotes if more than one publication (in this case blog posts) occur on a page.

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="footnotes">

<hr />

<ol>

...

<li id="fn2-2007-03-04">
<p>It took me six weeks to choose the exact shade of Daring Fireball’s
background color, <code>#4a525a</code>. 
<a href="#fnr2-2007-03-04" class="footnoteBackLink" title="Jump back to footnote 2 in the text.">↩</a>
</p>
</li>

...

</ol>

</div>
</nowiki></pre>

=== Essays/Tutorials ===

* In [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/index.htm "Scholarship on the Web: Managing Endnotes], Paula Petrik's [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/cssbasic.htm basic CSS example] uses the following markup for the footnote content:

<pre><nowiki>
<div id="footnotes">

...

<p><a href="#fn2ref" class="note">2</a><a name="fn2text" id="fn2text"></a>
E. Landells, <em>The Boys’ Own Toymaker: A Practical Illustrated Guide
to the Useful Employment of Leisure Hours</em> (London: Griffith and Farran,
1860), vii.</p>

...

</div>
</nowiki></pre>
* [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/csssuper.htm Scholarship on the Web Superscripted Example] add the <sup> element to superscript the note numbers.
<pre><nowiki>
<div id="footnotes">
...

<p><sup><a href="#fn3ref" class="note">3</a></sup><a name="fn3text" id="fn3text"></a>
Paula Petrik, “The Paraphernalia of Childhood: Advice on Toys” from
“Playthings for the Republic’s Children: American Culture, Toys, and the
Business of Play,” unpublished manuscript.</p>

...

</div>
</nowiki></pre>
* [http://www.brandspankingnew.net/archive/2005/07/format_footnote.html Formatting Footnotes with JavaScript and CSS] is a technique by Timothy Groves that displays footnotes inline with text, then hides/displays the note content with JavasCript. Groves uses the following markup structure:
**This technique is problematic from a microformats perspective for several reasons: numbers are not used, each note does not have a unique ID, and its difficult or impossible to tell the difference between an annotation and the rest of the text without JavaScript and/or CSS.--[[User:JeremyBoggs|JeremyBoggs]] 08:46, 14 Mar 2007 (PDT)

<pre><nowiki>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...<span class="footnote">This is a footnote.</span>...</p>
</nowiki></pre>

===Other===
* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/blithfield/plants20060815.htm West Midland Bird Club - Blithfield Reservoir: Survey of Flowering Plants]
*Wikipedia
**[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Footnotes Guidance on footnotes, for Wikipedia editors]
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Floyd Wikipedia - Pink Floyd]
***Note bad accessibility practice of having same text linking to different targets, without even having differentiating title attributes.
***Is this the common practice for articles on Wikipedia?--[[User:JeremyBoggs|JeremyBoggs]] 13:43, 11 Mar 2007 (PDT)
****See above.
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnotex/interleavenotes.htm Interleave Notes Example]
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnotemodel/sidenotes.htm Side Notes Example]

== Existing Practices ==

=== Common Patterns Discovered ===

* Use of "footnotes" as a class or ID attribute value for differentiating footnote content from the body of the publication.

=== Publications that discuss footnoting/endnoting on the web===

* [http://daringfireball.net/2005/07/footnotes "About the Footnotes,"]''Daring Fireball'' by John Gruber
* [http://blog.fawny.org/2005/07/24/footnote/ "There is No Such Thing as a Footnote,"] ''Fawny'' by Joe Clark
* [http://daringfireball.net/2005/08/notes_on_notes "Notes on Notes,"] ''Daring Fireball'' by John Gruber
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnoteprint.htm "Macro-Typography of Footnotes,"] by Jean-Baptiste Piggin.
* [http://archiva.net/footnote/ Scholarship on the Web: Managing Footnotes & Presenting Footnotes & Endnotes] by Paula Petrik

== See Also ==

footnotes-examples

2007-03-12T19:05:54Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Weblogs */

= Footnotes Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of footnotes and endnotes published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

How should footnotes and endnotes be marked up?

== Participants ==

*[[User:JeremyBoggs|Jeremy Boggs]]
*[[User:AndyMabbett|Andy Mabbett]]

== Real-World Examples ==

=== Weblogs ===

*[http://daringfireball.net/2007/03/blank_slate "Blank Slate" on Daring Fireball] uses an ordered list for endnotes, and uses the ID attribute in a list item to link to a specific endnote. Also in the ID attribute is the date of publication, to differentiate footnotes if more than one publication (in this case blog posts) occur on a page.

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="footnotes">

<hr />

<ol>

...

<li id="fn2-2007-03-04">
<p>It took me six weeks to choose the exact shade of Daring Fireball’s
background color, <code>#4a525a</code>. 
<a href="#fnr2-2007-03-04" class="footnoteBackLink" title="Jump back to footnote 2 in the text.">↩</a>
</p>
</li>

...

</ol>

</div>
</nowiki></pre>

=== Essays/Tutorials ===

* In [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/index.htm "Scholarship on the Web: Managing Endnotes], Paula Petrik's [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/cssbasic.htm basic CSS example] uses the following markup for the footnote content:

<pre><nowiki>
<div id="footnotes">

...

<p><a href="#fn2ref" class="note">2</a><a name="fn2text" id="fn2text"></a>
E. Landells, <em>The Boys’ Own Toymaker: A Practical Illustrated Guide
to the Useful Employment of Leisure Hours</em> (London: Griffith and Farran,
1860), vii.</p>

...

</div>
</nowiki></pre>
* [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/csssuper.htm Scholarship on the Web Superscripted Example] add the <sup> element to superscript the note numbers.
<pre><nowiki>
<div id="footnotes">
...

<p><sup><a href="#fn3ref" class="note">3</a></sup><a name="fn3text" id="fn3text"></a>
Paula Petrik, “The Paraphernalia of Childhood: Advice on Toys” from
“Playthings for the Republic’s Children: American Culture, Toys, and the
Business of Play,” unpublished manuscript.</p>

...

</div>
</nowiki></pre>
* [http://www.brandspankingnew.net/archive/2005/07/format_footnote.html Formatting Footnotes with JavaScript and CSS] is a technique by Timothy Groves that displays footnotes inline with text, then hides/displays the note content with JavasCript. Groves uses the following markup structure:
**This technique is problematic from a microformats perspective for several reasons: numbers are not used, each note does not have a unique ID, and its difficult or impossible to tell the difference between an annotation and the rest of the text without JavaScript and/or CSS. ([[User:JeremyBoggs|Jeremy Boggs]])

<pre><nowiki>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...<span class="footnote">This is a footnote.</span>...</p>
</nowiki></pre>

* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/blithfield/plants20060815.htm West Midland Bird Club - Blithfield Reservoir: Survey of Flowering Plants]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Floyd Wikipedia - Pink Floyd]
**Note bad accessibility practice of having same text linking to different targets, without even having differentiating title attributes.
**Is this the common practice for articles on Wikipedia?--[[User:JeremyBoggs|JeremyBoggs]] 13:43, 11 Mar 2007 (PDT)
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnotex/interleavenotes.htm Interleave Notes Example]
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnotemodel/sidenotes.htm Side Notes Example]

== Existing Practices ==

=== Common Patterns Discovered ===

* Use of "footnotes" as a class or ID attribute value for differentiating footnote content from the body of the publication.

=== Publications that discuss footnoting/endnoting on the web===

* [http://daringfireball.net/2005/07/footnotes "About the Footnotes,"]''Daring Fireball'' by John Gruber
* [http://blog.fawny.org/2005/07/24/footnote/ "There is No Such Thing as a Footnote,"] ''Fawny'' by Joe Clark
* [http://daringfireball.net/2005/08/notes_on_notes "Notes on Notes,"] ''Daring Fireball'' by John Gruber
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnoteprint.htm "Macro-Typography of Footnotes,"] by Jean-Baptiste Piggin.
* [http://archiva.net/footnote/ Scholarship on the Web: Managing Footnotes & Presenting Footnotes & Endnotes] by Paula Petrik

== See Also ==

footnotes-examples

2007-03-11T20:43:53Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Essays/Tutorials */

= Footnotes Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of footnotes and endnotes published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

How should footnotes and endnotes be marked up?

== Participants ==

*[[User:JeremyBoggs|Jeremy Boggs]]
*[[User:AndyMabbett|Andy Mabbett]]

== Real-World Examples ==

=== Weblogs ===

*[http://daringfireball.net/2007/03/blank_slate "Blank Slate" on Daring Fireball] uses an ordered list for endnotes, and uses the ID attribute in a list item to link to a specific endnote.

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="footnotes">

<hr />

<ol>

...

<li id="fn2-2007-03-04">
<p>It took me six weeks to choose the exact shade of Daring Fireball’s
background color, <code>#4a525a</code>. 
<a href="#fnr2-2007-03-04" class="footnoteBackLink" title="Jump back to footnote 2 in the text.">↩</a>
</p>
</li>

...

</ol>

</div>
</nowiki></pre>

=== Essays/Tutorials ===

* In [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/index.htm "Scholarship on the Web: Managing Endnotes], Paula Petrik's [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/cssbasic.htm basic CSS example] uses the following markup for the footnote content:

<pre><nowiki>
<div id="footnotes">

...

<p><a href="#fn2ref" class="note">2</a><a name="fn2text" id="fn2text"></a>
E. Landells, <em>The Boys’ Own Toymaker: A Practical Illustrated Guide
to the Useful Employment of Leisure Hours</em> (London: Griffith and Farran,
1860), vii.</p>

...

</div>
</nowiki></pre>
* [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/csssuper.htm Scholarship on the Web Superscripted Example] add the <sup> element to superscript the note numbers.
<pre><nowiki>
<div id="footnotes">
...

<p><sup><a href="#fn3ref" class="note">3</a></sup><a name="fn3text" id="fn3text"></a>
Paula Petrik, “The Paraphernalia of Childhood: Advice on Toys” from
“Playthings for the Republic’s Children: American Culture, Toys, and the
Business of Play,” unpublished manuscript.</p>

...

</div>
</nowiki></pre>
* [http://www.brandspankingnew.net/archive/2005/07/format_footnote.html Formatting Footnotes with JavaScript and CSS] is a technique by Timothy Groves that displays footnotes inline with text, then hides/displays the note content with JavasCript. Groves uses the following markup structure:
**This technique is problematic from a microformats perspective for several reasons: numbers are not used, each note does not have a unique ID, and its difficult or impossible to tell the difference between an annotation and the rest of the text without JavaScript and/or CSS. ([[User:JeremyBoggs|Jeremy Boggs]])

<pre><nowiki>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...<span class="footnote">This is a footnote.</span>...</p>
</nowiki></pre>

* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/blithfield/plants20060815.htm West Midland Bird Club - Blithfield Reservoir: Survey of Flowering Plants]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Floyd Wikipedia - Pink Floyd]
**Note bad accessibility practice of having same text linking to different targets, without even having differentiating title attributes.
**Is this the common practice for articles on Wikipedia?--[[User:JeremyBoggs|JeremyBoggs]] 13:43, 11 Mar 2007 (PDT)
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnotex/interleavenotes.htm Interleave Notes Example]
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnotemodel/sidenotes.htm Side Notes Example]

== Existing Practices ==

=== Common Patterns Discovered ===

* Use of "footnotes" as a class or ID attribute value for differentiating footnote content from the body of the publication.

=== Publications that discuss footnoting/endnoting on the web===

* [http://daringfireball.net/2005/07/footnotes "About the Footnotes,"]''Daring Fireball'' by John Gruber
* [http://blog.fawny.org/2005/07/24/footnote/ "There is No Such Thing as a Footnote,"] ''Fawny'' by Joe Clark
* [http://daringfireball.net/2005/08/notes_on_notes "Notes on Notes,"] ''Daring Fireball'' by John Gruber
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnoteprint.htm "Macro-Typography of Footnotes,"] by Jean-Baptiste Piggin.
* [http://archiva.net/footnote/ Scholarship on the Web: Managing Footnotes & Presenting Footnotes & Endnotes] by Paula Petrik

== See Also ==

footnotes-examples

2007-03-11T20:29:44Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Publications that discuss footnoting/endnoting on the web */

= Footnotes Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of footnotes and endnotes published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

How should footnotes and endnotes be marked up?

== Participants ==

*[[User:JeremyBoggs|Jeremy Boggs]]
*[[User:AndyMabbett|Andy Mabbett]]

== Real-World Examples ==

=== Weblogs ===

*[http://daringfireball.net/2007/03/blank_slate "Blank Slate" on Daring Fireball] uses an ordered list for endnotes, and uses the ID attribute in a list item to link to a specific endnote.

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="footnotes">

<hr />

<ol>

...

<li id="fn2-2007-03-04">
<p>It took me six weeks to choose the exact shade of Daring Fireball’s
background color, <code>#4a525a</code>. 
<a href="#fnr2-2007-03-04" class="footnoteBackLink" title="Jump back to footnote 2 in the text.">↩</a>
</p>
</li>

...

</ol>

</div>
</nowiki></pre>

=== Essays/Tutorials ===

* In [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/index.htm "Scholarship on the Web: Managing Endnotes], Paula Petrik's [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/cssbasic.htm basic CSS example] uses the following markup for the footnote content:

<pre><nowiki>
<div id="footnotes">

...

<p><a href="#fn2ref" class="note">2</a><a name="fn2text" id="fn2text"></a>
E. Landells, <em>The Boys’ Own Toymaker: A Practical Illustrated Guide
to the Useful Employment of Leisure Hours</em> (London: Griffith and Farran,
1860), vii.</p>

...

</div>
</nowiki></pre>
* [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/csssuper.htm Scholarship on the Web Superscripted Example] add the <sup> element to superscript the note numbers.
<pre><nowiki>
<div id="footnotes">
...

<p><sup><a href="#fn3ref" class="note">3</a></sup><a name="fn3text" id="fn3text"></a>
Paula Petrik, “The Paraphernalia of Childhood: Advice on Toys” from
“Playthings for the Republic’s Children: American Culture, Toys, and the
Business of Play,” unpublished manuscript.</p>

...

</div>
</nowiki></pre>
* [http://www.brandspankingnew.net/archive/2005/07/format_footnote.html Formatting Footnotes with JavaScript and CSS] is a technique by Timothy Groves that displays footnotes inline with text, then hides/displays the note content with JavasCript. Groves uses the following markup structure:
**This technique is problematic from a microformats perspective for several reasons: numbers are not used, each note does not have a unique ID, and its difficult or impossible to tell the difference between an annotation and the rest of the text without JavaScript and/or CSS. ([[User:JeremyBoggs|Jeremy Boggs]])

<pre><nowiki>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...<span class="footnote">This is a footnote.</span>...</p>
</nowiki></pre>

* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/blithfield/plants20060815.htm West Midland Bird Club - Blithfield Reservoir: Survey of Flowering Plants]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Floyd Wikipedia - Pink Floyd]
**Note bad accessibility practice of having same text linking to different targets, without even having differentiating title attributes.
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnotex/interleavenotes.htm Interleave Notes Example]
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnotemodel/sidenotes.htm Side Notes Example]

== Existing Practices ==

=== Common Patterns Discovered ===

* Use of "footnotes" as a class or ID attribute value for differentiating footnote content from the body of the publication.

=== Publications that discuss footnoting/endnoting on the web===

* [http://daringfireball.net/2005/07/footnotes "About the Footnotes,"]''Daring Fireball'' by John Gruber
* [http://blog.fawny.org/2005/07/24/footnote/ "There is No Such Thing as a Footnote,"] ''Fawny'' by Joe Clark
* [http://daringfireball.net/2005/08/notes_on_notes "Notes on Notes,"] ''Daring Fireball'' by John Gruber
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnoteprint.htm "Macro-Typography of Footnotes,"] by Jean-Baptiste Piggin.
* [http://archiva.net/footnote/ Scholarship on the Web: Managing Footnotes & Presenting Footnotes & Endnotes] by Paula Petrik

== See Also ==

footnotes-examples

2007-03-11T20:20:30Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Essays/Tutorials */

= Footnotes Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of footnotes and endnotes published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

How should footnotes and endnotes be marked up?

== Participants ==

*[[User:JeremyBoggs|Jeremy Boggs]]
*[[User:AndyMabbett|Andy Mabbett]]

== Real-World Examples ==

=== Weblogs ===

*[http://daringfireball.net/2007/03/blank_slate "Blank Slate" on Daring Fireball] uses an ordered list for endnotes, and uses the ID attribute in a list item to link to a specific endnote.

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="footnotes">

<hr />

<ol>

...

<li id="fn2-2007-03-04">
<p>It took me six weeks to choose the exact shade of Daring Fireball’s
background color, <code>#4a525a</code>. 
<a href="#fnr2-2007-03-04" class="footnoteBackLink" title="Jump back to footnote 2 in the text.">↩</a>
</p>
</li>

...

</ol>

</div>
</nowiki></pre>

=== Essays/Tutorials ===

* In [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/index.htm "Scholarship on the Web: Managing Endnotes], Paula Petrik's [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/cssbasic.htm basic CSS example] uses the following markup for the footnote content:

<pre><nowiki>
<div id="footnotes">

...

<p><a href="#fn2ref" class="note">2</a><a name="fn2text" id="fn2text"></a>
E. Landells, <em>The Boys’ Own Toymaker: A Practical Illustrated Guide
to the Useful Employment of Leisure Hours</em> (London: Griffith and Farran,
1860), vii.</p>

...

</div>
</nowiki></pre>
* [http://www.archiva.net/footnote/csssuper.htm Scholarship on the Web Superscripted Example] add the <sup> element to superscript the note numbers.
<pre><nowiki>
<div id="footnotes">
...

<p><sup><a href="#fn3ref" class="note">3</a></sup><a name="fn3text" id="fn3text"></a>
Paula Petrik, “The Paraphernalia of Childhood: Advice on Toys” from
“Playthings for the Republic’s Children: American Culture, Toys, and the
Business of Play,” unpublished manuscript.</p>

...

</div>
</nowiki></pre>
* [http://www.brandspankingnew.net/archive/2005/07/format_footnote.html Formatting Footnotes with JavaScript and CSS] is a technique by Timothy Groves that displays footnotes inline with text, then hides/displays the note content with JavasCript. Groves uses the following markup structure:
**This technique is problematic from a microformats perspective for several reasons: numbers are not used, each note does not have a unique ID, and its difficult or impossible to tell the difference between an annotation and the rest of the text without JavaScript and/or CSS. ([[User:JeremyBoggs|Jeremy Boggs]])

<pre><nowiki>
<p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet...<span class="footnote">This is a footnote.</span>...</p>
</nowiki></pre>

* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/blithfield/plants20060815.htm West Midland Bird Club - Blithfield Reservoir: Survey of Flowering Plants]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pink_Floyd Wikipedia - Pink Floyd]
**Note bad accessibility practice of having same text linking to different targets, without even having differentiating title attributes.
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnotex/interleavenotes.htm Interleave Notes Example]
* [http://www.piggin.net/footnotemodel/sidenotes.htm Side Notes Example]

== Existing Practices ==

=== Common Patterns Discovered ===

* Use of "footnotes" as a class or ID attribute value for differentiating footnote content from the body of the publication.

=== Publications that discuss footnoting/endnoting on the web===

* [http://www.piggin.net/footnoteprint.htm Macro-Typography of Footnotes]
* [http://archiva.net/footnote/ Scholarship on the Web: Managing Footnotes & Presenting Footnotes & Endnotes]

== See Also ==

footnotes-examples

2007-03-11T20:19:34Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Publications that discuss footnoting/endnoting on the web */

footnotes-examples

2007-03-11T20:19:15Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Existing Practices */

footnotes-examples

2007-03-11T19:59:54Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Essays/Tutorials */

footnotes-examples

2007-03-11T19:49:01Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Essays/Tutorials */

footnotes-examples

2007-03-11T19:47:50Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Essays/Tutorials */

footnotes-examples

2007-03-11T19:47:15Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Essays/Tutorials */

footnotes-examples

2007-03-11T19:34:54Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Weblogs */

footnotes-examples

2007-03-11T19:02:07Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Participants */

history-examples

2007-03-11T18:59:39Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Map Sites */

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

History seeks to show and explain change over time. With that in mind, how should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

== Participants ==

[http://clioweb.org Jeremy Boggs]

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====

[http://library.wustl.edu/vlib/dredscott/chronology.html Dred Scott Case Collection - Chronology]

[http://factoryjoe.com/stream/ Chris Messina's lifestream, marked up with hCalendar]

[http://vidastream.net/u/aconbere/ VidaStream (aconbere's lifestream)]

[http://www.chrisglass.com/timeline/ Chris Glass through the years]

[http://www.thocp.net/companies/microsoft/microsoft_company.htm Microsoft's Timeline from 1975-1990]

[http://www.footnote.com/topicpage.php?tp=2 HMS Titanic Timeline] Member-created timeline at [http://footnote.com Footnote].

[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

[http://tfaces.narod.ru/ Type Timeline (in Russian)]

[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/chrono.htm West Midland Bird Club history]

[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/exhibits/online_exhibits/dressed_to_the_nines/timeline.htm History of the Baseball Uniform Timeline] from the National Baseball Hall of Fame

[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=history-examples&action=history The History section of the History-Examples wiki page] Seems that the history sections of this wiki are essentially timelines, with historical information, showing change over time.

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

I include image and flash-based timelines to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

[http://www.fasttrackteaching.com/timeline2.html Timeline: Colonial America 1600-1775]

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== Historical Maps ===

==== Tools ====

[http://ecai.org/tech/TimeMap.html TimeMap]

[http://gutenkarte.org/ Gutenkarte] - Allows you to map geographic locations in texts

[http://labs.metacarta.com/rectifier/ Metacarta Map Rectifier] - Allows you to place and rectify maps over a base map. Uses Google Maps (I think). Lots of examples of historical maps layered over modern maps for comparison.

==== Map Sites ====

[http://www.socialexplorer.com/pub/maps/home.aspx Social Explorer Maps] maps historical census data on New York and Los Angeles.

[http://www.brown.edu/Research/AAAH/map.htm Animated Atlas of African History, 1889-2002] Uses Flash.

[http://www.davidrumsey.com/index.html David Rumsey Historical Map Collection]

[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/features/londoninmaps/exhibition.html London: A Life in Maps] uses GoogleMaps and historical data to explore the history of London.

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums and Exhibits ====

[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

[http://www.designmuseum.org/digital/a-century-of-chairs A Century of Chairs] From the Design Museum.

[http://www.mcny.org/ Museum of the City of New York]

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People, Biographies, and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

The following timelines provide a comparative list of the timeframes in which select political leaders around the world were in power:

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin1.htm 20th Century - First Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin2.htm 20th Century - Second Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin3.htm 20th Century - Third Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin4.htm 20th Century - Fourth Quarter]

==== Places ====

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==

history-examples

2007-03-11T18:56:36Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Map Sites */

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

History seeks to show and explain change over time. With that in mind, how should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

== Participants ==

[http://clioweb.org Jeremy Boggs]

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====

[http://library.wustl.edu/vlib/dredscott/chronology.html Dred Scott Case Collection - Chronology]

[http://factoryjoe.com/stream/ Chris Messina's lifestream, marked up with hCalendar]

[http://vidastream.net/u/aconbere/ VidaStream (aconbere's lifestream)]

[http://www.chrisglass.com/timeline/ Chris Glass through the years]

[http://www.thocp.net/companies/microsoft/microsoft_company.htm Microsoft's Timeline from 1975-1990]

[http://www.footnote.com/topicpage.php?tp=2 HMS Titanic Timeline] Member-created timeline at [http://footnote.com Footnote].

[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

[http://tfaces.narod.ru/ Type Timeline (in Russian)]

[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/chrono.htm West Midland Bird Club history]

[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/exhibits/online_exhibits/dressed_to_the_nines/timeline.htm History of the Baseball Uniform Timeline] from the National Baseball Hall of Fame

[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=history-examples&action=history The History section of the History-Examples wiki page] Seems that the history sections of this wiki are essentially timelines, with historical information, showing change over time.

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

I include image and flash-based timelines to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

[http://www.fasttrackteaching.com/timeline2.html Timeline: Colonial America 1600-1775]

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== Historical Maps ===

==== Tools ====

[http://ecai.org/tech/TimeMap.html TimeMap]

[http://gutenkarte.org/ Gutenkarte] - Allows you to map geographic locations in texts

[http://labs.metacarta.com/rectifier/ Metacarta Map Rectifier] - Allows you to place and rectify maps over a base map. Uses Google Maps (I think). Lots of examples of historical maps layered over modern maps for comparison.

==== Map Sites ====

[http://www.socialexplorer.com/pub/maps/home.aspx Social Explorer Maps] maps historical census data on a number of cities over time.

[http://www.brown.edu/Research/AAAH/map.htm Animated Atlas of African History, 1889-2002] Uses Flash.

[http://www.davidrumsey.com/index.html David Rumsey Historical Map Collection]

[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/features/londoninmaps/exhibition.html London: A Life in Maps] uses GoogleMaps and historical data to explore the history of London.

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums and Exhibits ====

[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

[http://www.designmuseum.org/digital/a-century-of-chairs A Century of Chairs] From the Design Museum.

[http://www.mcny.org/ Museum of the City of New York]

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People, Biographies, and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

The following timelines provide a comparative list of the timeframes in which select political leaders around the world were in power:

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin1.htm 20th Century - First Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin2.htm 20th Century - Second Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin3.htm 20th Century - Third Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin4.htm 20th Century - Fourth Quarter]

==== Places ====

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==

footnotes-examples

2007-03-07T00:29:47Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Real-World Examples */

footnotes-examples

2007-03-07T00:29:10Z

JeremyBoggs: /* See Also */

footnotes-examples

2007-03-07T00:25:47Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Participants */

footnotes-examples

2007-03-07T00:25:28Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Participants */

footnotes-examples

2007-03-07T00:25:03Z

JeremyBoggs:

User:JeremyBoggs

2007-03-02T15:38:22Z

JeremyBoggs:

== About ==

I am the Creative Lead and a web developer at the [http://chnm.gmu.edu Center for History and New Media], and a PhD student in the Department of History and Art History at George Mason University. My personal website is [http://clioweb.org ClioWeb]

User:JeremyBoggs

2007-03-02T15:37:50Z

JeremyBoggs:

history-examples

2007-03-02T03:26:13Z

JeremyBoggs: /* HTML-based Timelines */

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

History seeks to show and explain change over time. With that in mind, how should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

== Participants ==

[http://clioweb.org Jeremy Boggs]

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====

[http://library.wustl.edu/vlib/dredscott/chronology.html Dred Scott Case Collection - Chronology]

[http://factoryjoe.com/stream/ Chris Messina's lifestream, marked up with hCalendar]

[http://vidastream.net/u/aconbere/ VidaStream (aconbere's lifestream)]

[http://www.chrisglass.com/timeline/ Chris Glass through the years]

[http://www.thocp.net/companies/microsoft/microsoft_company.htm Microsoft's Timeline from 1975-1990]

[http://www.footnote.com/topicpage.php?tp=2 HMS Titanic Timeline] Member-created timeline at [http://footnote.com Footnote].

[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

[http://tfaces.narod.ru/ Type Timeline (in Russian)]

[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/chrono.htm West Midland Bird Club history]

[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/exhibits/online_exhibits/dressed_to_the_nines/timeline.htm History of the Baseball Uniform Timeline] from the National Baseball Hall of Fame

[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=history-examples&action=history The History section of the History-Examples wiki page] Seems that the history sections of this wiki are essentially timelines, with historical information, showing change over time.

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

I include image and flash-based timelines to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

[http://www.fasttrackteaching.com/timeline2.html Timeline: Colonial America 1600-1775]

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== Historical Maps ===

==== Tools ====

[http://ecai.org/tech/TimeMap.html TimeMap]

[http://gutenkarte.org/ Gutenkarte] - Allows you to map geographic locations in texts

[http://labs.metacarta.com/rectifier/ Metacarta Map Rectifier] - Allows you to place and rectify maps over a base map. Uses Google Maps (I think). Lots of examples of historical maps layered over modern maps for comparison.

==== Map Sites ====

[http://www.brown.edu/Research/AAAH/map.htm Animated Atlas of African History, 1889-2002] Uses Flash.

[http://www.davidrumsey.com/index.html David Rumsey Historical Map Collection]

[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/features/londoninmaps/exhibition.html London: A Life in Maps] uses GoogleMaps and historical data to explore the history of London.

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums and Exhibits ====

[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

[http://www.designmuseum.org/digital/a-century-of-chairs A Century of Chairs] From the Design Museum.

[http://www.mcny.org/ Museum of the City of New York]

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People, Biographies, and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

The following timelines provide a comparative list of the timeframes in which select political leaders around the world were in power:

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin1.htm 20th Century - First Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin2.htm 20th Century - Second Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin3.htm 20th Century - Third Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin4.htm 20th Century - Fourth Quarter]

==== Places ====

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==

history-examples

2007-02-27T04:56:07Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Map Sites */

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

History seeks to show and explain change over time. With that in mind, how should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

== Participants ==

[http://clioweb.org Jeremy Boggs]

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====

[http://factoryjoe.com/stream/ Chris Messina's lifestream, marked up with hCalendar]

[http://vidastream.net/u/aconbere/ VidaStream (aconbere's lifestream)]

[http://www.chrisglass.com/timeline/ Chris Glass through the years]

[http://www.thocp.net/companies/microsoft/microsoft_company.htm Microsoft's Timeline from 1975-1990]

[http://www.footnote.com/topicpage.php?tp=2 HMS Titanic Timeline] Member-created timeline at [http://footnote.com Footnote].

[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

[http://tfaces.narod.ru/ Type Timeline (in Russian)]

[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/chrono.htm West Midland Bird Club history]

[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/exhibits/online_exhibits/dressed_to_the_nines/timeline.htm History of the Baseball Uniform Timeline] from the National Baseball Hall of Fame

[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=history-examples&action=history The History section of the History-Examples wiki page] Seems that the history sections of this wiki are essentially timelines, with historical information, showing change over time.

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

I include image and flash-based timelines to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

[http://www.fasttrackteaching.com/timeline2.html Timeline: Colonial America 1600-1775]

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== Historical Maps ===

==== Tools ====

[http://ecai.org/tech/TimeMap.html TimeMap]

[http://gutenkarte.org/ Gutenkarte] - Allows you to map geographic locations in texts

[http://labs.metacarta.com/rectifier/ Metacarta Map Rectifier] - Allows you to place and rectify maps over a base map. Uses Google Maps (I think). Lots of examples of historical maps layered over modern maps for comparison.

==== Map Sites ====

[http://www.brown.edu/Research/AAAH/map.htm Animated Atlas of African History, 1889-2002] Uses Flash.

[http://www.davidrumsey.com/index.html David Rumsey Historical Map Collection]

[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/features/londoninmaps/exhibition.html London: A Life in Maps] uses GoogleMaps and historical data to explore the history of London.

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums and Exhibits ====

[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

[http://www.designmuseum.org/digital/a-century-of-chairs A Century of Chairs] From the Design Museum.

[http://www.mcny.org/ Museum of the City of New York]

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People, Biographies, and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

The following timelines provide a comparative list of the timeframes in which select political leaders around the world were in power:

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin1.htm 20th Century - First Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin2.htm 20th Century - Second Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin3.htm 20th Century - Third Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin4.htm 20th Century - Fourth Quarter]

==== Places ====

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==

history-examples

2007-02-26T16:16:44Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Tools */

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

History seeks to show and explain change over time. With that in mind, how should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

== Participants ==

[http://clioweb.org Jeremy Boggs]

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====

[http://factoryjoe.com/stream/ Chris Messina's lifestream, marked up with hCalendar]

[http://vidastream.net/u/aconbere/ VidaStream (aconbere's lifestream)]

[http://www.chrisglass.com/timeline/ Chris Glass through the years]

[http://www.thocp.net/companies/microsoft/microsoft_company.htm Microsoft's Timeline from 1975-1990]

[http://www.footnote.com/topicpage.php?tp=2 HMS Titanic Timeline] Member-created timeline at [http://footnote.com Footnote].

[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

[http://tfaces.narod.ru/ Type Timeline (in Russian)]

[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/chrono.htm West Midland Bird Club history]

[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/exhibits/online_exhibits/dressed_to_the_nines/timeline.htm History of the Baseball Uniform Timeline] from the National Baseball Hall of Fame

[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=history-examples&action=history The History section of the History-Examples wiki page] Seems that the history sections of this wiki are essentially timelines, with historical information, showing change over time.

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

I include image and flash-based timelines to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

[http://www.fasttrackteaching.com/timeline2.html Timeline: Colonial America 1600-1775]

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== Historical Maps ===

==== Tools ====

[http://ecai.org/tech/TimeMap.html TimeMap]

[http://gutenkarte.org/ Gutenkarte] - Allows you to map geographic locations in texts

[http://labs.metacarta.com/rectifier/ Metacarta Map Rectifier] - Allows you to place and rectify maps over a base map. Uses Google Maps (I think). Lots of examples of historical maps layered over modern maps for comparison.

==== Map Sites ====

[http://www.davidrumsey.com/index.html David Rumsey Historical Map Collection]

[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/features/londoninmaps/exhibition.html London: A Life in Maps] uses GoogleMaps and historical data to explore the history of London.

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums and Exhibits ====

[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

[http://www.designmuseum.org/digital/a-century-of-chairs A Century of Chairs] From the Design Museum.

[http://www.mcny.org/ Museum of the City of New York]

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People, Biographies, and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

The following timelines provide a comparative list of the timeframes in which select political leaders around the world were in power:

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin1.htm 20th Century - First Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin2.htm 20th Century - Second Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin3.htm 20th Century - Third Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin4.htm 20th Century - Fourth Quarter]

==== Places ====

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==

history-examples

2007-02-26T16:05:39Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Image and Flash-based Timelines */

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

History seeks to show and explain change over time. With that in mind, how should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

== Participants ==

[http://clioweb.org Jeremy Boggs]

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====

[http://factoryjoe.com/stream/ Chris Messina's lifestream, marked up with hCalendar]

[http://vidastream.net/u/aconbere/ VidaStream (aconbere's lifestream)]

[http://www.chrisglass.com/timeline/ Chris Glass through the years]

[http://www.thocp.net/companies/microsoft/microsoft_company.htm Microsoft's Timeline from 1975-1990]

[http://www.footnote.com/topicpage.php?tp=2 HMS Titanic Timeline] Member-created timeline at [http://footnote.com Footnote].

[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

[http://tfaces.narod.ru/ Type Timeline (in Russian)]

[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/chrono.htm West Midland Bird Club history]

[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/exhibits/online_exhibits/dressed_to_the_nines/timeline.htm History of the Baseball Uniform Timeline] from the National Baseball Hall of Fame

[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=history-examples&action=history The History section of the History-Examples wiki page] Seems that the history sections of this wiki are essentially timelines, with historical information, showing change over time.

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

I include image and flash-based timelines to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

[http://www.fasttrackteaching.com/timeline2.html Timeline: Colonial America 1600-1775]

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== Historical Maps ===

==== Tools ====

[http://ecai.org/tech/TimeMap.html TimeMap]

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums and Exhibits ====

[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

[http://www.designmuseum.org/digital/a-century-of-chairs A Century of Chairs] From the Design Museum.

[http://www.mcny.org/ Museum of the City of New York]

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People, Biographies, and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

The following timelines provide a comparative list of the timeframes in which select political leaders around the world were in power:

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin1.htm 20th Century - First Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin2.htm 20th Century - Second Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin3.htm 20th Century - Third Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin4.htm 20th Century - Fourth Quarter]

==== Places ====

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==

history-examples

2007-02-26T16:04:18Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Historical Timelines */

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

History seeks to show and explain change over time. With that in mind, how should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

== Participants ==

[http://clioweb.org Jeremy Boggs]

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====

[http://factoryjoe.com/stream/ Chris Messina's lifestream, marked up with hCalendar]

[http://vidastream.net/u/aconbere/ VidaStream (aconbere's lifestream)]

[http://www.chrisglass.com/timeline/ Chris Glass through the years]

[http://www.thocp.net/companies/microsoft/microsoft_company.htm Microsoft's Timeline from 1975-1990]

[http://www.footnote.com/topicpage.php?tp=2 HMS Titanic Timeline] Member-created timeline at [http://footnote.com Footnote].

[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

[http://tfaces.narod.ru/ Type Timeline (in Russian)]

[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/chrono.htm West Midland Bird Club history]

[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/exhibits/online_exhibits/dressed_to_the_nines/timeline.htm History of the Baseball Uniform Timeline] from the National Baseball Hall of Fame

[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=history-examples&action=history The History section of the History-Examples wiki page] Seems that the history sections of this wiki are essentially timelines, with historical information, showing change over time.

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

I include image and flash-based timelines to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== Historical Maps ===

==== Tools ====

[http://ecai.org/tech/TimeMap.html TimeMap]

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums and Exhibits ====

[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

[http://www.designmuseum.org/digital/a-century-of-chairs A Century of Chairs] From the Design Museum.

[http://www.mcny.org/ Museum of the City of New York]

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People, Biographies, and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

The following timelines provide a comparative list of the timeframes in which select political leaders around the world were in power:

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin1.htm 20th Century - First Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin2.htm 20th Century - Second Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin3.htm 20th Century - Third Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin4.htm 20th Century - Fourth Quarter]

==== Places ====

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==

citation-examples

2007-02-21T19:51:37Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Citation of an Online Resource */

<h1> Citation Examples </h1>

The following examples are real world examples of citations found on the web. Please add to this list. The idea is that we get a solid sample of examples and see what commonalities there are amonst them and try to build this microformat so that it can meet 80% of typical uses.

'''To add examples:''' please first add a copy of the HTML source for your example at the [[citation-examples-markup]] page, then add a description of the example to this page, with a link to the corresponding section on [[citation-examples-markup]]. Thanks!

See also:
* [[citation]]
* [[citation-formats]]
* [[citation-brainstorming]]
* [[citation-faq]]

__TOC__

== Contributors ==
* ...
* [http://suda.co.uk/ Brian Suda]
* Tantek Çelik
* [http://michael-mccracken.net/wp/ Michael McCracken]
* Tim White
* [http://inkdroid.org Ed Summers]

== Citation Mark Up in the Wild ==
Mark up examples from reference publisher's websites (online catalogs), including ABC-CLIO, Greenwood Press, Marshall Cavendish, Oxford University Press (USA) and Thomson Gale. Examples are broken down and organized by element.

(For a cleaner version, see [http://www.tjameswhite.com/citation-examples.htm]) -- ''is this link now out of date?''--[[User:Mike|Mike]] 18:19, 30 Aug 2006 (PDT)

=== ABC-CLIO Product detail page ===
[http://www.abc-clio.com/products/overview.aspx?productid=109327 ABC-CLIO example]
[[citation-examples-markup#ABC-CLIO_Product_detail_page.C2.A0.28http:.2F.2Fwww.abc-clio.com.2Fproducts.2Foverview.aspx.3Fproductid.3D109327.29|ABC-CLIO Original Markup]]

* title
* subtitle
* author
* image
* publication date
* pages
* volumes
* specifications (book dimentions 8.5x11, weight, etc)
* Format - (Hardback, softback)
* Price
* ISBN

=== ACM Digital Library Search Result Examples ===

The [http://www.acm.org/dl/ ACM Digital Library] is a heavily used computer science literature database.

The [[citation-examples-markup#ACM_Digital_Library_Search_Result_Examples|ACM Original Markup]] contained two examples, a journal article and a conference proceedings article.

''Journal article:''

* title
* authors
* Pages
* format (PDF)
* Additional Information
* abstract
* index terms
* journal
* issue
* volume
* pubdate
* DOI

''Conference Proceedings:''

* title
* authors
* author institutions
* source (conference + proceedings name)
* page
* year
* isbn
* publisher name & address
* DOI
* abstract
* subject category labels
* keywords

=== Amazon.com citation info ===

This is from a detail page on Amazon.com for a book.

[[citation-examples-markup#Amazon.com_citation_info|Amazon's Original Markup]]

* title
* author
* series title
* page

=== CiteSeer database search results ===

The [http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu CiteSeer] database has been another heavily used Computer Science online resource, and it has minimal markup:
#[[citation-examples-markup#CiteSeer_database_search_results|CiteSeer's Original Markup]]
#[[citation-examples#CiteSeer|CiteSeer's Original Example 2]]

* author
* title
* journal
* pages
* publication date
* URL
* Accessed On

=== CiteULike.org citation listing ===

[http://www.citeulike.org/ CiteULike]

[[citation-examples-markup#CiteULike.org_citation_listing|CiteULike's Original Markup]]

* title
* author
* subjects
* image
* Volume
* Number
* publication date
* page

Links to services with the following IDs embedded in the link
* Z3988
* DOI
* Pubmed
* Hubmed

=== CiteProc XHTML Output ===
[[citation-examples-markup#CiteProc_XHTML_Output|CiteProc Original Markup]]

The XHTML output for CiteProc[http://xbiblio.sourceforge.net/citeproc/] wasn't designed per se as a microformat, but is probably not a bad place to start. It is designed to handle a wide range of content. Here is the APA output:

* refID (HTML @ID)
* creator
* role (to indicate editors and translators)
* date
* title
* volume
* issue
* page
* issue
* container (a book serves as container for a chapter)
* type (book, newspaper, proceedings)
* edition
* publisher
* place
* location (for urls and physical locations)
* access date (for online items)

=== Google Cache ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=citation-examples-markup&action=submit#Google Original Markup]
* url
* retrieved date

=== Greenwood Press featured book ===
[http://www.greenwood.com/ greenwood press home page]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Greenwood_Press_home_page.C2.A0.28http:.2F.2Fwww.greenwood.com.2F.29_featured_book Original Markup]
* title
* subtitle
* author
* ISBN
* Price
* Description

=== Greenwood Press product detail page ===
[http://www.greenwood.com/catalog/GR2847.aspx Product detail page]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Greenwood_Press_Product_detail_page.C2.A0.28http:.2F.2Fwww.greenwood.com.2Fcatalog.2FGR2847.aspx.29 Original Markup]

* Title
* subtitle
* authors
* AuthorsNote
* BookCode (internal code system)
* ISBN
* Page
* Publisher
* Publication Date
* Price
* Availability
* MediaType
* categories
* LC Card Number
* LCC Class
* Dewey Class

=== IEEE IEEExplore Search Results Markup ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#IEEE_IEEExplore_Search_Results_Markup Original Markup]

* title
* authors
* journal
* issue
* volume
* issue
* pubdate
* page
* Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
* summary

=== Marshall Cavendish product page===
[http://www.marshallcavendish.com/marshallcavendish/academic/redirector.xml?url=/marshallcavendish/academic/catalogue/books/regionalism_n_regional_security/9812102108.xml product page]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Marshall_Cavendish_product_page.C2.A0.28http:.2F.2Fwww.marshallcavendish.com.2Fmarshallcavendish.2Facademic.2Fredirector.xml.3Furl.3D.2Fmarshallcavendish.2Facademic.2Fcatalogue.2Fbooks.2Fregionalism_n_regional_security.2F9812102108.xml.29 Original Markup]

* ISBN
* Series
* Title
* publisher
* Specifications (dimentions/weight)
* Authors
* Target Audience
* Price
* description

=== Ning ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=citation-examples-markup&action=submit#Ning.com Original Example]
* title
* publications date
* retrieved on

=== Oxford University Press (USA) home page ===
[http://www.us.oup.com/us/?view=usa homepage]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Oxford_University_Press_.28USA.29_homepage.C2.A0.28http:.2F.2Fwww.us.oup.com.2Fus.2F.3Fview.3Dusa.29 Original Markup]

* title
* subTitle
* edition
* byline
* ISBN
* format - hardback
* publication Date
* price
* description
* related

=== Oxford University Press (USA) product detail page ===
[http://www.us.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/HistoryAmerican/ColonialRevolutionary/?view=usa&ci=0195162471#Product_Details Product page]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Oxford_University_Press_.28USA.29_Product_page.C2.A0.28http:.2F.2Fwww.us.oup.com.2Fus.2Fcatalog.2Fgeneral.2Fsubject.2FHistoryAmerican.2FColonialRevolutionary.2F.3Fview.3Dusa.26ci.3D0195162471.23Product_Details.29 Original Markup]

* title
* subTitle
* edition
* byline
* image
* isbnNumber
* format - hardback
* pages
* publication Date
* availability
* price

=== Thomson Gale product detail page ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Thomson_Gale_product_detail_page Original Markup]

* title
* excerp
* Volume
* Publisher
* description
* Published date
* ISBN
* Product number (internal code system)
* Pages
* Shipping Weight
* price

=== RFC vCard Example ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#RFC_vCard_Example Original Markup]

* refID (HTML @ID)
* title
* publication
* title
* Journal
* Volume
* Issue
* page
* pubdate
* RFC ID

=== University of Virginia ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=citation-examples-markup&action=submit#University_of_Virginia Original Markup]
* title
* publication date
* retrived on
* location
* organization

=== W3C XHTML Spec Example ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#W3C_XHTML_Spec_Example Original Markup]

* refID (HTML @ID)
* URL
* title
* subtitle
* part (1 of X)
* journal
* authors
* pubdate
* language
* ISO/IEC ID
* RFC ID

[http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/#refs XHTML1.0 Spec references]

=== PubMed Medical Journal Example ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#PubMed_Medical_Journal_Example Original Markup]

* abstract
* title
* publisher
* journal
* date/time published
* Review (BOOLEAN YES/NO)
* PubMedID

=== BibDesk Default Template ===
[[citation-examples-markup#BibDesk_default_HTML_export_example|Original Markup]]

This is a pretty simplistic template for a very general app, but it seems to be OK for most BD users.

* Title
* Author
* Journal
* Volume
* Pages
* Date
* Url
* Abstract

=== Wikipedia ===
[http://wikpedia.org Wikipedia] makes extensive use of bibliographic citations, in particular to point readers to further information sources. There are differing formats depending on Wikipedia's language.

Note that Wikipedia values are often links to other pages on Wikipedia (used elsewhere, those URLs might be more canonical, such as to an author or publisher's website).

==== English Wikipdia ====
The kinds of citations used on the site run the full gamut. Here are breakdowns of four categories previously mentioned:

===== Original Markup =====
[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=citation-examples-markup&action=submit#Wikipedia Original Markup]
* id
* title
* url
* Retrieved/Accessed On
* Publication Date
* Journal

===== Book =====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_feynman#_note-8 Example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wikipedia_Book Example Markup]

* title
* author
* publisher
* year
* ISBN
* url (indirectly via special wikipedia ISBN page)

===== Book Infobox =====

The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Infobox_Book Book Infobox template] from wikipedia shows a separate schema that is being used for many book pages on wikipedia to mark up a summary box about the book:

* name
* title_orig
* translator
* image
* image_caption
* author
* illustrator
* cover_artist
* country
* language
* series
* subject
* genre
* publisher
* release_date
* english_release_date
* media_type
* pages
* isbn
* preceded_by
* followed_by

===== Journal Articles =====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA#Citations Example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wikipedia_Journal_Article Example Markup]

* author (truncated list)
* year
* title
* journal title
* journal number
* page range
* [http://doi.org DOI]

===== Court cases =====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_leading_legal_cases_in_copyright_law Example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wikipedia_Court_Case Example Markup]

* title
* case number
** ''note that legal standards for referring to cases include some inscrutable abbreviations that are probably more detailed than just "case number"''
* court name
* year
* description/abstract

===== U.S. Law =====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Act#endnote_FISA Example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wikipedia_US_Law Example Markup]

* title (title number, for example "50" in "50 U.S.C. chapter 36."
* chapter title (name, for example "Foreign Intelligence Surveillance" )
* chapter number
* section, paragraph, subparagraph numbers (optionally)

===== Conference presentations =====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_R._Pillar#Conference_presentation_by_Pillar Example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wikipedia_Conference_Presentation Example Markup]

* title
* location
* date
* author (implied - the page is about this person)

===== Historical Sources =====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War#Primary_sources Example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wikipedia_Primary_Historical_Source Example Markup]

* source / location
* title
* publisher
* year
* description
* url

===== U.S. Patent =====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_software_patents Example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wikipedia_U.S._Patent Example Markup]

* number

==== German Wikipedia ====
* [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Literatur citing styles]

=== EPrints.org ===

[http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/12070/ example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#EPrints.org_generated_output example markup]

Based on [http://dublincore.org/documents/dcq-html/ Expressing Dublin Core in HTML/XHTML meta and link elements] and [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2731.txt rfc2731], Eprints.org uses the following Dublin Core terms in meta tags in the HTML HEAD of each paper's page:

* title
* creator (author)
* description (abstract)
* date
* type
* identifier (a url)
* format
** a strange syntax for the meta content:"pdf http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/12070/01/Alani-final.pdf"" for the format term...
* fulltext
** this is in a rel-alternate link element. The class is 'fulltext', and the href is the same link as in format, only a valid URL this time.

In the body of the page, they use the following classes, now no longer DC terms:
* title
* authors (a flat list with abbreviated names)
* year
* conference
* conference location

=== Wolfram Mathworld ===

[http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Quasi-MonteCarloMethod.html example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wolfram_Mathworld example markup]

A book. First citation from the page on "Quasi-Monte Carlo Method". Has very little markup.

* authors
* title
* publisher (name and location)
* date (just year)

=== Self-Citation Example ===
[http://cbio.mskcc.org/~hoffmann/lifecycles/olv/index.html One example] of an article that includes a statement "please cite as" (a self-description):

* title
* author
* periodical (journal) title
* volume
* issue
* pages
* year

=== Citation of an Online Resource ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Citation_of_an_Online_Resource example markup]

At University of Michigan's [http://www.crlt.umich.edu/publinks/facment_biblio.html Center for Research on Learning and Teaching] you see citations like this:

Chief Academic Officers of the Big 12 Universities (2000). Big 12 Faculty Fellowship Program. Retrieved December 20, 2000 from the World Wide Wed: http://www.k-state.edu/provost/academic/big12/big12guide.htm.

* title
* publication year
* department/author
* retrieval date
* URL

[http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue12_2/tulloch/index.html "Many, Many Maps," ''First Monday''] contains citations to online resources like this:

E.S. Raymond, 2000. “The Cathedral and the Bazaar,” version 3.0, at http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/cathedral-bazaar, accessed 18 October 2006.

* author
* publication year
* web page title
* URL
* accessed date

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/resources/essays/d/44 "The Role of Technology in World History Teaching" by T. Mills Kelly] uses the following citation format for online resources:

''Hitler Historical Museum'', http://www.hitler.org/. Accessed March 21, 2006.

* title
* URL
* accessed date

=== OCLC WorldCat Online ===

==== Book ====
[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41238513 example] [http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Book example-makrup]

* title
* type (book)
* publisher name
* publisher location
* copyright date
* isbn
* oclc number
* subjects
* author
* z39.88 (COinS)

==== Journal ====
[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4538259 example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Journal example-makrup]

* title
* type (journal)
* publisher
* issn
* oclc number
* subjects
* z39.88 (COinS)

====West Midland Bird Club====
Uses OpenCOinS
* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/biblio/warwks.htm Bibliography page]
* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/archive/reports1970s.htm Annual Reports]
* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/biblio/birdnotes/23-5-172.htm 'Bird Notes' article reproduction]
* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/biblio/bb/73-478.htm 'British Birds' article reproduction]
* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/biblio/bb/40-184.htm 'British Birds' article reproduction with additional citation]
*[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/biblio/bb/index.htm List of 'British Birds' articles]

Features include:
*title
*author
*date
*price (historic, at time of publication)
*format
*publisher
*number of pages
*ISBN/ ISSN
*product dimensions
*page numbers of article
*image(s)

====Amazon====
Product listings, e.g.
[http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1590596145/ref=pd_qpt_gw_1/026-5782158-8338825]
*title
*author
*price
*format
*publisher
*number of pages
*language
*ISBN
*product dimensions
*shipping weighta
*average customer review
*image
*Amazon.com Sales Rank

====ABE====
Product listings, e.g. [http://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=637112345&searchurl=sts%3Dt%26an%3Dmabbett%26y%3D0%26x%3D0]
*title
*author
*ISBN
*publisher
*publication date
*country
*edition
*condition
*whether signed
*format/binding
*number of pages
*bookseller
*inventory number
*price
*shipping costs
*quantity

== Implied schema ==

=== List of all properties ===
This are a summation of all the properties in the examples, I have tried to logically group them together.

* title
* subtitle
* author
* editor
* translator
* image
* date (issued, copyrighted, accessed)
* language
* description/Summary/abstract
* excerpt
* index terms
* categories (keywords, tags, labels, etc.)

RELATIONS
* container (publication; periodicals, books, etc.)
* collection (series and so forth)
* event (conference, etc.)
* original (for republished material)

LOCATION INFORMATION
* pages
* volume
* series title
* Series
* edition
* issue
* publication
* journal
* part (1 of X)

PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES
* Specifications (dimentions/weight)
* Format/type (book, newspaper, proceedings)

IDENTIFIERS
* ISBN
* LC Card Number
* LCC Class
* Dewey Class
* URL
* RFC ID
* ISO/IEC ID
* DOI
* PubMedID

PUBLISHER
* publisher

These are sort of left overs, the are not really about citations, but more about commerce or other things. If they are important we can move them to the above list.
* refID (HTML @ID)
* Reviewed (BOOLEAN YES/NO)
* Availability
* Price
* Shipping Weight
* related
* Product number (internal system code)
* BookCode (internal system code)
* AuthorsNote
* Additional Information
* Target Audience

=== Analysis of Examples ===
With exception of just a few properties, all of the above appeared in atleast two different examples. The following properties were very common in most the example formats:
* title
* subtitle
* author
* publication date
* description
* pages
* ISBN
* publisher

== Styles ==
This does NOT define a format, but instead shows how the format should be displayed. This is something out of the direct scope of this project. CSS styles will handle the look-and-feel of the text, and the author can put it in any order they choose. These links are mentioned for two reasons, one is informative, the other is so we know at least meet the minimum properties that are used in the styles.

* [http://www.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citmla.htm MLA Style]
* [http://www.bu.edu/library/guides/citation.html Chicago, MLA, and APA styles]
* [http://www.english.uiuc.edu/cws/wworkshop/writer_resources/citation_styles/citation_styles.htm Writer's Workshop citation style page] (detailed citation style info)
* [http://www.legalbluebook.com/ Blue Book] for legal citations
* [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/cup/cgos/idx_basic.html Columbia University Citation Style] developed for modern internet citations

citation-examples-markup

2007-02-21T19:49:44Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Wikipedia U.S. Patent */

<h1> Citation Examples Markup</h1>

The following examples are real world examples of citations found on the web.
Please add to this list. The idea is that we get a solid sample of examples and see what commonalities there are amonst them and try to build this microformat so that it can meet 80% of typical uses.

'''NOTE''': this page is for holding the reference markup from [[citation-examples]]. To add to these pages, paste the markup here then do the analysis over on [[citation-examples]].

See also:
* [[citation-examples]]
* [[citation]]
* [[citation-formats]]
* [[citation-brainstorming]]

__TOC__

== Contributors ==
* ...
* ...
* Tantek Çelik
* [http://michael-mccracken.net/wp/ Michael McCracken]
* [http://inkdroid.org Ed Summers]
* Tim White

== Citation Mark Up in the Wild ==
Mark up examples from reference publisher's websites (online catalogs), including ABC-CLIO, Greenwood Press, Marshall Cavendish, Oxford University Press (USA) and Thomson Gale. Examples are broken down and organized by element.

(For a cleaner version, see [http://www.tjameswhite.com/citation-examples.htm])

=== Google ===
from google cache
<pre><nowiki>
<font face=arial,sans-serif color=black size=-1>This is <b><font
color=#0039b6>G</font> <font color=#c41200>o</font> <font
color=#f3c518>o</font> <font color=#0039b6>g</font> <font
color=#30a72f>l</font> <font color=#c41200>e</font></b>'s <a
href="http://www.google.com/intl/en/help/features.html#cached"><font
color=blue>cache</font></a> of <A
HREF="http://direct.sref.org/1680-7375/acpd/2006-6-9723"><font
color=blue>http://direct.sref.org/1680-7375/acpd/2006-6-9723</font></a> as
retrieved on Oct 10, 2006 18:34:10 GMT.<br>
</nowiki></pre>

=== Wikipedia ===
from Wikipedia
<pre><nowiki>
<li id="_note-2"><b><a href="#_ref-2" title="">^</a></b> <a
href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/msdnmag/issues/04/08/CuttingEdge/"
class="external text"
title="http://msdn.microsoft.com/msdnmag/issues/04/08/CuttingEdge/">Cutting
Edge: Script Callbacks in ASP.NET</a>. <a href="/wiki/MSDN"
title="MSDN">MSDN</a> Magazine (2004-08-08). Retrieved on <a
href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>-<a href="/wiki/August_1"
title="August 1">08-01</a>.</li>
</nowiki></pre>
or
<pre><nowiki>
<li id="_note-0"><b><a href="#_ref-0" title="">^</a></b> "<a
href="http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts1998/98037--b.htm#1" class="external
text" title="http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts1998/98037--b.htm#1">s1(1)
Crime and Disorder Act 1998</a>", Office of Public Sector Information. URL
accessed on 18 June 2006.</li>
</nowiki></pre>

=== CiteSeer ===
[http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/context/1700402/0 uses Accessed On both in the <HEAD> and in the] <BODY>:
<pre><nowiki>
<head>
<title>Citations: html accessed on the 29th of October - Trec, August, trec,
gov (ResearchIndex)</title>
<meta name="keywords" content="TREC, \Trec overview, August 2000.
http://trec.nist.gov/overview.html accessed on the 29th of October, 2000.">
<meta name="description" content="TREC, \Trec overview, August 2000.
http://trec.nist.gov/overview.html accessed on the 29th of October, 2000.">
</head>
</nowiki></pre>
and
<pre><nowiki>
<span class=h> <b>TREC. Trec overview, August 2000.
http://trec.nist.gov/overview. <i>html accessed on the 29th of October</i>,
2000.</b>
</nowiki></pre>

=== Ning.com ===
[http://girlongirl.ning.com/detail.php?DetailID=258667 Ning.com's Girl-on-Girl page for Scarlett Johanson]
<pre><nowiki>
<h2>References</h2>

<b>^</b> Neil Young's Film Lounge.
Peter Webber on Girl with a Pearl Earring. Retrieved on April 12, 2006.</li>
<b>^</b> The Jewish Forward. The Scarlett Grandma. Retrieved on April
12, 2006.</li>
<b>^</b> MSNBC. Scarlett Johansson escapes Cruise's clutches. Retrieved on
July 18, 2006.</li>
<b>^</b> MovieWeb. Scarlett Johansson Is The Other Boleyn Girl. Retrieved on
July 18, 2006.</li>
<b>^</b> Life Style Extra. Scarlett Johansson to star in Dallas. Retrieved
on July
23, 2006.</li>

<b>^</b> ScarlettFan. 21 Jul 2006 - Dallas Movie and Reebok. Retrieved on
July
23, 2006.</li>
<b>^</b> IMDB News. Johansson: Because I'm Worth It. Retrieved on July 18,
2006.</li>
<b>^</b> Maxim's 2006 Top 100</li>
<b>^</b> BusinessWire. Reebok Partners with Screen Star Scarlett Johansson
to Create Red-Hot Fashion
Collection, Scarlett Hearts Rbk. Retrieved on July 25, 2006.</li>
<b>^</b> ContactMusic. JOHANSSON: AMERICANS DISAPPOINTED BY BUSH'S
RE-ELECTION. Retrieved on
July 18, 2006.</li>

<b>^</b> Reuters. Could Scarlett Johansson be Woody's next muse?. Retrieved
on
July 25, 2006.</li>
<b>^</b> TheObserver.
Retrieved on August 09, 2006.</li>
<b>^</b> BangItOut. Match Point (2005). Retrieved on July 18,
2006.</li>
<b>^</b> FemaleFirst. Scarlett Johansson
slams God acceptance speechs. Retrieved on July 18, 2006.</li>
<b>^</b> ContactMusic. JOHANSSON'S BIZARRE RELIGIOUS MOMENT. Retrieved on
July
18, 2006.</li>
</ol>
</nowiki></pre>

=== University of Virginia ===
[http://www.virginia.edu/vpfa/ref-alphabetical.html University of Virginia]
<pre><nowiki>
<P>American Council on Education and American Association of University
Professors. 2000. <I>Does Diversity Make a Difference? Three Research
Studies on Diversity in College Classrooms</I>. Executive
Summary. Washington, D.C. Retrieved on November 28, 2004 from
<A
HREF="http://www.aaup.org/Issues/AffirmativeAction/Archives/2000/DIVSUMY.PDF
">http://www.aaup.org/<BR>

Issues/AffirmativeAction/Archives/2000/DIVSUMY.PDF</A>. [Question 3]

<P>Affirmative Action Office, Pennsylvania State University. <I>Getting
Different Results: Affirmative Action Guidelines for Searches to
Achieve Diversity</I>. University Park, PA. Retrieved on November 11, 2004
from
<A
HREF="http://www.psu.edu/dept/aaoffice/GettingResults/index.htm">http://www.
psu.edu/dept/aaoffice/GettingResults/index.htm</A>. [Question 6]

<P>American Association of University Professors. 1973. <I>Diversity &
Affirmative Action in Higher Education:
A Report by the Council Committee on Discrimination</I>. Washington, DC.
Retrieved on December 9, 2004 from
<A
HREF="http://www.aaup.org/Issues/AffirmativeAction/Archives/pre1996/AARDAFHE
.HTM">http://www.aaup.org/<BR>
Issues/AffirmativeAction/Archives/pre1996/AARDAFHE.HTM</A> [Question 6]

<P>Bingham McCutcheon LLP, Morrison & Foerster LLP, and Heller Erhman White
& McAuliffe LLP. <I>Preserving Diversity in Higher
Education: A Manual on Admissions Policies and Procedures After the
University of Michigan Decisions</I>.
Retrieved on January 6, 2005 from

<A
HREF="http://www.equaljusticesociety.org/compliancemanual/Preserving_Diversi
ty_In_Higher_Education.pdf">http://www.equaljusticesociety.org/<BR>
compliancemanual/Preserving_Diversity_In_Higher_Education.pdf</A>
</nowiki></pre>

=== Greenwood Press home page featured book ===
from [http://www.greenwood.com/ home page]

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="title"> <a href="/books/BookDetail.asp?sku=GR2847">The Greenwood Encyclopedia of World Folklore
and Folklife</a> </div>
<div class="img_box"> <a href="/books/BookDetail.asp?sku=GR2847">
<img src="/_net.templates/showImage.aspx?imgName=0313328471.jpg&s=140" alt="The Greenwood Encyclopedia
of World Folklore and Folklife" border="0" /></a> </div>
<div class="sub_title">Four Volumes</div>
<div class="author">William M. Clements</div>
<div class="isbn">0-313-32847-1</div>
<div class="price">$449.95 <span class="pipe">|</span> £255.00</div>

<div class="bookDescription"> China . . . Malta . . . Madagascar . . . Wales . . . and Texas: these are
among the many exotic, distant lands that capture our minds and imaginations. In an era of increasing
globalization, students, general readers, and business professionals need to know about...
<a href="/books/BookDetail.asp?sku=GR2847">Read more</a> </div>
</div></nowiki>
</pre>

=== Greenwood Press Product detail page ===
[http://www.greenwood.com/catalog/GR2847.aspx Product detail page] ===
<pre>
<div id="pnlContent" class="pnlContent">
<div id="pnlFlyerBox" class="flyerBox">
<a id="hlFlyer" class="flyerLink" href="/books/printFlyer.aspx?sku=GR2847" target="_blank">Print
book flyer</a> <br />
<a id="hlFlyerInternational" class="international_flyer"
href="/books/printFlyer.aspx?sku=GR2847&location=international" ...>(International version)</a>
</div>
<span id="lblTitle" class="book_headline block">The Greenwood Encyclopedia of World Folklore and Folklife</span>
<span id="lblSubTitle" class="book_subline">Four Volumes</span>
<div id="pnlBookDetails" class="detailsBox">
<div id="pnlImgBox" class="imgBox">
<img src="/_net.templates/showImage.aspx?imgName=0313328471.jpg&s=135" alt="" border="0" />
</div>
<a id="hlAddToCart" title="Add this item to your shopping cart" href="/shopping_cart/?sku=GR2847">
<img title="Add this item to your shopping cart"
src="/_net.templates/roundedButton.aspx?ButtonText=Add to Cart" alt="" border="0" />
</a>
<a id="hlAddToWishList" title="Save this item to your wish list" href="/wish_list/?sku=GR2847">
<img title="Save this item to your wish list"
src="/_net.templates/roundedButton.aspx?ButtonText=Add to Wish List".../>
</a>
<a id="hlSharePage" title="Email this page to a friend" href="/books/sendform.asp?sku=GR2847"...>
<img title="Email this page to a friend" src="/_net.templates/roundedButton.aspx?ButtonText=Email".../>
</a>
<a id="hlPrintPage" title="Version of this page optimized for printing" href="/catalog/GR2847.aspx?print=1" ...>
<img title="Version of this page optimized for printing" src="/_net.templates/roundedButton.aspx?ButtonText=Print".../>
</a>
<a id="hlWorldCat" href="http://worldcatlibraries.org/wcpa/isbn/0313328471"...>
<img src="/images/world_catalog.gif".../>
</a>
<div class="authors"><span><a href="/catalog/author/C/229.aspx">William M. Clements</a> (ed.)</span></div>
<span id="lblAuthorsNote" class="block"></span>
<div><span class="book_options">Book Code:</span> <span id="lblBookCode">GR2847</span></div>
<div id="pnlIsbn"> <span class="book_options">ISBN:</span> <span id="lblIsbn">0-313-32847-1</span> </div>
<div id="pnlPageColation"> 1972 pages, maps; photos </div>
<span id="lblImprint" class="block">Greenwood Press</span>
<div id="pnlPubDate">
<span class="book_options">Publication Date:</span> <span id="lblPubDate">12/30/2005</span>
</div>
<div id="pnlListPrice">
<span class="book_options">List Price:</span>
<span id="lblListPrice">$449.95</span>
(<a href="/contactus/order_info.asp?SectionID=about&Location=order_info#UKEME"
title="Click for international ordering information">UK Sterling Price: £255.00</a>)
</div>
<div id="pnlAvailability">
<span class="book_options">Availability:</span> <span id="lblAvailability">In Stock</span>
</div>
<div id="pnlMediaType"> <span class="book_options">Media Type:</span> <span id="lblMediaType">Hardcover</span> </div>
<div class="clearing"></div>
</div>
<div id="pnlBookInformation"> <span class="book_options">Subjects:</span>
<ul class="toc">
<li>
<a id="rpCategories__ctl1_hlCategory" href="/catalog/subject/Anthropology.aspx">Anthropology</a> »
<a id="rpCategories__ctl1_hlSubCategory" href="/catalog/subject/Anthropology/Folklore.aspx">Folklore</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="rpCategories__ctl2_hlCategory" href="/catalog/subject/Anthropology.aspx">Anthropology</a> »
<a id="rpCategories__ctl2_hlSubCategory" href="/catalog/subject/Anthropology/Anthropology%2b(General).aspx">
Anthropology (General)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a id="rpCategories__ctl3_hlCategory" href="/catalog/subject/Anthropology.aspx">Anthropology</a> »
<a id="rpCategories__ctl3_hlSubCategory" href="/catalog/subject/Anthropology/Cultural%2bAnthropology.aspx">Cultural Anthropology</a>
</li>
<li> <a id="rpCategories__ctl4_hlCategory" href="/catalog/subject/History.aspx">History</a> »
<a id="rpCategories__ctl4_hlSubCategory" href="/catalog/subject/History/World%2bHistory%2b(General).aspx">
World History (General)</a> </li>
</ul>
<div id="pnlDescription">
<span class="book_options">Description:</span>
<span id="lblDescription1" class="description block">
China . . . Malta . . . Madagascar . . . Wales . . . and Texas: these are among the many exotic,
distant lands that capture our minds and imaginations. In an era of increasing globalization,
students, general readers, and business professionals need to know about the world and its varied
ways. So too, a knowledge of world cultures is fundamental to an understanding of America's ethnically
rich society. Folklore isn't just about the long ago and far away. It's about the here and now, and
there's no better way to learn about cultural diversity than to study the folklore and folkways of
different ethnic groups. <br />
More than just Cinderella and other fairy tales, folklore encompasses the whole realm of traditional
beliefs and activities that define a culture. The most comprehensive work of its kind, this massive
encyclopedia engagingly and authoritatively surveys folklife and traditions from around the world. Through its
vast scope and lengthy entries, it transcends other references on particular national or regional
folklores and is the most ambitious undertaking of its type. Organized in four volumes, the encyclopedia
provides convenient access to information about folklore generally and to the traditions of particular
regions:<br />
Volume 1: Topics and Themes, Africa, Australia and Oceania<br />
Volume 2: Southeast Asia and India, Central and East Asia, Middle East<br />
Volume 3: Europe<br />
Volume 4: North and South America</span> <span id="lblDescription2" class="description block">Along
with the expertise of the contributors, of Volume Editor William M. Clements, and of Advisory Editor
Thomas A. Green, the encyclopedia draws upon a distinguished board of internationally recognized scholars,
including:<br />
<li> Roger D. Abrahams<br />
</li>
<li> Cristina Bacchilega<br />
</li>
<li> Gillian Bennett<br />
</li>
<li> Mary Ellen Brown<br />
</li>
<li> James R. Dow<br />
</li>
<li> Alessandro Falassi<br />
</li>
<li> Barbro Klein<br />
</li>
<li> Peter Knecht<br />
</li>
<li> Natalie Kononenko<br />
</li>
<li> Frances M. Malpezzi<br />
</li>
<li> Margaret Mills<br />
</li>
<li> M. D. Muthukumaraswamy<br />
</li>
<li> Gerald Pocius<br />
</li>
<li> And John S. Ryan.<br />
<br />
<b>Features:</b><br />
</li>
<li> Brings together the knowledge of more than 200 specialists from around the world.<br />
</li>
<li> Provides 39 extended entries on topics central to world folklore.<br />
</li>
<li> Details the folklore and folkways of roughly 170 cultural groups.<br />
</li>
<li> Entries discuss the background, beliefs, oral and theatrical traditions, arts and crafts, and contemporary concerns
of each cultural group.<br />
</li>
<li> Each entry cites numerous works for further reading.<br />
</li>
<li> A generous selection of maps and illustrations makes world folklore come to life.<br />
</li>
<li> A list of entries and a cumulative subject index, repeated in each volume, offer convenient access to the vast body of
information contained in the encyclopedia.<br />
</li>
<li> A selected, general bibliography directs students and general readers to the most important broad studies of world
folklore.<br />
</li>
<li> A glossary defines key terms, theories, and concepts.<br />
<br />
<b>Benefits:</b><br />
</li>
<li> Helps students learn about cultures, customs, and daily life around the world.<br />
</li>
<li> Fosters respect and appreciation for the many ethnic traditions behind contemporary American culture.<br />
</li>
<li> Provides valuable background information for the study of world religions, holidays, and festivals.<br />
</li>
<li> Offers a valuable context for understanding world history, politics, literature, and the arts.<br />
</li>
<li> Invites students to compare and contrast the values and experiences of different cultures.<br />
</li>
<li> Fosters critical reading skills and serves as a model for student research.<br />
<br />
<b>Volume 1: Topics and Themes, Africa, Australia and Oceania</b><br />
Certain themes and topics are central to world foklore. The thematic essays in this volume discuss such matters as:<br />
</li>
<li> Antiquarianism<br />
</li>
<li> Cultural Evolution<br />
</li>
<li> Ethnopoetics<br />
</li>
<li> Gender<br />
</li>
<li> Invented Tradition<br />
</li>
<li> Nativism<br />
</li>
<li> Primitivism<br />
</li>
<li> Public Folklore<br />
</li>
<li> Race<br />
</li>
<li> Trickster<br />
</li>
<li> And many more.<br />
<br />
<b>Volume 2: Southeast Asia and India, Central and East Asia, Middle East</b><br />
Included in this volume are entries on such cultural groups and regions as:<br />
</li>
<li> Bali<br />
</li>
<li> China<br />
</li>
<li> Duna<br />
</li>
<li> Iban<br />
</li>
<li> Kazakh<br />
</li>
<li> Mongol<br />
</li>
<li> Orissa<br />
</li>
<li> Palestine<br />
</li>
<li> Tonga<br />
</li>
<li> Uyghur<br />
</li>
<li> And many others.<br />
<br />
<b>Volume 3: Europe</b><br />
Included in this volume are entries on the folklore of such cultural regions and groups as:<br />
</li>
<li> Ashkenazim<br />
</li>
<li> Basque<br />
</li>
<li> Brittany<br />
</li>
<li> Flanders<br />
</li>
<li> Germany<br />
</li>
<li> Isle of Man<br />
</li>
<li> Roma<br />
</li>
<li> Russia<br />
</li>
<li> Sami<br />
</li>
<li> Ukraine<br />
</li>
<li> And many more.<br />
<br />
<b>Volume 4: North and South America</b><br />
The entries in this volume explore the folk traditions of such regions and groups as:<br />
</li>
<li> Appalachia<br />
</li>
<li> Choctaw<br />
</li>
<li> Haiti<br />
</li>
<li> Island Carib<br />
</li>
<li> Maya<br />
</li>
<li> Quechua<br />
</li>
<li> Seminole<br />
</li>
<li> Western Inuit and Yupik<br />
</li>
<li> Xavante<br />
</li>
<li> Yanomami<br />
</li>
<li> And many more.<br />
<br />
Because folklore is the essence of daily life, this encyclopedia addresses the curriculum needs of high school students and is
also an indispensable resource for teachers. In addition, anyone researching folklore in a public library will find this the first
place to look for detailed information about cultural traditions around the world.</li>
</span> </div>
<div id="pnlLCCardNumber" class="description"> <span class="book_options">LC Card Number:</span> <span id="lblLCCardNumber">2005019219</span></div>
<div id="pnlLCCClass" class="description"> <span class="book_options">LCC Class:</span> <span id="lblLCCClass">GR35 </span> </div>
<div id="pnlDeweyClass" class="description"> <span class="book_options">Dewey Class:</span> <span id="lblDeweyClass">398</span> </div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</pre>

=== Marshall Cavendish product page ===
[http://www.marshallcavendish.com/marshallcavendish/academic/redirector.xml?url=/marshallcavendish/academic/catalogue/books/regionalism_n_regional_security/9812102108.xml original]

<pre>
<table cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr valign="top">
<td><font id="title_catalogue_font"><b>Regionalism & Regional Security</b></font></td>
</tr>
</table>
<font id="text">
<div style="" align="">
<table cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%"><font id="title_catalogue_title_font">ISBN Number</font></td>
<td width="65%"><font id="text">9812102108</font></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%"><font id="title_catalogue_title_font">Series</font></td>
<td width="65%"><font id="text">null</font></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%"><font id="title_catalogue_title_font">Title</font></td>
<td width="65%"><font id="text">The New Terrorism: Anatomy, Trends and Counter-strategies</font></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%"><font id="title_catalogue_title_font">Imprint</font></td>
<td width="65%"><font id="text">Eastern Universities Press</font></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%"><font id="title_catalogue_title_font">Specifications</font></td>
<td width="65%"><font id="text">152 mm X 227 mm, 368 pp, limp with flaps, 500 gms</font></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%"><font id="title_catalogue_title_font">Authors</font></td>
<td width="65%"><font id="text">Andrew Tan & Kumar Ramakrishna (eds)</font></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%"><font id="title_catalogue_title_font">Target Audience</font></td>
<td width="65%"><font id="text">University lecturers/researchers, undergraduate students, academicians and those interested in Regional Security Studies.</font></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%"><font id="title_catalogue_title_font">Price (SG)</font></td>
<td width="65%"><font id="text">S$ 39.00</font></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table cellpadding="2" width="100%">
<tr valign="top">
<td width="35%"><font id="title_catalogue_title_font">Price (US)</font></td>
<td width="65%"><font id="text">US$ 30.00</font>   <a href="javascript: addToCart()"><img src="/marshallcavendish/components/db_content/MC_AC_redirector/pic/addCart.gif" border="0"/></a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<br/>
<br/>
The terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 on the World Trade Centre in New York and the Pentagon in Washington represented a true watershed in world history.<br/>
<br/>
The attacks revealed the horrifying nature of the so-called "new terrorism" that has emerged in the post-Cold War era. The new terrorism is defined by four key features:</div>
</font>
<ul>
<li>
<p align="justify"><font id="text">sheer lethality</font></p>
</li>
<li>
<p align="justify"><font id="text">religious dimension</font></p>
</li>
<li>
<p align="justify"><font id="text">networked organizational structure</font></p>
</li>
<li>
<p align="justify"><font id="text">greatly enhanced striking power   </font></p>
</li>
</ul>
<font id="text">
<div style="" align="">As September 11 clearly demonstrated, the new terrorists can leverage on technology to inflict catastrophic damage even on superpowers, let alone other states.<br/>
<br/>
To examine the new dimensions of terrorism, a conference was organized in Singapore in late March 2002 that brought together a number of leading experts from a wide range of backgrounds from America, Europe and Asia, and the key findings are presented in this volume under the following headings:</div>
</font>
<ul>
<li>
<p align="justify"><font id="text">Anatomy of the new terrorism</font></p>
</li>
<li>
<p align="justify"><font id="text">Terrorist trends and patterns in the Asia-Pacific region</font></p>
</li>
<li>
<p align="justify"><font id="text">Religion and terrorism: Southeast Asian perspectives</font></p>
</li>
<li>
<p align="justify"><font id="text">Formulating counter-strategies   </font></p>
</li>
</ul>
<font id="text">
<div style="" align=""> <span style="font-weight: bold;"> <b> About the Author: </b> </span> <br/>
Both Andrew Tan and Kumar Ramakrishna are Assistant Professors at the Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.<br/>
Andrew Tan received his M.Phil from Cambridge and PhD from the University of Sydney. His research interests are conflict (inter-state tensions, insurgencies, terrorism and force modernization) in Southeast Asia, and security issues in Asia.<br/>
Kumar Ramakrishna obtained his PhD in History from the University of London in 1999. He teaches and writes on the history of strategic thought as well as the war on terror.</div>
</font>
<td width="18.666662" style="valign: top; background-color: white ; " rowspan="1" colspan="1"><br/>
</td>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="570.666524" style="valign: top; background-color: white ; " rowspan="1" colspan="1"><br/>
</td>
<td width="18.666662" style="valign: top; background-color: white ; " rowspan="1" colspan="1"><br/>
</td>
</tr>
</div>
</pre>

=== Oxford University Press (USA) homepage ===
[http://www.us.oup.com/us/?view=usa original]

<pre>
<div class="isbnSummaryDetails">
<h2> <a href="/us/catalog/general/subject/HistoryAmerican/ColonialRevolutionary/?view=usa&ci=0195162471">The Glorious Cause</a> </h2>
<div class="subTitle"> The American Revolution, 1763-1789 </div>
<div class="edition"> Revised and Expanded Edition </div>
<div class="byline"> Robert Middlekauff </div>
<span class="isbnNumber">0195162471</span>, <span class="format">hardback</span>, <span class="publicationDate"> Feb 2005 </span> <span class="price"> $37.50 </span> <span class="description"> The classic history of the American Revolution--now in an updated and expanded twentieth anniversary edition </span>
<div class="related">
<h3>More </h3>

<a href="/us/catalog/general/subject/HistoryAmerican/?view=usa&sf=all">History, American</a> > <a href="/us/catalog/general/subject/HistoryAmerican/ColonialRevolutionary/?view=usa&sf=all">Colonial & Revolutionary</a> </div>
</div>

</div>
</pre>

=== Oxford University Press (USA) Product page ===
[http://www.us.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/HistoryAmerican/ColonialRevolutionary/?view=usa&ci=0195162471#Product_Details original]

<pre>
<div class="isbnProperties isbnSummary">
<div class="isbnSummaryHeading">
<h1>The Glorious Cause</h1>
<div class="subTitle"> The American Revolution, 1763-1789 </div>
<div class="edition"> Revised and Expanded Edition </div>
<div class="byline"> Robert Middlekauff </div>
</div>

<div class="cover"> <span class="bookShot"><a href="#"><img src="/images/covers/0195162471.jpg"
... alt="bookshot" /> </a></span> <span class="addToCart"><a href="http://www.us.oup.com/us/cart/cart.jsp?op=a&i=0195162471&c=85&q=1&r=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.us.oup.com%2Fus%2Fcatalog%2Fgeneral%2Fsubject%2FHistoryAmerican%2FColonialRevolutionary%2F%3Fview%3Dusa%26ci%3D0195162471">Add to Cart</a></span> </div>

<div class="isbnSummaryDetails"> <span class="isbnNumber">0195162471</span>, <span class="format">hardback</span>, <span class="pages"> 760 pages </span>
<div id="generalinfo"> <span class="publicationDate">Feb 2005, </span> <span class="availability"> In Stock </span> </div>
<div class="cost">
<h2>Price:</h2>
$37.50 <span class="discountCode">(02)</span> </div>
<div class="shipping"> <a href="/us/assets/shippingInfo.jsp?si=1.5&so=3.75&sc=0&isi=5&iso=5&isc=0" target="_blank" onclick="window.open(this.href, this.target, 'height=445,width=445,scrollbars');
return false;">Shipping Details</a> </div>
<div class="moreSeries redArrow">
<h3>See more from the series</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="/us/catalog/general/series/OxfordHistoryoftheUnitedStates/?view=usa">Oxford History of the United States, Vol. 3</a></li>
</ul>
</div>

</div>

</div>
</div>
</pre>

=== Thomson Gale product detail page ===
<pre>
<div id =" title_main">

<h2>Contemporary Literary Criticism</h2>

<div id =" credits">
<ul>
<li><h2>Excerpts from Criticism of the Works of Today's Novelists, Poets, Playwrights, Short Story Writers, Scriptwriters, & Other Creative Writers</h2>
Volume 1</li>

<li><i>Published by Thomson Gale</i></li>
</ul>
</div>

<div id =" description">
<p>Each print volume in this long-standing series profiles approximately 6-8 novelists, poets, playwrights and other creative writers by providing full-text or excerpted criticism taken from books, magazines, literary reviews, newspapers and scholarly journals. Among those profiled in this volume are:</p>
<ul>
<li>Kingsley Amis
<li>John Dos Passos
<li>Hermann Hesse
<li>Ezra Pound
</ul>
</div>

<div id =" detail">
<ul>
<li>Published/Released:<strong> March 1973</strong></li>
<li>ISBN: <strong>0-8103-0100-8</strong></li>
<li>Product number: <strong>001415</strong></li>
<li>Page count: <strong>485 pp./vol.</strong></li>
<li>Shipping Weight: <strong>5.00 lbs (2.27 kgs)</strong></li>
</ul>
</div> 

<div id =" price">
<P>Price: US $205.00</p>
</div>

</div>
</div>
</pre>

=== Wolfram Mathworld ===

<pre><nowiki>
<p class="Reference">
Drmota, M. and Tichy, R. F. <i><a href="..." class="Hyperlink">Sequences, Discrepancies and Applications.</a></i> New York: Springer-Verlag,
1997.
</p>
</nowiki></pre>

== Breakdown of Citation Elements ==

Using the above examples, various parts of the citations (titles, authors, etc.) can be grouped together for comparision:

=== Book titles: ===
<pre>
<span id="title" class="producttitle">The 1920's</span>
(ABC-CLIO product detail page)

<div class="title"> <a href="...">The Greenwood Encyclopedia of World Folklore and Folklife</a> </div>
(Greenwood Press homepage)

<span id="lblTitle" class="book_headline block">The Greenwood Encyclopedia of World Folklore and Folklife</span>
(Greenwood Press product detail page)

<td width="35%"><font id="title_catalogue_title_font">Title</font></td>
<td width="65%"><font id="text">The New Terrorism: Anatomy, Trends and Counter-strategies</font></td>
(Marshall Cavendish product detail page)

<h2> <a href="...">The Glorious Cause</a> </h2>
(Oxford Univ. Press, homepage)

<h1>The Glorious Cause</h1>
(OUP, product detail page)

<h2>Contemporary Literary Criticism</h2>
(Thomson Gale, product detail page)

<span id="ctlBookDetailHeader_lblTitle" class="ProdTitle">Talk and Interaction in Social Research Methods</span> (SAGE Publications)
</pre>
Also, many examples where books presented in table format with Title as cell header, or presented "Title: "

=== Book Series Name: ===
<pre>
<span id="serieslbl" class="productsubtitle"><a href="...">Teaching With Documents Series</a></span>
(ABC-CLIO)
</pre>

=== Sub-title: ===
<pre>
<span id="subtitle" class="productsubtitle"></span>
(ABC-CLIO)

<div class="sub_title">[Four Volumes]</div>
(Greenwood, homepage)

<span id="lblSubTitle" class="book_subline">[Four Volumes]</span>
(Greenwood, product page)

<div class="subTitle"> The American Revolution, 1763-1789 </div>
(OUP)
</pre>

=== Author: ===
<pre>
<span id="credit" class="productauthor"></span>
(ABC-CLIO)

<div class="author">William M. Clements</div>
(Greenwood)

<td width="35%"><font id="title_catalogue_title_font">Authors</font></td>
<td width="65%"><font id="text">Andrew Tan & Kumar Ramakrishna (eds)</font></td>
(Marshall Cavendish)

<div class="byline"> Robert Middlekauff </div>
(OUP)
</pre>

=== Publication Date: ===
<pre>
<span id="pubdate" class="productdetailbody">11/2001</span>
(ABC-CLIO -- see table structure)

<div id="pnlPubDate"> <span class="book_options">Publication Date:</span> <span id="lblPubDate">12/30/2005</span> </div>
(Greenwood, detail page)

<span class="publicationDate"> Feb 2005 </span>
(OUP)

<li>Published/Released:<strong> March 1973</strong></li>
(Thomson Gale)
</pre>

=== Volumes: ===
<pre>
<td ... class="productdetailhead"><span id="volumeslabel" class="productdetailhead">Volumes</span></td>
<td ... class="productdetailbody"><span id="volumes" class="productdetailbody">1</span></td>
(ABC-CLIO)
</pre>

=== ISBN: ===
<pre>
<td class="productdetailhead" ...><span id="ISBNLabel">ISBN</span></td>
<td class="productdetailbody">1-57607-785-3</td>
(ABC-CLIO)

<div class="isbn">0-313-32847-1</div>
(Greenwood, homepage)

<div id="pnlIsbn"> <span class="book_options">ISBN:</span> <span id="lblIsbn">0-313-32847-1</span> </div>
(Greenwood, product page)

<td width="35%"><font id="title_catalogue_title_font">ISBN Number</font></td>
<td width="65%"><font id="text">9812102108</font></td>
(Marshall Cavendish)

<span class="isbnNumber">0195162471</span>
(OUP)

<li>ISBN: <strong>0-8103-0100-8</strong></li>
(Thomson Gale)
</pre>

=== Book Edition: ===
<pre>
<div class="edition"> Revised and Expanded Edition </div>
(OUP)
</pre>
Added by [[User:Tim White|Tim]]

== RFC vCard Example ==
<pre><nowiki>
9. References

[ISO 8601] ISO 8601:1988 - Data elements and interchange formats -
Information interchange - Representation of dates and
times - The International Organization for
Standardization, June, 1988.

[ISO 8601 TC] ISO 8601, Technical Corrigendum 1 - Data elements and
interchange formats - Information interchange -
Representation of dates and times - The International
Organization for Standardization, May, 1991.

[ISO 9070] ISO 9070, Information Processing - SGML support
facilities - Registration Procedures for Public Text
Owner Identifiers, April, 1991.

[CCITT E.163] Recommendation E.163 - Numbering Plan for The
International Telephone Service, CCITT Blue Book,
Fascicle II.2, pp. 128-134, November, 1988.

[CCITT X.121] Recommendation X.121 - International Numbering Plan for
Public Data Networks, CCITT Blue Book, Fascicle VIII.3,
pp. 317-332, November, 1988.

[CCITT X.520] Recommendation X.520 - The Directory - Selected
Attribute Types, November 1988.

[CCITT X.521] Recommendation X.521 - The Directory - Selected Object
Classes, November 1988.

[MIME-DIR] Howes, T., Smith, M., and F. Dawson, "A MIME Content-
Type for Directory Information", RFC 2425, September
1998.

[RFC 1738] Berners-Lee, T., Masinter, L., and M. McCahill,
"Uniform Resource Locators (URL)", RFC 1738, December
1994.

[RFC 1766] Alvestrand, H., "Tags for the Identification of
Languages", RFC 1766, March 1995.

[RFC 1872] Levinson, E., "The MIME Multipart/Related Content-
type", RFC 1872, December 1995.

[RFC 2045] Freed, N., and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet
Mail Extensions (MIME) - Part One: Format of Internet
Message Bodies", RFC 2045, November 1996.

[RFC 2046] Freed, N., and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet
Mail Extensions (MIME) - Part Two: Media Types", RFC
2046, November 1996.

[RFC 2047] Moore, K., "Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
(MIME) - Part Three: Message Header Extensions for
Non-ASCII Text", RFC 2047, November 1996.

[RFC 2048] Freed, N., Klensin, J., and J. Postel, "Multipurpose
Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) - Part Four:
Registration Procedures", RFC 2048, January 1997.

[RFC 2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[RFC 2234] Crocker, D., and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax
Specifications: ABNF", RFC 2234, November 1997.

[UNICODE] "The Unicode Standard - Version 2.0", The Unicode
Consortium, July 1996.

[VCARD] Internet Mail Consortium, "vCard - The Electronic
Business Card Version 2.1",
http://www.imc.org/pdi/vcard-21.txt, September 18,
1996.
</nowiki></pre>
[http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2426.html vCard RFC]

== W3C XHTML Spec Example ==
<pre><nowiki>
<h1><a name="refs" id="refs">E.</a> References</h1>

<p><strong>This appendix is informative.</strong></p>

<dl>
<dt><a name="ref-css2" id="ref-css2"><strong>[CSS2]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-CSS2-19980512">Cascading Style Sheets, level 2 (CSS2) Specification</a></cite>", B. Bos, H. W. Lie, C. Lilley, I. Jacobs, 12 May 1998.<br />
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-CSS2">Latest version</a> available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-CSS2</dd>

<dt><a name="ref-dom" id="ref-dom"><strong>[DOM]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/REC-DOM-Level-1-19981001">Document Object Model (DOM) Level 1 Specification</a></cite>", Lauren Wood <em lang="lt" xml:lang="lt">et al.</em>, 1 October
1998.<br />
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1">Latest version</a> available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1</dd>

<dt><a name="ref-dom2" id="ref-dom2"><strong>[DOM2]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-DOM-Level-2-Core-20001113">Document Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Core Specification</a></cite>", A. Le Hors, <em lang="lt" xml:lang="lt">et
al.</em>, 13 November 2000.<br />
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Core">Latest version</a> available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Core</dd>

<dt><a name="ref-html4" id="ref-html4"><strong>[HTML]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-html401-19991224">HTML 4.01 Specification</a></cite>", D. Raggett, A. Le Hors, I. Jacobs, 24 December 1999.<br />
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html401">Latest version</a> available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/html401</dd>

<dt><a name="ref-posix.1" id="ref-posix.1"><strong>[POSIX.1]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<cite>ISO/IEC 9945-1:1990 Information Technology - Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) - Part 1: System Application Program Interface (API) [C Language]</cite>", Institute of Electrical
and Electronics Engineers, Inc, 1990.</dd>

<dt><a id="ref-rfc2045" name="ref-rfc2045"><strong>[RFC2045]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<cite><a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2045.txt">Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies</a></cite>", N. Freed and N. Borenstein, November
1996. Note that this RFC obsoletes RFC1521, RFC1522, and RFC1590.</dd>

<dt><a name="ref-rfc2046" id="ref-rfc2046"><strong>[RFC2046]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<cite><a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt">RFC2046: Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types</a></cite>", N. Freed and N. Borenstein, November 1996.<br />
Available at <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2046.txt</a>. Note that this RFC obsoletes RFC1521, RFC1522, and RFC1590.</dd>

<dt><a name="ref-rfc2119" id="ref-rfc2119"><strong>[RFC2119]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<cite><a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt">RFC2119: Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels</a></cite>", S. Bradner, March 1997.<br />
Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt</dd>

<dt><a name="ref-rfc2376" id="ref-rfc2376"><strong>[RFC2376]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<cite><a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2376.txt">RFC2376: XML Media Types</a></cite>", E. Whitehead, M. Murata, July 1998.<br />
This document is obsoleted by [<a href="#ref-rfc3023">RFC3023</a>].<br />
Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2376.txt</dd>

<dt><a name="ref-rfc2396" id="ref-rfc2396"><strong>[RFC2396]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<cite><a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt">RFC2396: Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax</a></cite>", T. Berners-Lee, R. Fielding, L. Masinter, August 1998.<br />
This document updates RFC1738 and RFC1808.<br />
Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2396.txt</dd>

<dt><a name="ref-rfc2854" id="ref-rfc2854"><strong>[RFC2854]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<cite><a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2854.txt">RFC2854: The text/html Media Type</a></cite>", D. Conolly, L. Masinter, June 2000.<br />
Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2854.txt</dd>

<dt><a name="ref-rfc3023" id="ref-rfc3023"><strong>[RFC3023]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<cite><a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt">RFC3023: XML Media Types</a></cite>", M. Murata, S. St.Laurent, D. Kohn, January 2001.<br />
This document obsoletes [<a href="#ref-rfc2376">RFC2376</a>].<br />
Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3023.txt</dd>

<dt><a id="ref-rfc3066" name="ref-rfc3066"><strong>[RFC3066]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt">Tags for the Identification of Languages</a>", H. Alvestrand, January 2001.<br />
Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt</dd>

<dt><a id="ref-rfc3236" name="ref-rfc3236"><strong>[RFC3236]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3236.txt">The 'application/xhtml+xml' Media Type</a>", M. Baker, P. Stark, January 2002.<br />
Available at: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3236.txt</dd>

<dt><a id="ref-xhtml-mathml" name="ref-xhtml-mathml"><strong>[XHTML+MathML]</strong></a></dt>

<dd><cite>"<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/MathML2/dtd/xhtml-math11-f.dtd">XHTML plus Math 1.1 <abbr title="Document Type Definition">DTD</abbr></a></cite>", "A.2 MathML as a DTD Module", Mathematical
Markup Language (MathML) Version 2.0. Available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/MathML2/dtd/xhtml-math11-f.dtd</dd>

<dt><a id="ref-xhtmlmime" name="ref-xhtmlmime"><strong>[XHTMLMIME]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/NOTE-xhtml-media-types-20020801">XHTML Media Types</a></cite>", Masayasu Ishikawa, 1 August 2002.<br />
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-media-types">Latest version</a> available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-media-types</dd>

<dt><a id="ref-xhtmlmod" name="ref-xhtmlmod"><strong>[XHTMLMOD]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<cite><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xhtml-modularization-20010410">Modularization of XHTML</a></cite>", M. Altheim et al., 10 April 2001.<br />
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization">Latest version</a> available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization</dd>

<dt><a name="ref-xml" id="ref-xml"><strong>[XML]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-xml-20001006">Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 Specification (Second Edition)</a>", T. Bray, J. Paoli, C. M. Sperberg-McQueen, E. Maler, 6 October
2000.<br />
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml">Latest version</a> available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml</dd>

<dt><a name="ref-xmlns" id="ref-xmlns"><strong>[XMLNS]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xml-names-19990114">Namespaces in XML</a>", T. Bray, D. Hollander, A. Layman, 14 January 1999.<br />
XML namespaces provide a simple method for qualifying names used in XML documents by associating them with namespaces identified by URI.<br />
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names">Latest version</a> available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names</dd>

<dt><a name="ref-xmlc14n" id="ref-xmlc14n"><strong>[XMLC14N]</strong></a></dt>

<dd>"<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-xml-c14n-20010315">Canonical XML Version 1.0</a>", J. Boyer, 15 March 2001.<br />
This document describes a method for generating a physical representation, the canonical form, of an XML document.<br />
<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-c14n">Latest version</a> available at: http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-c14n</dd>
</dl>
</nowiki></pre>
[http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/#refs XHTML1.0 Spec references]

== CiteProc XHTML Output ==

The XHTML output for CiteProc[http://xbiblio.sourceforge.net/citeproc.html] wasn't designed per se as a microformat, but is probably not a bad place to start. It is desgined to handle a wide range of content. Here is the APA output:

<pre><nowiki>
<div id="bibliography">

<h3>References</h3>

<p id="Brenner2000a" class="bibref">
<span class="creator">Brenner, N.</span>
<span class="date"> (<span class="year">2000</span>) </span>
<span class="title">The Urban Question as a Scale Question: Reflections
on Henri Lefebre, Urban Theory and the Politics of Scale, </span>
<span class="container">
<span class="title" style="font-style: italic">International Journal of
Urban and Regional Research, </span>
<span class="volume">24</span>
<span class="issue">(2)</span>
<span class="locator">, pp. 361–78</span>
</span>.
</p>

<p id="NW2000-0207" class="bibref">
<span class="creator">Newsweek</span>
<span class="date">
(<span class="year">2000a</span>
<span class="month">, February</span>
<span class="day"> 7</span>)
</span>
<span class="title">The Grandmas Pay a Visit, </span>
<span class="container">
<span class="volume">135</span>
<span class="issue">(6)</span>
<span class="locator">, pp. 45</span>
</span>.
</p>

<p id="Veer1996a" class="bibref">
<span class="creator">van der Veer, P.</span>
<span class="date"><span class="year"> (1996) </span></span>
<span class="title">Riots and Rituals: The Construction of Violence
and Public Space in Hindu Nationalism</span>
<span class="container">, In Brass, P.<span class="role"> (Ed.)</span>.
<span class="title" style="font-style: italic">Riots and Pogroms.</span>
<span class="origin"><span class="place">New York</span>
<span class="publisher">: NYU Press</span></span>
<span class="locator">, pp. 154–76</span>
</span>.
</p>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

== ACM Digital Library Search Result Examples ==

The [http://www.acm.org/dl/ ACM Digital Library] is a heavily used computer science literature database.

First, the markup for one entry from the table of contents page for the ACM TACO (Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization) journal:

<pre>
<nowiki>
<td align="left" class="small-text">
<a href="citation.cfm?id=1113841.1113842&coll=portal&dl=ACM&idx=1113841&part=periodical&WantType=periodical&title=ACM%20Transactions%20on%20Architecture%20and%20Code%20Optimization%20%28TACO%29&CFID=68451946&CFTOKEN=20517650"class="medium-text" target="_self">
<strong>Improving WCET by applying a WC code-positioning optimization </strong>
</a>
<br>
Wankang Zhao, David Whalley, Christopher Healy, Frank Mueller
<br>
<small> Pages: 335 - 365</small>
<br>Full text available: <A HREF="ft_gateway.cfm?id=1113842&type=pdf&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=68451946&CFTOKEN=20517650" target="_blank"><img src="images/pdf_logo.gif" ... height="16" hspace="1" alt="pdf format" border="0" align="texttop">Pdf</A>(510 KB)

<div class="smaller-text"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellpadding="0"><tr valign="top"><td class="smaller-text" nowrap>Additional Information:</td>
<td class="smaller-text"><img src="img/doc_blank.gif" ... height="16" alt="" border="0" align="texttop">
<A HREF="citation.cfm?id=1113842&jmp=cit&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=68451946&CFTOKEN=20517650#CIT" target="_self">full citation</a>,
<A HREF="citation.cfm?id=1113842&jmp=abstract&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=68451946&CFTOKEN=20517650#abstract" target="_self">abstract</A>,
<A HREF="citation.cfm?id=1113842&jmp=references&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=68451946&CFTOKEN=20517650#references" target="_self"> references</A>,
<A HREF="citation.cfm?id=1113842&jmp=indexterms&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=68451946&CFTOKEN=20517650#indexterms" target="_self"> index terms</A></td></tr></table></div></td><td> </td></tr><tr><td> </td>
</nowiki>
</pre>

The markup for the 'full citation' page is similar, with a little more information about the authors.

Here's the markup from the 'ACM Ref' link, which apparently is how they suggest you format it:
<pre>
<nowiki>
Zhao, W., Whalley, D., Healy, C., and Mueller, F. 2005.
Improving WCET by applying a WC code-positioning optimization.
<i>ACM Trans. Archit. Code Optim.</i> 2, 4 (Dec. 2005), 335-365.
DOI= http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1113841.1113842
</nowiki>
</pre>

Next, markup from the page for a conference publication:

<pre><nowiki>
<td class="medium-text" colspan="3"><strong>Parallel Programmer Productivity</strong><strong>: A Case Study of Novice Parallel Programmers</strong></td>
<tr valign="top">
<td class="small-text"><strong>Full text</strong></td>
<td class="smaller-text" colspan="2" >
<A NAME="FullText" HREF="ft_gateway.cfm?id=1105800&type=pdf&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_blank"><img src="http://portal.acm.org/images/pdf_logo.gif" width="16" height="16" alt="pdf format" border="0" hspace="1" align="texttop">Pdf</A> (265 KB)

</td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td class="small-text"><strong>Source</strong></td>
<td class="small-text" colspan="2">
<SPAN class="mediumb-text">Conference on High Performance Networking and Computing</span>
<a href="toc.cfm?id=SERIES371&type=series&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" class="small-link-text">archive</a>
<SPAN class="mediumb-text">Proceedings of the 2005 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing </span>
<a href="toc.cfm?id=1105760&type=proceeding&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" class="small-link-text">table of contents</a><br>

<div class="small-text">
Page: 35  
</div>

<div class="small-text">
Year of Publication: 2005
</div>
<div class="small-text">ISBN:1-59593-061-2</div>
</td></tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td class="small-text">
<strong>Authors</strong>
</td>
<td colspan="2">
<div class="authors">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr>
<td class="small-text">
<a href="results.cfm?query=author%3AP741898&querydisp=author%3ALorin%20Hochstein&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765">Lorin Hochstein</a>
</td>
<td class="small-text">
<small> University of Maryland, College Park</small>
</td></tr>
<tr><td class="small-text">
<a href="results.cfm?query=author%3AP638131&querydisp=author%3AJeff%20Carver&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765">Jeff Carver</a>
</td>
<td class="small-text">
<small> Mississippi State University</small>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="small-text">
<a href="results.cfm?query=author%3AP84676&querydisp=author%3AForrest%20Shull&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765">Forrest Shull</a>
</td>
<td class="small-text">
<small> Fraunhofer Center Maryland</small>
</td></tr>
<tr><td class="small-text">
<a href="results.cfm?query=author%3AP494363&querydisp=author%3ASima%20Asgari&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765">Sima Asgari</a>
</td>
<td class="small-text">
<small> University of Maryland, College Park</small>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td class="small-text">
<a href="results.cfm?query=author%3AP290702&querydisp=author%3AVictor%20Basili&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765">Victor Basili</a>

</td>
<td class="small-text">
<small> Fraunhofer Center Maryland</small>
</td>
</tr></table></div> </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td class="small-text">
<strong>Publisher</strong></td>
<td colspan="2">
<div class="publishers">
IEEE Computer Society  
<small> Washington, DC, USA </small>
</div>
</td></tr></table></td></tr>
<tr><td><tr valign="top"><td width="100%" colspan="4">
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" width="100%" >
<tr valign="top">
<td class="small-text"><b>DOI Bookmark:</b></td>
<td class="small-text">
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/SC.2005.53">10.1109/SC.2005.53</a>
</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div class="abstract">
<SPAN class=heading><A NAME="abstract">ABSTRACT</A></span>
<p class="abstract">
In developing High-Performance Computing (HPC) software, time to solution is an important metric. This metric is comprised of two main components: the human effort required developing the software, plus the amount of machine time required to execute it. To date, little empirical work has been done to study the first component: the human effort required and the effects of approaches and practices that may be used to reduce it. In this paper, we describe a series of studies that address this problem. We instrumented the development process used in multiple HPC classroom environments. We analyzed data within and across such studies, varying factors such as the parallel programming model used and the application being developed, to understand their impact on the development process.
</p>
</div>

<div class="indterms">

<A HREF="citation.cfm?id=1105800&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765#CIT"><img name="top" src="http://portal.acm.org/images/arrowu.gif" hspace="10" border="0"></A><SPAN class=heading><A NAME="IndexTerms">INDEX TERMS</A></span>

<p class="Categories">
<SPAN class=heading><A NAME="GenTerms">Primary Classification:</A></span>
<b>D.</b>
<a href="results.cfm?query=CCS%3AD%2E%2A&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_self">
Software</a>
<b>D.1</b>

<a href="results.cfm?query=CCS%3A%22D%2E1%22&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_self">
PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUES</a><br>

<b>D.1.3</b>

<a href="results.cfm?query=CCS%3A%22D%2E1%2E3%22&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_self">
Concurrent Programming</a><br>
<b>Subjects:</b>

<a href="results.cfm?query=CCS%3A%22Parallel%20programming%22&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_self">Parallel programming</a>

</p>

<p class="Categories">
<SPAN class=heading><A NAME="GenTerms">Additional Classification:</A></span>
<b>D.</b>

<a href="results.cfm?query=CCS%3AD%2E%2A&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_self">
Software</a><br>
<b>D.2</b>

<a href="results.cfm?query=CCS%3A%22D%2E2%22&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_self">
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING</a><br>

<b>D.2.3</b>

<a href="results.cfm?query=CCS%3A%22D%2E2%2E3%22&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_self">
Coding Tools and Techniques</a><br>

<b>K.</b>

<a href="results.cfm?query=CCS%3AK%2E%2A&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_self">
Computing Milieux</a><br>

<b>K.6</b>
<a href="results.cfm?query=CCS%3A%22K%2E6%22&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_self">
MANAGEMENT OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS</a><br>

<b>K.6.3</b>
<a href="results.cfm?query=CCS%3A%22K%2E6%2E3%22&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_self">
Software Management</a><br>

<b>Subjects:</b>

<a href="results.cfm?query=CCS%3A%22Software%20development%22&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_self">Software development</a>
<br>
</p>
<br>
<p class="GenTerms">
<SPAN class=heading>
<A NAME="GenTerms">General Terms:</A>
</span>

<BR>
<a href="results.cfm?query=genterm%3A%22Design%22&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_self">
Design</a>,
<a href="results.cfm?query=genterm%3A%22Experimentation%22&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_self">
Experimentation</a>,
<a href="results.cfm?query=genterm%3A%22Measurement%22&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_self">
Measurement</a>,
<a href="results.cfm?query=genterm%3A%22Performance%22&coll=portal&dl=ACM&CFID=3174023&CFTOKEN=73112765" target="_self">
Performance</a>
</p></div>

</nowiki>
</pre>

== IEEE IEEExplore Search Results Markup ==

<pre><nowiki>
<td width="96%" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced" valign="middle">
<strong>On the parallel execution time of tiled loops</strong><br>
Hogstedt, K.; Carter, L.; Ferrante, J.<br>
<A href='/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=71'>Parallel and Distributed Systems, IEEE Transactions on</A><br>
Volume: 14

 Issue: 3
 March 2003 <br />
Page(s): 307- 321<br>
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TPDS.2003.1189587<br>

<div id="menu0" style="display:block"><strong>Summary: </strong> Many
computationally-intensive programs, such as those for differential equations, spatial
interpolation, and dynamic programming, spend a large portion of their execution time in
multiply-nested loops that have a regular stencil of data dependences.....</div>
</td>

</nowiki>
</pre>

== CiteSeer database search results ==

The [http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu CiteSeer] database has been another heavily used Computer Science online resource, and it has minimal markup:

Here's what you see on the main page for a given paper - this information is duplicated everywhere on the page, but this is where it's formatted most like an academic citation:
<pre><nowiki>
<font size=-1>Yoshio Kataoka, Michael D. Ernst, William G. Griswold, and David Notkin.
Automated support for program refactoring using invariants. In ICSM, pages 736-- 743,
November 2001. http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/kataoka01automated.html  
<a href="http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/check/1791139">More</a></font><br>

</nowiki>
</pre>

Clicking on the 'More' link in the above text gets you a page with a listing of all the ways they found it written out as a citation in other papers. This is an example of how they mark up each of those entries:

<pre><nowiki>
<br>
Yoshio Kataoka, Michael D. Ernst, William G. Griswold, and David Notkin.
<i>Automated support for program refactoring using invariants</i>.
In ICSM, pages 736-- 743, November 2001.<br>
<br>
</nowiki>
</pre>

== CiteULike.org citation listing ==

[http://www.citeulike.org/ CiteULike] is a shared reference database site that allows organization using tags and ratings. The site imports from many unstructured web resources using mostly screen-scraping plugins (I think --Mike)

Here is an example of the markup for one article on the main page:
<pre><nowiki>
<tr>
<td...>
<ul>
<li>
<a class="title" href="/user/jrw/article/505272">Geometric phases in adiabatic open quantum systems</a>
<div class="vague"></div>
<div class="vague">by<a class="author" href="/user/jrw/author/Sarandy">Sarandy</a> MS,
<a class="author" href="/user/jrw/author/Lidar">Lidar</a> DA</div>
<div class="vague">
posted to <a class="tag" rel="tag" href="/user/jrw/tag/geometry">geometry</a>
<a class="tag" rel="tag" href="/user/jrw/tag/physics">physics</a>
<a class="tag" rel="tag" href="/user/jrw/tag/quantum">quantum</a>
<a class="tag" rel="tag" href="/user/jrw/tag/quantum-information">quantum-information</a>
by <a href="/user/jrw">jrw</a>
as <img alt="x"src="http://static.citeulike.org/img/star2.png" />
on 2006-02-14 18:36:22
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</nowiki></pre>

And here is markup from the detail page for another publication:

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="content">
<table...>
<tr>
<td...><h1>T-Coffee: A novel method for fast and accurate multiple sequence alignment.</h1></td>
<td>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div class="vague"><i>J Mol Biol</i>, Vol. 302, No. 1. (8 September 2000), pp. 205-217.</div>
<br>

<h2>Authors</h2>

<ul>
<li>
<span class="black"><a class="author" href="/user/ffranca/author/Notredame">Notredame</a> C</span>,
<span class="black"><a class="author" href="/user/ffranca/author/Higgins">Higgins</a> DG</span>,
<span class="black"><a class="author" href="/user/ffranca/author/Heringa">Heringa</a> J</span>
</li>
</ul>
..
<table...>
<tr>
<td ...>
<h2>Online Article
<span class="Z3988"
title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rfr_id=info:sid/citeulike.org/citeulike&rft.aufirst=&rft_id=info:doi/10%2e1006%2fjmbi%2e2000%2e4042&rft.spage=205&rft.issue=1&rft.aulast=Notredame&rft.title=J+Mol+Biol&rft.epage=217&rft.issn=0022%2d2836&rft.volume=302&rft.auinit=C&rft.atitle=T%2dCoffee%3a+A+novel+method+for+fast+and+accurate+multiple+sequence+alignment%2e&date=2000-9-8&rft.genre=article&genre=article">
</span>

</h2>
</td>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td ...>
<ul>
<li>
<span class="black">DOI:</span>
<a accesskey="1" href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmbi.2000.4042" rel="nofollow">View article online</a>
</li>
<li>
<span class="black">Pubmed:</span>
<a accesskey="2"
href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=10964570" rel="nofollow">
View article online</a>
</li>
<li>
<span class="black">Hubmed:</span>
<a accesskey="3" href="http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=10964570" rel="nofollow">
View article online</a>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</nowiki>
</pre>

== Amazon.com citation info ==

This is from a detail page on Amazon.com for a book.

<pre><nowiki>
<a name='citing' ></a><b>This book cites 10 books:</b><br />
<ul...>
<li>
<a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/1555424236/ref=sid_dp_dp/002-6751255-9290456?%5Fencoding=UTF8&v=glance">
The New Faculty Member: Supporting and Fostering Professional Development (Jossey-Bass Higher and Adult Education Series)
</a>
by Robert Boice on
<a href="/gp/reader/0780311361/ref=sib_ab_dp_pg/002-6751255-9290456?%5Fencoding=UTF8&p=S04X&checkSum=vptuDOjULIOadVNe9UFX36fnIKktwxxQOeBmFQupyrA%3D">page 156</a>, and <a href="/gp/reader/0780311361/ref=sib_ab_dp_pg/002-6751255-9290456?%5Fencoding=UTF8&p=S088&checkSum=vptuDOjULINm2bvcL37hZR%2BcnJi%2F9hhUyu1%2FlXWnOM8%3D">
page 275
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0137947364/ref=sid_dp_dp/002-6751255-9290456?%5Fencoding=UTF8&v=glance" >Science, Technology and Society</a>
by Robert E. McGinn on
<a href="/gp/reader/0780311361/ref=sib_ab_dp_pg/002-6751255-9290456?%5Fencoding=UTF8&p=S023&checkSum=vptuDOjULIMgFwAeeT8gWiDHmklkxfy%2BGug%2BAS7UI2Y%3D">page 54</a></li><li>

</nowiki>
</pre>

== PubMed Medical Journal Example ==

Still another example of markup in the wild, coming from a search for "pancreas" in the New England Journal of Medicine from pubmed.org.

Note the title attribute with the expanded version of the canonical abbreviation for the journal.

<pre><nowiki>
<tr>
<td ...>
<a href="/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=Abstract&list_uids=15371579&itool=iconnoabstr&query_hl=2&itool=pubmed_docsum">
<img alt="No abstract" id="No abstract_15371579" ... Title="No abstract">
</a>
</td>
<td ...>Cystic neoplasms of the pancreas.<br>
<font size="-1">
<span title="The New England journal of medicine.">N Engl J Med.</span>
2004 Sep 16;351(12):1218-26. Review. No abstract available. <br>
PMID: 15371579 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
</font>
</td>
</nowiki></pre>

== Wikipedia Examples ==

=== Wikipedia Book ===

<pre><nowiki>
<li id="_note-8"><b><a href="#_ref-8" title="">^</a></b>
<i>Tuva Or Bust!</i>, Ralph Leighton, W. W. Norton & Company, 2000,
<a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Booksources&isbn=0393320693"
class="internal">ISBN 0393320693</a>
</li>
</nowiki></pre>

=== Wikipedia Journal Article ===

<pre><nowiki>
<li id="_note-science1982-Dickerson">
<b><a href="#_ref-science1982-Dickerson_0" title="">^</a></b>
<cite style="font-style:normal">Dickerson et al. (1982). "The Anatomy of A-, B-, and Z-DNA".
<i>Science</i> <b>216</b>: 475-485. DOI: 10.1126/science.7071593.</cite>
<sup><a href="..." class="external text" title="...">PubMed</a></sup></li>
</nowiki></pre>

=== Wikipedia Court Case ===

<pre><nowiki>
<tr>
<td><i><a href="/wiki/Perfect_10_v._Google_Inc" title="Perfect 10 v. Google Inc">Perfect 10 v. Google Inc</a></i></td>
<td>CASE NO. CV 04-9484 AHM (SHx)</td>
<td><a href="/wiki/Central_District_of_California" title="Central District of California">CDCA</a> 2006</td>
<td>Thumbnails in Web searches that impinged upon market for images of that size were not fair use.</td>
</tr>
</nowiki>
</pre>

=== Wikipedia US Law ===

<pre><nowiki>
<li><cite id="endnote_FISA" style="font-style: normal;">
<a href="#ref_FISA" title=""><b>↑</b></a></cite> 
<a href="http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode50/usc_sup_01_50_10_36.html"
class="external text" title="...">50 U.S.C Chapter 36 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance</a>
The complete text of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act
</li>
</nowiki></pre>

The sections of the law are cited inline, without markup, as "50 U.S.C. §1801(a) (4),(5),(6)" for example.

=== Wikipedia Conference Presentation ===

<pre><nowiki>
<h3>Conference presentation by Pillar</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="http://www.duke.edu/web/tiss/archives/conferencerecords/media/Pillar.htm"
class="external text" title="...">Foreign and Domestic Publics and the Counter-terrorism Effort</a>
(Duke University, 21-2 March 2003).</li>
</ul>
</nowiki>
</pre>

=== Wikipedia Primary Historical Source ===

<pre><nowiki>
<li>U.S. War Dept., <a href="http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/moa/browse.monographs/waro.html"
class="external text" title="...">
<i>The War of the Rebellion: a Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies</i></a>,
U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1901. 70 very large volumes of letters and reports written by both armies.
Online at <a href="http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/moa/browse.monographs/waro.html"
class="external autonumber" title="...">[6]</a>
</li>
</nowiki>
</pre>

=== Wikipedia U.S. Patent ===

<pre><nowiki>
<li><a href="http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=4,405,829" class="external text"
title="http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?patentnumber=4,405,829">U.S. Patent 4,405,829</a>:
The <a href="/wiki/RSA" title="RSA">RSA</a> patent, a famous software patent on the ground-breaking
and highly unobvious algorithm for public key encryption, widely used for secure communications
in many industries nowdays</li>
</nowiki>
</pre>

==Citation of an Online Resource==
[http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue12_2/tulloch/index.html David Tulloch, "Many, Many Maps" ''First Monday''] markup for the following citation:

E.S. Raymond, 2000. “The Cathedral and the Bazaar,” version 3.0, at http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/cathedral-bazaar, accessed 18 October 2006.

<pre>
<nowiki>
<p>E.S. Raymond, 2000. The Cathedral and the Bazaar, version 3.0, at
<a href="http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/cathedral-bazaar">
http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/cathedral-bazaar</a>,
accessed 18 October 2006.</p>
</nowiki>
</pre>

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/resources/essays/d/44 T. Mills Kelly, "The Role of Technology in World History Teaching."] markup for the following citation:

Hitler Historical Museum, http://www.hitler.org/. Accessed March 21, 2006.

<pre><nowiki>
<p><a href="#_ftnref5" name="_ftn5" title=""><sup>5</sup></a> <i>Hitler
Historical Museum</i>, <a href="http://www.hitler.org/"
target="2nd">http://www.hitler.org/</a>. Accessed March 21, 2006.</p>
</nowiki>
</pre>

== EPrints.org generated output ==

EPrints uses the DC terms for information in the head element of an entry:

<pre><nowiki>
<head>
<title>ECS EPrints Service - Winnowing Ontologies based on Application Use</title>
<link href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" rel="schema.DC" />
<meta content="Winnowing Ontologies based on Application Use" name="DC.title" />
<meta content="Alani, Harith" name="DC.creator" />
<meta content="Harris, Stephen" name="DC.creator" />
<meta content="O'Neil, Ben" name="DC.creator" />
<meta content="The requirements of specific ... that ontology." name="DC.description" />
<meta content="2006-01-01" name="DC.date" />
<meta content="Conference or Workshop Item" name="DC.type" />
<meta content="http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/12070/" name="DC.identifier" />
<meta content="pdf http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/12070/01/Alani-final.pdf" name="DC.format" />
<link title="Full Text (application/pdf)" href="http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/12070/01/Alani-final.pdf"
class="fulltext" type="application/pdf" rel="alternate" />
</nowiki></pre>

And the following markup for the page's HTML:

<pre><nowiki>
<td valign="top"><div class="page">
<h1 class="pagetitle">
<span class="field_title">Winnowing Ontologies based on Application Use</span></h1>
<p class="intro">
<span class="citation">
<span class="field_authors">Alani, H., Harris, S. and O'Neil, B.</span>
(<span class="field_year">2006</span>)
<span class="field_title">Winnowing Ontologies based on Application Use</span>.
In <i>Proceedings of
<span class="field_conference">3rd European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC)</span></i>,
<span class="field_confloc">Budva, Montenegro</span>.
</nowiki></pre>

== BibDesk default HTML export example ==

Due to some recent improvements, BibDesk allows extensive user customization of its HTML output.
It has had an HTML template system since 2004, and the default template hasn't changed much since then.
Here is the default template, which I wrote long before I knew what little I know now of semantic HTML - Mike.

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="content">
<h1><$fileName.lastPathComponent/></h1>
<dl>
<dt class="Key" id="<$citeKey/>"><$citeKey/><dt />
<dd class="Pub">
<span class="Title"><$fields.Title/></span><br />
<span class="Author"><$pubAuthorsForDisplay/></span><br />
<span class="Journal"><$fields.Journal/></span> 
<span class="Volume"><$fields.Volume/></span> 
<span class="Pages"><$fields.Pages/></span> 
(<span class="Date"><$fields.Year/></span>)<br />
<span class="Url"><a href="<$fields.Url/>"><$fields.Url/></a></span><br />
<div class="Abstract"><$fields.Abstract/></div>
<dd />
</dl>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

Here's a popular modification to the default template, also from 2004, which was used to make this [http://craftsrv1.epfl.ch/~cherubini/extranet/bib/CSCL.bib.html annotated reading list].

<pre><nowiki>
<p class="trigger">
<table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td width="20%"><span class="Author"><$pubFields.Author/></span></td>
<td width="5%"><span class="Year"><$pubFields.Year/></span></td>
<td width="55%"><span class="Title"><$pubFields.Title/></span></td>
<td width="10%"><span class="url"><$pubType/></span></td>
</tr>
</table>
</p>
<div>
<span class="url">
<a href="<$pubFields.Url/>"> <img src="pdf_icon.gif" border="0"> <$citeKey/> ~ <$pubFields.Url/></a>
</span>

<p class="Annote">Abstract:<br><$pubFields.Abstract/>
<br>Notes: <br><$pubFields.Annote/><br>
<br>Keywords: <$pubFields.Keywords/>
<br>BibTeX: <$bibTeXString/> <br>
<br><$RTFValue/>
</p>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

Note that the tags that look like <$foo/> are templating entries and are replaced by values from each cited publication object.

== OCLC WorldCat Online ==

=== Book ===

<pre>
<nowiki>

<div id="item">
<table cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td class="illustration"><img src="/wcpa/servlet/DCARead?standardNo=0062515861&standardNoType=1" alt="Weaving the Web : the original design and ultimate destiny of the World Wide Web by its inventor " /></td>
<td class="info">
<h1 class="title"> Weaving the Web : the original design and ultimate destiny of the World Wide Web by its inventor </h1>
<p class="author"><strong>by <a href="/search?q=au%3ATim+Berners-Lee&qt=hot_author" title="Search for more by this author">Tim Berners-Lee</a>; 
<a href="/search?q=au%3AMark+Fischetti&qt=hot_author" title="Search for more by this author">Mark Fischetti</a></strong></p>
<ul class="detailed">
<li class="type"><strong>Type: </strong>English : <img src="/wcpa/images/icon-bks.gif" height=16 width=16 alt="" title="Book" class="icn"/> <nobr>Book
</nobr><nobr></nobr></li>
<li class="publisher"><strong>Publisher: </strong> San Francisco : HarperSanFrancisco, ©1999.</li>
<li class="isbn"><strong>ISBN: </strong>0062515861 006251587X</li>
<li class="oclc"><strong>OCLC: </strong>41238513</li>
</ul><ul class="subjects"><li><strong>Subjects: </strong><a href="/search?q=su%3AWorld+Wide+Web+History.&qt=hot_subject" title="Search for more with this subject">World Wide Web -- History.</a> | <a href="/search?q=su%3ABerners-Lee%2C+Tim.&qt=hot_subject" title="Search for more with this subject">Berners-Lee, Tim.</a> | <a href="/search?q=su%3ABerners-Lee%2C+Tim.&qt=hot_subject" title="Search for more with this subject">Berners-Lee, Tim.</a> | <a HREF="/oclc/41238513?tab=subjects" title="More ...">More ...</a></li></ul>
</td>
<td class="bookmark">
<a href="javascript:bookmarksite(document.title, 'http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/oclc/41238513');" onmouseover="MM_displayStatusMsg('Bookmark This Page');return document.MM_returnValue;" onmouseout="MM_displayStatusMsg('');return document.MM_returnValue;">Bookmark</a> | <a href="/oclc/41238513">Permalink</a>
<br><br><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info:sid/worldcatlibraries.org:worldcat&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft_ref_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc&rft_ref=http://partneraccess.oclc.org/wcpa/servlet/OUDCXML?oclcnum=41238513&rft_id=info:oclcnum/41238513&rft_id=urn:ISBN:0062515861&rft_id=urn:ISSN:&rft.aulast=Berners-Lee&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft.auinitm=&rft.btitle=Weaving+the+Web+%3A+the+original+design+and+ultimate+destiny+of+the+World+Wide+Web+by+its+inventor++&rft.atitle=&rft.date=&rft.tpages=&rft.isbn=0062515861&rft.aucorp=&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pub=HarperSanFrancisco&rft.edition=1st+ed.&rft.series=&rft.genre=book"></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>

</nowiki>
</pre>

=== Journal ===

<pre>
<nowiki>

<div id="item">
<table cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td class="info">
<h1 class="title"> Cataloging & classification quarterly.</h1>
<ul class="detailed">
<li class="type"><strong>Type: </strong>English : <img src="/wcpa/images/icon-ser.gif" height=16 width=16 alt="" title="Serial Publication" class="icn"/> <nobr>Serial Publication
</nobr> : <nobr>Periodical</nobr>
<nobr><span title="Internet Resource"><img height=16 width=16 border=0 align="absmiddle" src="/wcpa/images/icon-url.gif" alt="Internet Resource"> Internet Resource</span>
</nobr></li>
<li class="publisher"><strong>Publisher: </strong> New York, N.Y. : Haworth Press, [©1981]-</li>
<li class="isbn"><strong>ISSN: </strong>0163-9374 1544-4554</li>
<li class="oclc"><strong>OCLC: </strong>4538259</li>
</ul><ul class="subjects"><li><strong>Subjects: </strong><a href="/search?q=su%3ACataloging+Periodicals.&qt=hot_subject" title="Search for more with this subject">Cataloging -- Periodicals.</a> | <a href="/search?q=su%3AClassification+Books+Periodicals.&qt=hot_subject" title="Search for more with this subject">Classification -- Books -- Periodicals.</a> | <a href="/search?q=su%3AClassification+Periodicals.&qt=hot_subject" title="Search for more with this subject">Classification -- Periodicals.</a> | <a HREF="/oclc/4538259?tab=subjects" title="More ...">More ...</a></li></ul>
</td>
<td class="bookmark">
<a href="javascript:bookmarksite(document.title, 'http://www.worldcatlibraries.org/oclc/4538259');" onmouseover="MM_displayStatusMsg('Bookmark This Page');return document.MM_returnValue;" onmouseout="MM_displayStatusMsg('');return document.MM_returnValue;">Bookmark</a> | <a href="/oclc/4538259">Permalink</a>
<br><br><span class="Z3988" title="url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info:sid/worldcatlibraries.org:worldcat&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft_ref_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:xml:xsd:oai_dc&rft_ref=http://partneraccess.oclc.org/wcpa/servlet/OUDCXML?oclcnum=4538259&rft_id=info:oclcnum/4538259&rft_id=urn:ISBN:&rft_id=urn:ISSN:0163-9374&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.auinitm=&rft.atitle=&rft.jtitle=Cataloging+%26+classification+quarterly.&rft.date=&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.epage=&rft.pages=&rft.issn=0163-9374&rft.eissn=1544-4554&rft.aucorp=&rft.place=&rft.pub=&rft.edition=&rft.series=&rft.genre=journal"></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>

</nowiki>
</pre>
<nowiki>Insert non-formatted text here</nowiki><nowiki>Insert non-formatted text here</nowiki>

== Implied schema ==

Many of the examples have simple citations in <p>, <div>, <td> etc with no further coding; i.e. <td>Book Title. Author. Publisher, date.</td>

The following lists the most common markup:

=== Book Titles: ===

*id="title"
*class="producttitle"
*class="title"
*id="lblTitle"
*h1
*h2
*<dt></dt>
*<cite></cite>
*<strong></strong>
*<i></i>

=== Book Series: ===

*id="serieslbl"
*class="productsubtitle"

=== Sub-titles: ===

*id="subtitle"
*class="productsubtitle"
*class="sub_title"
*id="lblSubTitle"
*class="book_subline"
*class="subTitle"

=== Author: ===

*id="credit"
*class="productauthor"
*class="author"
*Authors (table cell)
*class="byline"
*class="creator"
*class="role"
*Inside <dd></dd> with other elements
*<li></li>

=== Publication Date: ===

*id="pubdate"
*Publication Date: (table cell)
*id="pnlPubDate"
*Publication Date:
*class="publicationdate"
*Published/Released:
*class="date" w/ class="year", class="month", class="day"
*Inside <dd></dd> with other elements

=== Publisher: ===

*class="publisher"
*class="origin" (publication location)

=== Volumes: ===

*class="volume"

=== Issue Number: ===

*class="issue"

=== Page Numbers: ===

*class="locator" (inclusive page numbers)

=== ISBN: ===

*class="isbn"
*id="pnlIsbn"
*id="lblIsbn"
*class="isbnNumber"

=== Book Edition: ===

*class="edition"
*Inside <dd></dd> with other elements

== Citeproc XHTML output ==

I'm the author of the [http://xbiblio.sourceforge.net/citeproc.html citeproc] project, which includes a micro-format of sorts (though I never thought of it as such) in its XHTML output mode. See [http://xbiblio.sourceforge.net/examples/apa-en.html here] for an example. The difference compared to the bibtex-derived model is that is a) more generic and b) hierachical.

It would be possible, certainly, to do a flat model if for some reason there was a good technical reason not to go hierarchical (though is there?)

'''The burden of proof is on *going* hierarchical, rather than a simpler flat solution. Complexity must be justified, not simplicity.'''

... but then you need to think outside the BibTeX box in any case. Any model of this sort ought to be able to handle legal citations, magazine articles, patents, etc. etc.; not just a narrow range of BibTeX types.

'''Per the microformats [[process]], microformats are designed to support existing practice on the Web, anything else should be omitted from at least the first version.'''

== Styles ==
This does NOT define a format, but instead shows how the format should be displayed. This is something out of the direct scope of this project. CSS styles will handle the look-and-feel of the text, and the author can put it in any order they choose. These links are mentioned for two reasons, one is informative, the other is so we know at least meet the minimum properties that are used in the styles.

* [http://www.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citmla.htm MLA Style]
* [http://www.bu.edu/library/guides/citation.html Chicago, MLA, and APA styles]
* [http://www.legalbluebook.com/ Blue Book] for legal citations
* [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/cup/cgos/idx_basic.html Columbia University Citation Style] developed for modern internet citations

citation-examples

2007-02-21T19:36:42Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Citation of an Online Resource */

<h1> Citation Examples </h1>

The following examples are real world examples of citations found on the web. Please add to this list. The idea is that we get a solid sample of examples and see what commonalities there are amonst them and try to build this microformat so that it can meet 80% of typical uses.

'''To add examples:''' please first add a copy of the HTML source for your example at the [[citation-examples-markup]] page, then add a description of the example to this page, with a link to the corresponding section on [[citation-examples-markup]]. Thanks!

See also:
* [[citation]]
* [[citation-formats]]
* [[citation-brainstorming]]
* [[citation-faq]]

__TOC__

== Contributors ==
* ...
* [http://suda.co.uk/ Brian Suda]
* Tantek Çelik
* [http://michael-mccracken.net/wp/ Michael McCracken]
* Tim White
* [http://inkdroid.org Ed Summers]

== Citation Mark Up in the Wild ==
Mark up examples from reference publisher's websites (online catalogs), including ABC-CLIO, Greenwood Press, Marshall Cavendish, Oxford University Press (USA) and Thomson Gale. Examples are broken down and organized by element.

(For a cleaner version, see [http://www.tjameswhite.com/citation-examples.htm]) -- ''is this link now out of date?''--[[User:Mike|Mike]] 18:19, 30 Aug 2006 (PDT)

=== ABC-CLIO Product detail page ===
[http://www.abc-clio.com/products/overview.aspx?productid=109327 ABC-CLIO example]
[[citation-examples-markup#ABC-CLIO_Product_detail_page.C2.A0.28http:.2F.2Fwww.abc-clio.com.2Fproducts.2Foverview.aspx.3Fproductid.3D109327.29|ABC-CLIO Original Markup]]

* title
* subtitle
* author
* image
* publication date
* pages
* volumes
* specifications (book dimentions 8.5x11, weight, etc)
* Format - (Hardback, softback)
* Price
* ISBN

=== ACM Digital Library Search Result Examples ===

The [http://www.acm.org/dl/ ACM Digital Library] is a heavily used computer science literature database.

The [[citation-examples-markup#ACM_Digital_Library_Search_Result_Examples|ACM Original Markup]] contained two examples, a journal article and a conference proceedings article.

''Journal article:''

* title
* authors
* Pages
* format (PDF)
* Additional Information
* abstract
* index terms
* journal
* issue
* volume
* pubdate
* DOI

''Conference Proceedings:''

* title
* authors
* author institutions
* source (conference + proceedings name)
* page
* year
* isbn
* publisher name & address
* DOI
* abstract
* subject category labels
* keywords

=== Amazon.com citation info ===

This is from a detail page on Amazon.com for a book.

[[citation-examples-markup#Amazon.com_citation_info|Amazon's Original Markup]]

* title
* author
* series title
* page

=== CiteSeer database search results ===

The [http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu CiteSeer] database has been another heavily used Computer Science online resource, and it has minimal markup:
#[[citation-examples-markup#CiteSeer_database_search_results|CiteSeer's Original Markup]]
#[[citation-examples#CiteSeer|CiteSeer's Original Example 2]]

* author
* title
* journal
* pages
* publication date
* URL
* Accessed On

=== CiteULike.org citation listing ===

[http://www.citeulike.org/ CiteULike]

[[citation-examples-markup#CiteULike.org_citation_listing|CiteULike's Original Markup]]

* title
* author
* subjects
* image
* Volume
* Number
* publication date
* page

Links to services with the following IDs embedded in the link
* Z3988
* DOI
* Pubmed
* Hubmed

=== CiteProc XHTML Output ===
[[citation-examples-markup#CiteProc_XHTML_Output|CiteProc Original Markup]]

The XHTML output for CiteProc[http://xbiblio.sourceforge.net/citeproc/] wasn't designed per se as a microformat, but is probably not a bad place to start. It is designed to handle a wide range of content. Here is the APA output:

* refID (HTML @ID)
* creator
* role (to indicate editors and translators)
* date
* title
* volume
* issue
* page
* issue
* container (a book serves as container for a chapter)
* type (book, newspaper, proceedings)
* edition
* publisher
* place
* location (for urls and physical locations)
* access date (for online items)

=== Google Cache ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=citation-examples-markup&action=submit#Google Original Markup]
* url
* retrieved date

=== Greenwood Press featured book ===
[http://www.greenwood.com/ greenwood press home page]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Greenwood_Press_home_page.C2.A0.28http:.2F.2Fwww.greenwood.com.2F.29_featured_book Original Markup]
* title
* subtitle
* author
* ISBN
* Price
* Description

=== Greenwood Press product detail page ===
[http://www.greenwood.com/catalog/GR2847.aspx Product detail page]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Greenwood_Press_Product_detail_page.C2.A0.28http:.2F.2Fwww.greenwood.com.2Fcatalog.2FGR2847.aspx.29 Original Markup]

* Title
* subtitle
* authors
* AuthorsNote
* BookCode (internal code system)
* ISBN
* Page
* Publisher
* Publication Date
* Price
* Availability
* MediaType
* categories
* LC Card Number
* LCC Class
* Dewey Class

=== IEEE IEEExplore Search Results Markup ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#IEEE_IEEExplore_Search_Results_Markup Original Markup]

* title
* authors
* journal
* issue
* volume
* issue
* pubdate
* page
* Digital Object Identifier (DOI)
* summary

=== Marshall Cavendish product page===
[http://www.marshallcavendish.com/marshallcavendish/academic/redirector.xml?url=/marshallcavendish/academic/catalogue/books/regionalism_n_regional_security/9812102108.xml product page]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Marshall_Cavendish_product_page.C2.A0.28http:.2F.2Fwww.marshallcavendish.com.2Fmarshallcavendish.2Facademic.2Fredirector.xml.3Furl.3D.2Fmarshallcavendish.2Facademic.2Fcatalogue.2Fbooks.2Fregionalism_n_regional_security.2F9812102108.xml.29 Original Markup]

* ISBN
* Series
* Title
* publisher
* Specifications (dimentions/weight)
* Authors
* Target Audience
* Price
* description

=== Ning ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=citation-examples-markup&action=submit#Ning.com Original Example]
* title
* publications date
* retrieved on

=== Oxford University Press (USA) home page ===
[http://www.us.oup.com/us/?view=usa homepage]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Oxford_University_Press_.28USA.29_homepage.C2.A0.28http:.2F.2Fwww.us.oup.com.2Fus.2F.3Fview.3Dusa.29 Original Markup]

* title
* subTitle
* edition
* byline
* ISBN
* format - hardback
* publication Date
* price
* description
* related

=== Oxford University Press (USA) product detail page ===
[http://www.us.oup.com/us/catalog/general/subject/HistoryAmerican/ColonialRevolutionary/?view=usa&ci=0195162471#Product_Details Product page]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Oxford_University_Press_.28USA.29_Product_page.C2.A0.28http:.2F.2Fwww.us.oup.com.2Fus.2Fcatalog.2Fgeneral.2Fsubject.2FHistoryAmerican.2FColonialRevolutionary.2F.3Fview.3Dusa.26ci.3D0195162471.23Product_Details.29 Original Markup]

* title
* subTitle
* edition
* byline
* image
* isbnNumber
* format - hardback
* pages
* publication Date
* availability
* price

=== Thomson Gale product detail page ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Thomson_Gale_product_detail_page Original Markup]

* title
* excerp
* Volume
* Publisher
* description
* Published date
* ISBN
* Product number (internal code system)
* Pages
* Shipping Weight
* price

=== RFC vCard Example ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#RFC_vCard_Example Original Markup]

* refID (HTML @ID)
* title
* publication
* title
* Journal
* Volume
* Issue
* page
* pubdate
* RFC ID

=== University of Virginia ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=citation-examples-markup&action=submit#University_of_Virginia Original Markup]
* title
* publication date
* retrived on
* location
* organization

=== W3C XHTML Spec Example ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#W3C_XHTML_Spec_Example Original Markup]

* refID (HTML @ID)
* URL
* title
* subtitle
* part (1 of X)
* journal
* authors
* pubdate
* language
* ISO/IEC ID
* RFC ID

[http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/#refs XHTML1.0 Spec references]

=== PubMed Medical Journal Example ===
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#PubMed_Medical_Journal_Example Original Markup]

* abstract
* title
* publisher
* journal
* date/time published
* Review (BOOLEAN YES/NO)
* PubMedID

=== BibDesk Default Template ===
[[citation-examples-markup#BibDesk_default_HTML_export_example|Original Markup]]

This is a pretty simplistic template for a very general app, but it seems to be OK for most BD users.

* Title
* Author
* Journal
* Volume
* Pages
* Date
* Url
* Abstract

=== Wikipedia ===
[http://wikpedia.org Wikipedia] makes extensive use of bibliographic citations, in particular to point readers to further information sources. There are differing formats depending on Wikipedia's language.

Note that Wikipedia values are often links to other pages on Wikipedia (used elsewhere, those URLs might be more canonical, such as to an author or publisher's website).

==== English Wikipdia ====
The kinds of citations used on the site run the full gamut. Here are breakdowns of four categories previously mentioned:

===== Original Markup =====
[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=citation-examples-markup&action=submit#Wikipedia Original Markup]
* id
* title
* url
* Retrieved/Accessed On
* Publication Date
* Journal

===== Book =====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_feynman#_note-8 Example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wikipedia_Book Example Markup]

* title
* author
* publisher
* year
* ISBN
* url (indirectly via special wikipedia ISBN page)

===== Book Infobox =====

The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Infobox_Book Book Infobox template] from wikipedia shows a separate schema that is being used for many book pages on wikipedia to mark up a summary box about the book:

* name
* title_orig
* translator
* image
* image_caption
* author
* illustrator
* cover_artist
* country
* language
* series
* subject
* genre
* publisher
* release_date
* english_release_date
* media_type
* pages
* isbn
* preceded_by
* followed_by

===== Journal Articles =====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA#Citations Example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wikipedia_Journal_Article Example Markup]

* author (truncated list)
* year
* title
* journal title
* journal number
* page range
* [http://doi.org DOI]

===== Court cases =====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_leading_legal_cases_in_copyright_law Example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wikipedia_Court_Case Example Markup]

* title
* case number
** ''note that legal standards for referring to cases include some inscrutable abbreviations that are probably more detailed than just "case number"''
* court name
* year
* description/abstract

===== U.S. Law =====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Act#endnote_FISA Example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wikipedia_US_Law Example Markup]

* title (title number, for example "50" in "50 U.S.C. chapter 36."
* chapter title (name, for example "Foreign Intelligence Surveillance" )
* chapter number
* section, paragraph, subparagraph numbers (optionally)

===== Conference presentations =====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_R._Pillar#Conference_presentation_by_Pillar Example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wikipedia_Conference_Presentation Example Markup]

* title
* location
* date
* author (implied - the page is about this person)

===== Historical Sources =====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War#Primary_sources Example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wikipedia_Primary_Historical_Source Example Markup]

* source / location
* title
* publisher
* year
* description
* url

===== U.S. Patent =====
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_software_patents Example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wikipedia_U.S._Patent Example Markup]

* number

==== German Wikipedia ====
* [http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Literatur citing styles]

=== EPrints.org ===

[http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/12070/ example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#EPrints.org_generated_output example markup]

Based on [http://dublincore.org/documents/dcq-html/ Expressing Dublin Core in HTML/XHTML meta and link elements] and [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2731.txt rfc2731], Eprints.org uses the following Dublin Core terms in meta tags in the HTML HEAD of each paper's page:

* title
* creator (author)
* description (abstract)
* date
* type
* identifier (a url)
* format
** a strange syntax for the meta content:"pdf http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/12070/01/Alani-final.pdf"" for the format term...
* fulltext
** this is in a rel-alternate link element. The class is 'fulltext', and the href is the same link as in format, only a valid URL this time.

In the body of the page, they use the following classes, now no longer DC terms:
* title
* authors (a flat list with abbreviated names)
* year
* conference
* conference location

=== Wolfram Mathworld ===

[http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Quasi-MonteCarloMethod.html example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Wolfram_Mathworld example markup]

A book. First citation from the page on "Quasi-Monte Carlo Method". Has very little markup.

* authors
* title
* publisher (name and location)
* date (just year)

=== Self-Citation Example ===
[http://cbio.mskcc.org/~hoffmann/lifecycles/olv/index.html One example] of an article that includes a statement "please cite as" (a self-description):

* title
* author
* periodical (journal) title
* volume
* issue
* pages
* year

=== Citation of an Online Resource ===
At University of Michigan's [http://www.crlt.umich.edu/publinks/facment_biblio.html Center for Research on Learning and Teaching] you see citations like this:

Chief Academic Officers of the Big 12 Universities (2000). Big 12 Faculty Fellowship Program. Retrieved December 20, 2000 from the World Wide Wed: http://www.k-state.edu/provost/academic/big12/big12guide.htm.

* title
* publication year
* department/author
* retrieval date
* URL

[http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue12_2/tulloch/index.html "Many, Many Maps," ''First Monday''] contains citations to online resources like this:

E.S. Raymond, 2000. “The Cathedral and the Bazaar,” version 3.0, at http://www.catb.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/cathedral-bazaar, accessed 18 October 2006.

* author
* publication year
* web page title
* URL
* accessed date

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/resources/essays/d/44 "The Role of Technology in World History Teaching" by T. Mills Kelly] uses the following citation format for online resources:

''Hitler Historical Museum'', http://www.hitler.org/. Accessed March 21, 2006.

* title
* URL
* accessed date

=== OCLC WorldCat Online ===

==== Book ====
[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/41238513 example] [http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Book example-makrup]

* title
* type (book)
* publisher name
* publisher location
* copyright date
* isbn
* oclc number
* subjects
* author
* z39.88 (COinS)

==== Journal ====
[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4538259 example]
[http://microformats.org/wiki/citation-examples-markup#Journal example-makrup]

* title
* type (journal)
* publisher
* issn
* oclc number
* subjects
* z39.88 (COinS)

====West Midland Bird Club====
Uses OpenCOinS
* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/biblio/warwks.htm Bibliography page]
* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/archive/reports1970s.htm Annual Reports]
* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/biblio/birdnotes/23-5-172.htm 'Bird Notes' article reproduction]
* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/biblio/bb/73-478.htm 'British Birds' article reproduction]
* [http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/biblio/bb/40-184.htm 'British Birds' article reproduction with additional citation]
*[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/biblio/bb/index.htm List of 'British Birds' articles]

Features include:
*title
*author
*date
*price (historic, at time of publication)
*format
*publisher
*number of pages
*ISBN/ ISSN
*product dimensions
*page numbers of article
*image(s)

====Amazon====
Product listings, e.g.
[http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1590596145/ref=pd_qpt_gw_1/026-5782158-8338825]
*title
*author
*price
*format
*publisher
*number of pages
*language
*ISBN
*product dimensions
*shipping weighta
*average customer review
*image
*Amazon.com Sales Rank

====ABE====
Product listings, e.g. [http://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=637112345&searchurl=sts%3Dt%26an%3Dmabbett%26y%3D0%26x%3D0]
*title
*author
*ISBN
*publisher
*publication date
*country
*edition
*condition
*whether signed
*format/binding
*number of pages
*bookseller
*inventory number
*price
*shipping costs
*quantity

== Implied schema ==

=== List of all properties ===
This are a summation of all the properties in the examples, I have tried to logically group them together.

* title
* subtitle
* author
* editor
* translator
* image
* date (issued, copyrighted, accessed)
* language
* description/Summary/abstract
* excerpt
* index terms
* categories (keywords, tags, labels, etc.)

RELATIONS
* container (publication; periodicals, books, etc.)
* collection (series and so forth)
* event (conference, etc.)
* original (for republished material)

LOCATION INFORMATION
* pages
* volume
* series title
* Series
* edition
* issue
* publication
* journal
* part (1 of X)

PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES
* Specifications (dimentions/weight)
* Format/type (book, newspaper, proceedings)

IDENTIFIERS
* ISBN
* LC Card Number
* LCC Class
* Dewey Class
* URL
* RFC ID
* ISO/IEC ID
* DOI
* PubMedID

PUBLISHER
* publisher

These are sort of left overs, the are not really about citations, but more about commerce or other things. If they are important we can move them to the above list.
* refID (HTML @ID)
* Reviewed (BOOLEAN YES/NO)
* Availability
* Price
* Shipping Weight
* related
* Product number (internal system code)
* BookCode (internal system code)
* AuthorsNote
* Additional Information
* Target Audience

=== Analysis of Examples ===
With exception of just a few properties, all of the above appeared in atleast two different examples. The following properties were very common in most the example formats:
* title
* subtitle
* author
* publication date
* description
* pages
* ISBN
* publisher

== Styles ==
This does NOT define a format, but instead shows how the format should be displayed. This is something out of the direct scope of this project. CSS styles will handle the look-and-feel of the text, and the author can put it in any order they choose. These links are mentioned for two reasons, one is informative, the other is so we know at least meet the minimum properties that are used in the styles.

* [http://www.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citmla.htm MLA Style]
* [http://www.bu.edu/library/guides/citation.html Chicago, MLA, and APA styles]
* [http://www.english.uiuc.edu/cws/wworkshop/writer_resources/citation_styles/citation_styles.htm Writer's Workshop citation style page] (detailed citation style info)
* [http://www.legalbluebook.com/ Blue Book] for legal citations
* [http://www.columbia.edu/cu/cup/cgos/idx_basic.html Columbia University Citation Style] developed for modern internet citations

book-examples

2007-02-10T19:16:12Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Examples */

<h1> Book Examples </h1>

== Contributors ==

* [http://people.opera.com/howcome Håkon Wium Lie]
* [http://tantek.com/log/ Tantek Çelik]
* Bert Bos

== Introduction ==

Examples of books that people actually publish on the Web. This is focused predominantly on the books themselves rather than references to books. For references to books, see the [[citation-examples]] page and related pages.

== Table of Contents ==

__TOC__

== Examples ==

* Books by MarkPilgrim: [http://diveintopython.org/toc/index.html Dive Into Python], [http://diveintogreasemonkey.org/toc/ Dive Into Greasemonkey], and arguably [http://feedparser.org/docs/ Feed Parser Documentation]. All of these are produced with a similar toolchain (DocBook XML to HTML via XSLT).
* [http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/1/3/132/132.txt Art of War from Project Gutenberg]
* [http://www.infomotions.com/alex2/authors/conrad-joseph/conrad-heart-708/conrad-heart-708.shtml Heart of Darkness from the Alex Catalogue] (TEI to HTML/PDF/Palm eReader/etc.)
*[http://www.futureofthebook.org/iraqreport/ Iraq Study Group Report]
*[http://www.futureofthebook.org/gamertheory/ GAM3R 7H30RY]

== See Also ==

* [[book-formats]]
* [[book-brainstorming]]

User:JeremyBoggs

2007-02-10T18:51:26Z

JeremyBoggs:

[http://clioweb.org ClioWeb]

history-examples

2007-02-10T18:36:20Z

JeremyBoggs: /* HTML-based Timelines */

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

History seeks to show and explain change over time. With that in mind, how should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

== Participants ==

[http://clioweb.org Jeremy Boggs]

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====

[http://factoryjoe.com/stream/ Chris Messina's lifestream, marked up with hCalendar]

[http://vidastream.net/u/aconbere/ VidaStream (aconbere's lifestream)]

[http://www.chrisglass.com/timeline/ Chris Glass through the years]

[http://www.thocp.net/companies/microsoft/microsoft_company.htm Microsoft's Timeline from 1975-1990]

[http://www.footnote.com/topicpage.php?tp=2 HMS Titanic Timeline] Member-created timeline at [http://footnote.com Footnote].

[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

[http://tfaces.narod.ru/ Type Timeline (in Russian)]

[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/chrono.htm West Midland Bird Club history]

[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/exhibits/online_exhibits/dressed_to_the_nines/timeline.htm History of the Baseball Uniform Timeline] from the National Baseball Hall of Fame

[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=history-examples&action=history The History section of the History-Examples wiki page] Seems that the history sections of this wiki are essentially timelines, with historical information, showing change over time.

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

I include image and flash-based timelines to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums and Exhibits ====

[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

[http://www.designmuseum.org/digital/a-century-of-chairs A Century of Chairs] From the Design Museum.

[http://www.mcny.org/ Museum of the City of New York]

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People, Biographies, and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

The following timelines provide a comparative list of the timeframes in which select political leaders around the world were in power:

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin1.htm 20th Century - First Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin2.htm 20th Century - Second Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin3.htm 20th Century - Third Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin4.htm 20th Century - Fourth Quarter]

==== Places ====

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==

hcalendar-brainstorming

2007-02-05T00:41:02Z

JeremyBoggs: /* hCalendar for timelines */

<h1> hCalendar Brainstorming </h1>

[[to-do]]: this page could use just a bit more clean-up and reorganization. - Tantek

This page is for trying out and documenting ways of using hCalendar which may involve more details than currently in the specification.

If you have a question, please check the [[hcalendar-faq|hCalendar FAQ]], and ask new questions on the [http://microformats.org/discuss/ mailing lists] first.

__TOC__

== Authors ==

* [http://suda.co.uk/ Brian Suda]
* [http://tantek.com/log/ Tantek Çelik]

== hCalendar authoring best practices ==

=== Tabular event calendars ===

Many calendars are posted in tabular form, where the headings on the columns and rows have property values that apply to the cells which themselves are events. E.g. many conferences have multiple tracks and post names of rooms (LOCATION) as column headers, and time slots (DTSTART, DTEND) as row headers.

Here is a description of how to parse such markup into an iCalendar stream. This has been implemented in X2V and deployed.

'''TO DO: document a "How To" for publishers looking to mark up tabular event listings.'''

To enable mark these up with [[hcalendar|hCalendar]], we must parse additional semantic attributes from HTML4.

When parsing, in addition to the special case rules documented in [[hcard-parsing]]:

* If the element is a table data cell <code><td></code>, then:
*# parse its "headers" attribute as a space separated set of local IDs
*# find the <code><td></code> and <code><th></code> elements referenced by those IDs (call them header cells) and consider them part of the element being parsed as follows:
*## Treat the header cells as children of the element, ordered by the order of ids in its "headers" attribute, immediately following the last child node (text or element) or the element. (The basic idea is that the content from those header cells is used to construct the VEVENT, but secondary to (AFTER) the content in the data cell itself, so that the data cell can customize/override part of the data in the header, e.g. if the header cell included both start time and location, and the event was being held at a different location).
*## Parse the "axis" attribute of a header cell as a comma-separated list of categories. These categories must be used in addition to (and before) any class names on that header cell for determining whether it is a property of the VEVENT.

Real world example in the wild of a tabular event calendar marked up in this fashion: [http://we05.com/program.cfm Web Essentials 05 Session program].

'''Note: We have gained sufficient experience with this that we should formalize this in both [[hcard-parsing]] and [[hcalendar-parsing]] since the table cell headers and axis attributes technique is generic to all class name microformats. The specific use case of how to author a tabular display of events should be documented in [[hcalendar-authoring]]. Tantek'''

=== hCard locations ===

In iCalendar (and thus hCalendar), the LOCATION property is just a text string. In practice however, much event content contains some amount of structure for the location, often a specific venue with name, address etc. Venues are often organizations and are thus conducive to being marked up as [[hcard|hCards]].

Taking the example from the [[hcalendar|hCalendar]] spec:

<pre><nowiki>
<span class="vevent">
<a class="url" href="http://www.web2con.com/">
<span class="summary">Web 2.0 Conference</span>:
<abbr class="dtstart" title="2005-10-05">October 5</abbr>-
<abbr class="dtend" title="2005-10-08">7</abbr>,
at the <span class="location">Argent Hotel, San Francisco, CA</span>
</a>
</span>
</nowiki></pre>

Clearly the "Argent Hotel" is a venue, and thus could be marked up as an [[hcard|hCard]] itself:

<pre><nowiki>
<span class="location vcard">
<span class="fn org">Argent Hotel</span>,
<span class="adr"><span class="locality">San Francisco</span>, <span class="region">CA</span></span>
</span>
</nowiki></pre>

Thus in the context of the entire vevent this example would become:

<pre><nowiki>
<span class="vevent">
<a class="url" href="http://www.web2con.com/">
<span class="summary">Web 2.0 Conference</span>:
<abbr class="dtstart" title="2005-10-05">October 5</abbr>-
<abbr class="dtend" title="2005-10-08">7</abbr>,
at the <span class="location vcard">
<span class="fn org">Argent Hotel</span>,
<span class="adr"><span class="locality">San Francisco</span>, <span class="region">CA</span></span>
</span>
</a>
</span>
</nowiki></pre>

The advantage of marking up the location with explicit [[hcard|hCard]] semantics is that it enables much better identification and pivoting of locations of events.

For a real world example of this in practice see Jeremy Keith's excellent SXSW 2006 event page: http://austin.adactio.com/ where all the events contain locations marked up as hCards with [[geo]] properties as well which then aid in locating the precise locations on a map.

'''Note: We have gained sufficient experience with this that we should formalize this in [[hcalendar-authoring]]. Tantek'''

== iCalendar generation best practices ==

Along with the four base properties, you can define addtional properties through the use of the x-prop property. For best-practices for hCal to iCal transformers, it would be helpful if the transforming application added the following x-* properties:

=== X-FROM-URL ===

* X-FROM-URL. The value of this property would be the URL of the page where the iCal representation was generated.
<pre><nowiki>
X-FROM-URL:http://example.com/page-containing-hCal-encoding.html
</nowiki></pre>

'''Note: We have gained sufficient experience with this that we should formalize this in [[hcalendar-parsing]]. Tantek'''

=== X-WR-CALNAME ===

* X-WR-CALNAME. iCal.app recognizes this property as the "calendar name" for subscribed calendars. Thus transforming applications *should* take the <code><title>...</title></code> from the page being parsed, optionally append " events", and use that value for the X-WR-CALNAME property in the resulting feed. E.g. if the page had <code><title>Example Home Page</title></code> then the .ics output should have as part of the vcalendar object:
<pre><nowiki>
X-WR-CALNAME:Example Home Page
</nowiki></pre>

'''Note: We have gained sufficient experience with this that we should formalize this in [[hcalendar-parsing]]. Tantek'''

== iCalendar examples in hCalendar ==

This is a growing example case written in iCal format and transformed to the corresponding XHTML. These conversions are open to community input. See [[hcalendar-examples]] for current work.

<pre><nowiki>
BEGIN:VEVENT
CATEGORIES:foo,bar
SUMMARY: Short Title
DESCRIPTION: Full Description
DTSTART;VALUE=DATE:20040101
DTEND:20040101T235959Z
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY;UNTIL=20080102T000000Z
URL;WORK:http://example.com
ATTENDEE;ROLE=CHAIR:MAILTO:JohnDoe@example.com
GEO:37.386013;-122.082932
END:VEVENT
</nowiki></pre>
<pre><nowiki>
<p class="vevent">

Categories:
<ul class="categories">
<li>foo</li>
<li>bar</li>
</ul>
<a href="http://example.com" class="summary">Short Title</a>
<span class="description">description</span>
<span class="geo"><span class="Lat">37.386013</span> <span class="Lon">-122.082932</span></span>



Date: <em class="dtstart">20040101</em> - <em class="dtend">20040101T235959Z</em>




<a class="attendee chair" href="mailto:JohnDoe@example.com">John Doe</a>


<p class="rrule">The event will be held <span class="freq">yearly</span> until <span class=""until">20080102T000000Z</span>.</p>

</p>
</nowiki></pre>

@@-need to look at nested tag examples
<pre><nowiki>
XHTML
<span class="description"><span class="summary">Short Title</span> to a longer article</span>

vCal
SUMMARY:Short Title
DESCRIPTION:Short Title to a longer article
</nowiki></pre>

=== Examples from RFC 2445 ===

* These examples are now all available on [[hcalendar-examples]].

With the abbr's title attribute being used rather than the node value, the actual data could vary and still represent the same vcalendar.

<pre><nowiki>
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
VERSION:2.0
PRODID:-//hacksw/handcal//NONSGML v1.0//EN
BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART:19970714T170000Z
DTEND:19970715T035959Z
SUMMARY:Bastille Day Party
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</nowiki></pre>

<pre><nowiki>
<span class="vcalendar">
<span class="vevent">
<abbr class="dtstart" title="19970714T170000Z">July 14th</abbr>
<abbr class="dtend" title="19970715T035959Z"></abbr>
<span class="summary">Bastille Day Party</span>
</span>
</span>
</nowiki></pre>

==== UID handling ====

The UID in iCal is represented in HTML as the id attribute in these examples. Any valid id in HTML is a valid UID in iCal, but not the contrapositive, a valid UID is NOT a valid HTML id. HTML ids can only start with a letter, not a number.

<pre><nowiki>
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:19970901T130000Z-123401@host.com
DTSTAMP:19970901T1300Z
DTSTART:19970903T163000Z
DTEND:19970903T190000Z
SUMMARY:Annual Employee Review
CLASS:PRIVATE
CATEGORIES:BUSINESS,HUMAN RESOURCES
END:VEVENT
</nowiki></pre>

<pre><nowiki>
<span class="vcalendar">
<span class="vevent" id="19970901T130000Z-123402@host.com">
<abbr class="dtstamp" title="19970901T1300Z"></abbr>
<abbr class="dtstart" title="19970903T163000Z">September 3rd, 4:30pm</abbr>-
<abbr class="dtend" title="19970903T190000Z">7:00pm</abbr>
<span class="summary">Annual Employee Review</span>
<span class="class">private</span>
<ul class="categories">
<li>BUSINESS</li>
<li>HUMAN RESOURCES</li>
</ul>
</span>
</span>
</nowiki></pre>

<pre><nowiki>
BEGIN:VCALENDAR
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:19970901T130000Z-123402@host.com
DTSTAMP:19970901T1300Z
DTSTART:19970401T163000Z
DTEND:19970402T010000Z
SUMMARY:Laurel is in sensitivity awareness class.
CLASS:PUBLIC
CATEGORIES:BUSINESS,HUMAN RESOURCES
TRANSP:TRANSPARENT
END:VEVENT
END:VCALENDAR
</nowiki></pre>
<pre><nowiki>
<span class="vcalendar">
<span class="vevent" id="19970901T130000Z-123402@host.com">
<abbr class="dtstamp" title="19970901T1300Z"></abbr>
<abbr class="dtstart" title="19970401T163000Z">April 1st 4:30pm</abbr>-
<abbr class="dtend" title="19970402T010000Z">1:00am</abbr>
<span class="summary">Laurel is in sensitivity awareness class.</span>
<span class="class">PUBLIC</span>
<ul class="categories">
<li>BUSINESS</li>
<li>HUMAN RESOURCES</li>
</ul>
<span class="transp">Transparent</span>
</span>
</span>
</nowiki></pre>

==== RRULE handling ====

The way RRULE is encoded should be discussed.

<pre><nowiki>
BEGIN:VEVENT
UID:19970901T130000Z-123403@host.com
DTSTAMP:19970901T1300Z
DTSTART:19971102
SUMMARY:Our Blissful Anniversary
CLASS:CONFIDENTIAL
CATEGORIES:ANNIVERSARY,PERSONAL,SPECIAL OCCASION
RRULE:FREQ=YEARLY
END:VEVENT
</nowiki></pre>
<pre><nowiki>
<span class="vcalendar">
<span class="vevent" id="19970901T130000Z-123403@host.com">
<abbr class="dtstart" title="19970901T1300Z"></abbr>
<abbr class="dtend" title="19971102">November 2nd</abbr>
<span class="summary">Our Blissful Anniversary</span>
<span class="class">CONFIDENTIAL</span>
<ul class="categories">
<li>ANNIVERSARY</li>
<li>PERSONAL</li>
<li>SPECIAL OCCASION</li>
</ul>
<span class="rrule"><span class="freq">YEARLY</span></span>
</span>
</span>
</nowiki></pre>

== Examples from real world event sites ==

=== W3C Meetings ===

I just got email announcing the dates of another W3C meeting. I don't think it's marked up with hCalendar. I could mark it up myself, like I did for [http://www.w3.org/2005/12/allgroupoverview.html the TP day/week schedule], but it might not stick. Somehow I got [http://www.w3.org/2000/08/w3c-synd/ our syndicated news markup] (precursor to [[hAtom]]) to stick, i.e. to become part of the norm in the W3C comm team. I wonder if I could pull that off for calendars.

My first thought is authoring tools, but I don't think I can wait that long.
Next thought is instant-feedback checking tools...
X2V is really handy, but can't be used for confidential pages (and many/most calendars I use are not public).
So.. how about some in-browser javascript "yes, you got it right!" or "hmm... that looks like a date; is there an event you didn't mark up?" feedback? I think I saw something like that in hCalendar implementations.

[[User:DanC|DanC]] 09:00, 3 Feb 2006 (PST)

=== Laughing Squid ===

Laughing Squid had the following [http://laughingsquid.com/squidlist/calendar/9584/2005/4/7 multiple occurence event example]:

Thu, Apr 7 : Tu/Wed: 12-4pm Th/Fr/Sat 12-7pm Sun 12-6pm

In addition, later on in the description, it says:

April 7-21, 2005

This is actually quite a non-trivial example, because the event lasts for different durations on different days (4 hours, 7 hours, 6 hours).

Because of the differing durations, the specification requires that *each* instance of this recurring event be explicitly specified.

But first we markup the starting date and time explicitly:
<pre>
<abbr class="dtstart" title="20050407T1200-0700">Thu, Apr 7</abbr> :
</pre>
Then we put in the quite lengthy explicit specification of every other time the event occurs, marked up around the human readable description.
<pre>
<abbr class="rdate" title="20050407T1200-0700/PT7H, 20050408T1200-0700/PT7H,
20050409T1200-0700/PT7H, 20050410T1200-0700/PT6H, 20050412T1200-0700/PT4H,
20050413T1200-0700/PT4H, 200504014T1200-0700/PT7H, 20050415T1200-0700/PT7H,
20050416T1200-0700/PT7H, 20050417T1200-0700/PT6H, 20050419T1200-0700/PT4H,
20050420T1200-0700/PT4H, 20050421T1200-0700/PT7H" >
Tu/Wed: 12-4pm Th/Fr/Sat 12-7pm Sun 12-6pm
</abbr>
</pre>

The RDATE "PERIOD" format is fairly straightforward. You simply list *each* occurrence of the event, separated by commas. Each occurrence consists of the ISO8601 datetime of the start of the event, followed by a slash "/", followed by *either* the duration of the event (e.g. 7 hours = PT7H), *or* a complete ISO8601 datetime of the end of the event. I chose to use the duration of the event for this example for reason of brevity.

Note that "value=period:" is unnecessary in the rdate value since the parser can infer "value=period:" from the presence of a "/" in the title attribute value.

With simpler repeating events, or perhaps events which only repeat a day or two, their hCalendar markup may be more illustrative of how to do this in a general way.

== CSS Styles ==

Since the hCal properties are added in as HTML class names, you can style them with CSS class selectors along with other HTML class names. You are free to style these properties in any fashion you want (see specific notes), but here are a few examples that you can use.

=== Preserving White-space ===
If you are encoding data that requires tabs, returns, or other white-space to be perserved you can use the following CSS property to do so in HTML.
<pre><nowiki>
<span style="white-space: pre">
This white-space
will be
preserved
</span>
</nowiki></pre>
white-space can take one of three different parameters; normal, pre, and no-wrap.

=== Not recommended ===

The following CSS styling techniques are not recommended:

==== Hiding Data ====
It is possible to encode additional data without it being displayed in the HTML, by using the CSS style property 'display'.
<pre><nowiki>
<span style="display:none">Hidden Data</span>
</nowiki></pre>
This data will be found by any transforming application and will be properly encoded into an iCal file.

'''You SHOULD NOT do this because it violates the visibility priniciple.'''

== hCalendar for timelines ==

There have been some interesting discussions about how to use [[hcalendar|hCalendar]] for marking up timelines. Here are some pointers:

* [http://www.foundhistory.org/2006/05/05/calendars-as-timelines/ Calendars as Timelines]
* [http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ The Historical Event Markup and Linking (HEML) Project]
* [http://clioweb.org/archive/2006/05/04/css-based-timelines/ CSS-Based Timelines]

== Open Questions ==
=== Undecided Encodings of Certain Property Attributes ===
There are several attributes that still need to be discussed about how to property encode them into HTML.

For example the RSVP and ROLE attrbutes:
ATTENDEE;RSVP=TRUE;ROLE=REQ-PARTICIPANT:MAILTO:jsmith@host.com
or
ATTENDEE:CUTYPE=GROUP:MAILTO:john@host.com

Other attributes include:
* Delegate-To
* Delegate-from
* Sent-By
* Member
* Partstat
* CN
* DIR

Then all the enumerated possible values for each of these

=== General Questions ===
Q: Should Transforming applications purely extract the information and ignore validity? or should there be some checking, or should this be left to the importing application? (i.e. DTSTART;VALUE=DATE: This-Is-Not-a-proper-date)

A: The simpler the better. Other than checking for perhaps X(HT)ML validity, it should be a simple translator, because presumably the receiving iCalendar application has to have malformed .ics handling already. Let's avoid duplicating that. -- [http://tantek.com/ Tantek Çelik]

Q: What about multiple of the instances same vCal entity? (two instances of DTSTART) Is this left up to the importing application, or should the XSLT transformation fail?

A: Same as previous. Leave it up to the importing application to interpret it per the iCalendar spec, e.g. what does RFC2445 say about two instances of DTSTART? -- [http://tantek.com/ Tantek Çelik]

From RFC2445:
4.1.2 Multiple Values
Some properties defined in the iCalendar object can have multiple values. The general rule for encoding multi-valued items is to simply create a new content line for each value, including the property name. However, it should be noted that some properties support encoding multiple values in a single property by separating the values with a COMMA character (US-ASCII decimal 44). Individual property definitions should be consulted for determining whether a specific property allows multiple values and in which of these two forms.

Other than that, it does not mention what to do ABOUT invalid data, or which of the multiple entries takes precedence. The only mention of duplicate instances is in the RRULE and EXDATE rules where events exclusions/inclusions overlap. Then duplicate instances are ignore. If it is explicitly written for those items, but NOT for things like DTSTART, then it is difficult to assume duplicate instances are ignored for them as well.

Each of the Components (VEVENT, ...) define which properties can exisit and in what quantity. So multiple DTSTART properties are NOT allowed.
-- [http://suda.co.uk Brian Suda]

Q: Should vCal entitles be represented in XHTML in classes ONLY on block-level element? or should some like VEVENT be block-level and others be of any? does this impact the semantics at all?

A: I don't think the (X)HTML notion of "block-level" should have any bearing whatsoever on vCal entities. You should be able to say <span class="vevent"> or <div class="vevent"> and either should work.

Q: Should the transforming application add any additional information to the iCalendar representation other than what was encoded in the HTML? (i.e. UID, the unique identifier might not be present in the HTML code, but could be generated by the transforming application and added to the iCal file. Should this be allowed? or should the transforming app ONLY be allowed to add X-PROPERTY properties?) IF it was not explicitly encoded in the HTML should it be left out? What about default values?

Q: If we are looking at the most semantic way to encoding iCalendar data in HTML then several other attributes should be considered besides just 'class'. There are two other candidated, ID and REL. The ID tag MUST be unique within the XHTML file (this could be used for the UID property). The REL attribute can ONLY be applied to 'a' and 'link' tags, but might be helpful. Are namespac<ETH>H �n option? xml:lang, xml:base, are there any others that might be more semantically correct to encode this data?

Q: To help distinguish xparam values from other actual CSS styles, should we assume/mandate that all values in a class attribute within an encoded iCal component class attribute (<x class="vevent|vtodo|...">) be considered an xparam?

A: If you are using other CSS styles (e.g. "center", "bluebox", "greenline", etc.) nested within an iCal component, those should be avoided and the styles applied to the list of iCal properties instead/also?

<pre><nowiki>
.center, .vevent { text-align: center; }
</nowiki></pre>

Q: What about cases where the words "yesterday", "last year", or "last week" was used? How should we represent this? Is this overkill or not appropriate for hcard ? - [[User:B.K._DeLong]]

A: I took a stab at "yesterday" and just added a dtstart of the previous day. Not sure how to represent a single year or whole week - [[User:B.K._DeLong]]

<pre><nowiki>
<abbr class="dtstart" title="20050114">Yesterday's</abbr>
</nowiki></pre>

=== Recurring Events ===

Recurring events are tricky. First, there's the question of whether to follow ''For types with multiple components, use nested elements with class names equivalent to the names of the components'' a la
<pre>
<nowiki><div class="rrule">every <em class="interval">1</em>
<em class="freq">WEEKLY</em> on <em class="byday">TU</em>
until <em class="until">2004-11-01</em></div></nowiki>
</pre>
... or ...
<pre>
<nowiki><abbr class="rrule" title="FREQ=WEEKLY;COUNT=17;INTERVAL=2;BYDAY=TH"> every other
Thursday for 34 weeks</abbr></nowiki>
</pre>
... as in [http://microformats.org/discuss/mail/microformats-discuss/2005-August/000516.html Tantek's 1 Aug msg].

[http://www.w3.org/People/Connolly/ DanC] has been experimenting with representing his PDA calendar in hCalendar:

* in [http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/2001/palmagent/ palmagent], there's dangerSync.py which uses the XMLRPC interface and spits out RDF data. Then asHCal.xsl converts that to hCalendar
* then in [http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/ the RDF Calendar workspace], there's [http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/glean-hcal.xsl glean-hcal.xsl] that turns hCalendar into RDF Calendar, and finally,
* in [http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/ SWAP] there's [http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/pim/toIcal.py toIcal.py] that turns RDF Calendar to .ics format.

So I can go from my sidekick to .ics with one Makefile.

[http://dev.w3.org/cvsweb/2001/palmagent/event-test.html events-test.html] is a test file that has all the constructs from my PDA data, in hCalendar. In particular, it uses the nested element representation of recurring events. glean-hcal.xsl would be much less fun to write if it had to parse <nowiki>title="FREQ=WEEKLY;COUNT=17;INTERVAL=2;BYDAY=TH"</nowiki>.

Then there's the question of "every tuesday afternoon at 2pm Chicago time". This isn't expressible using [[datetime-design-pattern]]. There are some good reasons for that, but it leaves a rather large and uncomfortable gap in hCalendar.

=== Encoding Questions ===
The way dates are encoded is not always the most user friendly. If i want to encode january 1st, 2005, that is <code><span class="dtstart">20050101</span></code>, which is displayed as 20050101. If we are marking-up comma seperated values, like FN, with each sub-element inside their own tag, then the date should be allowed the same.

(However, FN is in the RFC2426 spec and vCard schema, these individual date terms are not, therefore the reasoning in the last sentence is incorrect. -[http://tantek.com/log/ Tantek])

<pre><nowiki>
20050101
<span class="dtstart"><span class="Year">2005</span><span class="Month">01</span><span class="Day">01</span></span>
</nowiki></pre>
With this encoding, then YYYYMMDD schema can be rearranged for different cultures, DD-MM-YYYY for UK, MM-DD-YYYY for US, etc.
<pre><nowiki>
02-01-2005
<span class="dtstart"><span class="Month">02</span>-<span class="Day">01</span>-<span class="Year">2005</span></span>
01-02-2005
<span class="dtstart"><span class="Day" title="first">01</span>-<span class="Month" title="Feb">02</span>-<span class="Year">2005</span></span>
</nowiki></pre>
Both of the above encodings are equal, the '-' seperator is ignored by the transforming application. -- [http://suda.co.uk Brian Suda]

Agreed that the way dates are encoded is not always the most user friendly, but there is an easier solution to this, once you think of what is actually going on in the difference between ISO8601 dates, and dates the way humans use them. Humans typically use an abbrevation or shorthand for a date, like "tomorrow", or "Tuesday", or "the 4th", or perhaps "July 4th". Thus it makes sense to permit this in hCalendar, using the <code><abbr></code> tag which provides the ability to markup the human-familiar short form of some data or language, while preserving the long form in the 'title' attribute.

E.g. for the above example of a start date of January 1st, 2005, you could use this markup:

<pre><nowiki>
<abbr class="dtstart" title="20050101">January 1st, 2005</abbr>
</nowiki></pre>

Which would display as <code>January 1st, 2005</code> but would provide the respective ISO8601 date in the title attribute. - [http://tantek.com/log Tantek]

== TO DO ==
=== XMDP Profile ===
* hCalendar XMDP profile ([[hcalendar-profile]]) needs to be created.

=== Applications ===
A simple implementation of transforming/extracting vCal data from an XHTML file is available for testing. A bookmarklet is also available. The code will be updated as the spec is finalised.
http://suda.co.uk/projects/X2V/ . You may also use http://feeds.technorati.com/events/ for parsing hCalendar events and returning an iCalendar stream.

=== Parsing ===

Need to write up an [[hcalendar-parsing]] document, similar to [[hcard-parsing]].

== Relationships with other microformats ==

In a [http://www.technologyreview.com/articles/04/10/frauenfelder1004.asp Technology Review interview], TBL said "It would have the relationships between the event and the various people chairing it.".

We should have examples of how hCalendar events can indicate such relationships, both in the format and in the presentation.

E.g.:
* Would it just link to URLs for the various people? (e.g. to their homepages/blogs etc.)
* Would it include hCards for the various people?
* Would it link to hCards for various people?
* Perhaps allow all the above?

== Mime-Type ==

According to RFC2445, the proposed media type value is 'text/calendar'.

A standard vCalendar file has an extension of .vcs and MIME type of text/x-vCalendar. If you use iCalendar, the MIME type is "text/Calendar" and the extension is .ics.

Text/X-vCalendar Content Type

The vCalendar object can also be passed as a non-standard MIME media type. This would be useful in order to clearly identify the vCalendar object in an electronic mail message body part. A non-standard, vCalendar object should be identified as the MIME type/subtype "text/x-vCalendar".

@@ - i have to do some more investigation, but (i think) vCalendar is a subset of iCalendar, so many of the same encodings will work for both, but this document is dealing with iCalendar RFC2445 representation!

== Button ==

We need to come up with a nice <code>[ hCal | friendly ]</code> button to indicate that event info on a page/site is using hCalendar. - [http://tantek.com/log/ Tantek].

Possibilities:
* <code>[ hCal | friendly ]</code>
* <code>[ hCal | aware ]</code>
* <code>[ hCal | inside ]</code>
* <code>[ Valid | hCalendar ]</code> - though that would require writing an hCalendar validator which people could link to.
* <code>[ <icon> | hCalendar ]</code> where <icon> could be some generic calendar looking thing, or it could be a PHP generated image with the actual date in the icon, kind of like how the Apple iCal icon updates in the dock automatically.

And then we have to pick colors and all that stuff - [http://tantek.com/log/ Tantek].

Other ideas:
* <code>[ hCal | enabled ]</code>
* <code>[ hCal | available ]</code> - kind of an off-hand reference to being available for meetings, etc.

- [http://meyerweb.com/ Eric]

== Including More of iCalendar ==

=== Free/Busy information ===

See [http://www.ifreebusy.com/cyclical/blog/ Neil Jensen]'s [http://www.ifreebusy.com/cyclical/blog/calendar/3 analysis of how to represent the iCalendar VFREEBUSY object in hCalendar].

In order to show free/busy information, we could either use the existing vevent class (with empty location, summary, etc. properties) or create a new vfreebusy class. We should create a new vfreebusy class because it is consistent with the XHTML design principles, particularly point #4, "Use class names based on names from the original schema...".

In the iCalendar standard, the vfreebusy calendar component frequently has more than one freebusy property, and also may have a number of other properties such as organizer. For example:

<pre><nowiki>
BEGIN:VFREEBUSY
ORGANIZER:jsmith@host.com
DTSTART:19980313T141711Z
DTEND:19980410T141711Z
FREEBUSY:19980314T233000Z/19980315T003000Z
FREEBUSY:19980316T153000Z/19980316T163000Z
FREEBUSY:19980318T030000Z/19980318T040000Z
URL:http://www.host.com/calendar/busytime/jsmith.ifb
END:VFREEBUSY
</nowiki></pre>

So, our hCalendar representation should include separate elements for the vfreebusy calendar component (defined once) and the freebusy property (possibly defined many times):

<pre><nowiki>
<span class="vfreebusy">
<span class="freebusy">
<abbr class="dtstart" title="20050721T1000-0800">
July 21, 2005 - 10:00
</abbr> -
<abbr class="dtend" title="20050721T1100-0800">
11:00
</abbr>
</span><br/>
<span class="freebusy">
<abbr class="dtstart" title="20050722T1000-0800">
July 22, 2005 - 10:00
</abbr> -
<abbr class="dtend" title="20050722T1100-0800">
11:00
</abbr>
</span><br/>
</span>
</nowiki></pre>

According to RFC2445 section 4.8.4.3, "When publishing a "VFREEBUSY" calendar component, the <nowiki>[ORGANIZER]</nowiki> property is used to specify the calendar that the published busy time came from." The organizer property type is CAL-ADDRESS, and can include "non-standard, language, common name and directory entry reference" property parameters. CAL-ADDRESS is "...a URI as defined by [RFC 1738] or any other IANA registered form...".

From what I've seen, Microsoft Outlook typically populates this property with the email address of the calendar owner, which initially made me think of using hCard to specify the organizer. However, given that the property refers to the calendar and not necessarily the person who owns or has published it, I think we should use a new organizer element, as shown below:

<pre><nowiki>
BEGIN:VFREEBUSY
ORGANIZER:jsmith@host.com
FREEBUSY:20050314T133000Z/20050314T163000Z
END:VFREEBUSY
</nowiki></pre>

becomes

<pre><nowiki>
<span class="vfreebusy">
organizer: <span class="organizer">jsmith@host.com</span>
<span class="freebusy">
<abbr class="dtstart" title="20050314T133000Z">
March 14, 2005 - 13:30
</abbr> -
<abbr class="dtend" title="20050314T163000Z">
16:30
</abbr>
</span><br/>
</span>
</nowiki></pre>

Hmmm, this looks a little funny when the organizer is so obviously an email address, but at least it is semantically correct. The other problem that I can now see occurring is when the organizer property has parameters, for example (from the iCalendar spec):

<pre><nowiki>
ORGANIZER;CN=JohnSmith;DIR="ldap://host.com:6666/o=3DDC%20Associ
ates,c=3DUS??(cn=3DJohn%20Smith)":MAILTO:jsmith@host1.com
</nowiki></pre>

Perhaps it's best to use the same approach described in "Human vs. ISO8601 dates problem solved"; use the abbr element like so:

<pre><nowiki>
<span class="vfreebusy">
<span class="freebusy">
organizer: <abbr class="organizer" title="CN=JohnSmith;DIR=ldap://host.com:6666/o=3DDC%20Associ
ates,c=3DUS??(cn=3DJohn%20Smith):MAILTO:jsmith@host1.com">jsmith@host1.com</abbr>
<abbr class="dtstart" title="20050314T133000Z">
March 14, 2005 - 13:30
</abbr> -
<abbr class="dtend" title="20050314T163000Z">
16:30
</abbr>
</span>
</span>
</nowiki></pre>

A different reading, particularly of section 4.6.4 "Free/Busy Component", is that the organizer property refers to a calendar user, not the calendar itself. In that section we find this: "When used to publish busy time, the "ORGANIZER" property specifies the calendar user associated with the published busy time".

Under this reading, an hCard might be appropriate. But if for some reason a simpler representation is wanted, using an <a> tag instead of <span> or <abbr> is closer semantically, more consistent with expected web presentation of uri-type data, and easily handles the ORGANIZER examples in the RFC. For example:

<pre><nowiki>
ORGANIZER;CN="John Smith":MAILTO:jsmith@host.com
</nowiki></pre>
becomes
<pre><nowiki>
<a class="organizer" href="mailto:jsmith@host.com">John Smith</a>
</nowiki></pre>
and
<pre><nowiki>
ORGANIZER;CN=JohnSmith;DIR="ldap://host.com:6666/o=3DDC%20Associ
ates,c=3DUS??(cn=3DJohn%20Smith)":MAILTO:jsmith@host1.com
</nowiki></pre>
becomes
<pre><nowiki>
<a class="organizer" href="mailto:jsmith@host.com"
title="DIR=ldap://host.com:6666/o=3DDC%20Associates,c=3DUS??(cn=3DJohn%20Smith)">John Smith</a>
</nowiki></pre>

=== To-Do information ===

The [http://www.policyawareweb.org/2005/ftf2/paw-mtg Policy Aware Web (PAW) Project Meeting - 23 Aug 2005] uses class="vtodo" to capture action items. Clearly recording action items from a meeting and publishing them as minutes is a good practical example use of the VTODO object on the web.

What's the scenario for usage though?

What kind of indexer/aggregator application would find these VTODO items and what would it do with them?

Perhaps with some way of figuring out who the to-do item is assigned to ("ATTENDEE"), who assigned it ("DELEGATED-FROM"), and a whitelisting of who, perhaps the "ORGANIZER" property, (and their domains/URLs) that a user would accept assignments from, a user could aggregate to-do items assigned from other folks. Then question remains how to update the status ("STATUS") (RFC 2445 4.8.1.11 Status) on that to-do item when it is (a) completed ("COMPLETED"), (b) abandoned/cut/rejected ("CANCELLED"), (c) some progress is made ("IN-PROCESS") etc. There certainly seems to be sufficient expressiveness in VTODO and its properties to do a decentralized to-do list / task distribution system. Could be very interesting for helping open source projects and other distributed teams do project management using the Web.

== References ==
=== Normative References ===
* [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2445.txt RFC 2445]
* [http://gmpg.org/xmdp/ XMDP]

=== Informative References ===
* [http://wiki.oreillynet.com/foocamp04/index.cgi?HTMLForCalendars HTMLForCalendars (FOO camp)] - presented just a few days before this, hopefully these efforts can be combine

* [http://www.imc.org/pdi/ Personal Data Interchange (PDI) at the Internet Mail Consortium]
* [http://tantek.com/log/2004/07.html#d27t1049 Markup language design notes]
* [http://tantek.com/log/2002/12.html#L20021216t2238 A Touch of Class]
* [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2446.txt iTIP RFC2446]
* [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2447.txt iMIP RFC2447]
* [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3283.txt Guide to Internet Calendaring RFC3283]

== Other Implementations/Ideas ==
* [http://www.nehmer.net/~bergie/openpsa-calendar-horizontal.jpg OpenPSA calendar screenshot]
* [http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/ RDF Calendar Workspace] - some older work done with RDF, not really applicable to the simple XHTML case, but perhaps worthy of analysis for when and why they may have diverged from established iCalendar schemas.
* [http://planb.nicecupoftea.org/archives/000072.html 2003 RDF icalendar work, xCal references]

== Blogs About Calendaring ==
* http://staff.washington.edu/oren/weblog2/

== Related Pages ==
{{hcalendar-related-pages}}

history-examples

2007-01-21T06:36:20Z

JeremyBoggs: /* HTML-based Timelines */

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

History seeks to show and explain change over time. With that in mind, how should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

== Participants ==

[http://clioweb.org Jeremy Boggs]

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====

Most HTML-based timelines use (very unsemantic) tables for markup.

[http://www.thocp.net/companies/microsoft/microsoft_company.htm Microsoft's Timeline from 1975-1990]

[http://www.footnote.com/topicpage.php?tp=2 HMS Titanic Timeline] Member-created timeline at [http://footnote.com Footnote].

[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

[http://tfaces.narod.ru/ Type Timeline (in Russian)]

[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/chrono.htm West Midland Bird Club history]

[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/exhibits/online_exhibits/dressed_to_the_nines/timeline.htm History of the Baseball Uniform Timeline] from the National Baseball Hall of Fame

[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=history-examples&action=history The History section of the History-Examples wiki page] Seems that the history sections of this wiki are essentially timelines, with historical information, showing change over time.

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

I include image and flash-based timelines to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums and Exhibits ====

[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

[http://www.designmuseum.org/digital/a-century-of-chairs A Century of Chairs] From the Design Museum.

[http://www.mcny.org/ Museum of the City of New York]

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People, Biographies, and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

The following timelines provide a comparative list of the timeframes in which select political leaders around the world were in power:

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin1.htm 20th Century - First Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin2.htm 20th Century - Second Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin3.htm 20th Century - Third Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin4.htm 20th Century - Fourth Quarter]

==== Places ====

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==

history-examples

2007-01-12T13:59:01Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Participants */

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

History seeks to show and explain change over time. With that in mind, how should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

== Participants ==

[http://clioweb.org Jeremy Boggs]

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====

Most HTML-based timelines use (very unsemantic) tables for markup.

[http://www.footnote.com/topicpage.php?tp=2 HMS Titanic Timeline] Member-created timeline at [http://footnote.com Footnote].

[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

[http://tfaces.narod.ru/ Type Timeline (in Russian)]

[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/chrono.htm West Midland Bird Club history]

[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/exhibits/online_exhibits/dressed_to_the_nines/timeline.htm History of the Baseball Uniform Timeline] from the National Baseball Hall of Fame

[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=history-examples&action=history The History section of the History-Examples wiki page] Seems that the history sections of this wiki are essentially timelines, with historical information, showing change over time.

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

I include image and flash-based timelines to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums and Exhibits ====

[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

[http://www.designmuseum.org/digital/a-century-of-chairs A Century of Chairs] From the Design Museum.

[http://www.mcny.org/ Museum of the City of New York]

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People, Biographies, and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

The following timelines provide a comparative list of the timeframes in which select political leaders around the world were in power:

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin1.htm 20th Century - First Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin2.htm 20th Century - Second Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin3.htm 20th Century - Third Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin4.htm 20th Century - Fourth Quarter]

==== Places ====

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==

history-examples

2007-01-12T13:55:59Z

JeremyBoggs: /* HTML-based Timelines */

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

History seeks to show and explain change over time. With that in mind, how should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

== Participants ==

Jeremy Boggs

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====

Most HTML-based timelines use (very unsemantic) tables for markup.

[http://www.footnote.com/topicpage.php?tp=2 HMS Titanic Timeline] Member-created timeline at [http://footnote.com Footnote].

[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

[http://tfaces.narod.ru/ Type Timeline (in Russian)]

[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/chrono.htm West Midland Bird Club history]

[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/exhibits/online_exhibits/dressed_to_the_nines/timeline.htm History of the Baseball Uniform Timeline] from the National Baseball Hall of Fame

[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=history-examples&action=history The History section of the History-Examples wiki page] Seems that the history sections of this wiki are essentially timelines, with historical information, showing change over time.

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

I include image and flash-based timelines to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums and Exhibits ====

[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

[http://www.designmuseum.org/digital/a-century-of-chairs A Century of Chairs] From the Design Museum.

[http://www.mcny.org/ Museum of the City of New York]

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People, Biographies, and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

The following timelines provide a comparative list of the timeframes in which select political leaders around the world were in power:

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin1.htm 20th Century - First Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin2.htm 20th Century - Second Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin3.htm 20th Century - Third Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin4.htm 20th Century - Fourth Quarter]

==== Places ====

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==

history-examples

2006-12-22T16:37:14Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Museums */

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

History seeks to show and explain change over time. With that in mind, how should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

== Participants ==

Jeremy Boggs

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====

Most HTML-based timelines use (very unsemantic) tables for markup.

[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

[http://tfaces.narod.ru/ Type Timeline (in Russian)]

[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/chrono.htm West Midland Bird Club history]

[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/exhibits/online_exhibits/dressed_to_the_nines/timeline.htm History of the Baseball Uniform Timeline] from the National Baseball Hall of Fame

[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=history-examples&action=history The History section of the History-Examples wiki page] Seems that the history sections of this wiki are essentially timelines, with historical information, showing change over time.

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

I include image and flash-based timelines to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums and Exhibits ====

[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

[http://www.designmuseum.org/digital/a-century-of-chairs A Century of Chairs] From the Design Museum.

[http://www.mcny.org/ Museum of the City of New York]

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People, Biographies, and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

The following timelines provide a comparative list of the timeframes in which select political leaders around the world were in power:

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin1.htm 20th Century - First Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin2.htm 20th Century - Second Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin3.htm 20th Century - Third Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin4.htm 20th Century - Fourth Quarter]

==== Places ====

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==

history-examples

2006-12-22T16:34:02Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Reference */

history-examples

2006-12-22T16:32:43Z

JeremyBoggs:

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

History seeks to show and explain change over time. With that in mind, how should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

== Participants ==

Jeremy Boggs

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====

Most HTML-based timelines use (very unsemantic) tables for markup.

[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

[http://tfaces.narod.ru/ Type Timeline (in Russian)]

[http://www.westmidlandbirdclub.com/club/chrono.htm West Midland Bird Club history]

[http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/exhibits/online_exhibits/dressed_to_the_nines/timeline.htm History of the Baseball Uniform Timeline] from the National Baseball Hall of Fame

[http://microformats.org/wiki?title=history-examples&action=history The History section of the History-Examples wiki page] Seems that the history sections of this wiki are essentially timelines, with historical information, showing change over time.

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

I include image and flash-based timelines to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums ====

[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People, Biographies, and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

The following timelines provide a comparative list of the timeframes in which select political leaders around the world were in power:

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin1.htm 20th Century - First Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin2.htm 20th Century - Second Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin3.htm 20th Century - Third Quarter]

[http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/timelin4.htm 20th Century - Fourth Quarter]

==== Places ====

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==

history-examples

2006-12-22T16:27:54Z

JeremyBoggs: /* HTML-based Timelines */

history-examples

2006-12-09T01:45:08Z

JeremyBoggs: /* HTML-based Timelines */

history-examples

2006-12-09T01:44:55Z

JeremyBoggs: /* HTML-based Timelines */

history-examples

2006-10-31T01:25:55Z

JeremyBoggs:

history-examples

2006-10-29T21:14:49Z

JeremyBoggs: /* The Problem */

history-examples

2006-10-29T21:13:13Z

JeremyBoggs: /* Historical Timelines */

= History Examples =

Per the microformats [[process]] this is an [[examples]] page documenting existing real world examples of historical information published on the Web.

== The Problem ==

How should we mark up content that has specific historical contexts, meanings, and/or values?

== Participants ==

Jeremy Boggs

== Real-World Examples ==
=== Historical Timelines ===

==== Tools for Timelines ====

[http://heml.org/heml-cocoon/ Historical Event and Markup Linking (HEML) Project] includes an "XML schema for historical events which describes the events' participants, dates, location and keywords; the schema associates these with source materials in print or on the web" and "XSLT stylesheets that combine conforming documents and generate lists, maps and graphical timelines out of them."

[http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/ SIMILE Timeline Builder ] from MIT. The SIMILE timeline uses JavaScript and XML to create a timeline. The [http://simile.mit.edu/timeline/docs/example1.xml XML markup ]:

[http://www.xylogue.com/control/timeline/archive001/timeline-001.htm Timelines by XYLOGUE].

[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/EasyTimeline EasyTimeline] (also at [http://infodisiac.com/Wikipedia/EasyTimeline/Introduction.htm Infodisiac]) "is a Mediawiki graphical plugin for visual timelines."

[http://www.davidgagne.net/?p=6188 Timeline WordPress Plugin]

==== HTML-based Timelines ====

Most HTML-based timelines use (very unsemantic) tables for markup.

[http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/sheetmusic/timeline-1860.html Historic American Sheet Music - Timeline: 1860-1869]

[http://www.foodtimeline.org/ The Food Timeline]: Food history reference and research service.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_timelines List of Timelines] from Wikipedia. Lists timelines available on Wikipedia.

[http://www.historyplace.com/lincoln/index.html The History Place presents Abraham Lincoln]

[http://pw2.netcom.com/~rogermw/century.html That Wacky Century!]

[http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/0history/hwny-tubman.html Harriet Tubman Timeline]

[http://www.ourtimelines.com/ OurTimeLines]

[http://www.decades.com/ Decades.com]

[http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/geo_timeline.html EVOLUTIONARY/GEOLOGICAL TIMELINE v1.0] from Talk.Origins

==== Image and Flash-based Timelines ====

I include image and flash-based timelines to get a sense of what content ''might'' be included, even though the content isn't marked up in these examples.

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/timeline/1940.shtml Women's History Timeline, 1940-1949]

[http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/ice_ages/when_ice_ages.html When Ice Ages Occur]

[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/intro/atr/01sm.htm Timeline of Art History, Metropolitan Museum of Art]

=== General History Sites ===

==== Reference ====
[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History History Wikibooks]. Examples include [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/World_History World History],

[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/History_of_the_United_States U.S. History], and [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_History Modern History]

[http://www.bbc.net.uk/history/ BBC - History]

[http://eyewitnesstohistory.com/ Eyewitness to History]

[http://www.history.com/ The History Channel]

[http://worldhistorymatters.org World History Matters]

[http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/ Liberty, Equality, Fraternity: Exploring the French Revolution]

[http://dohistory.org DoHistory]

[http://memory.loc.gov American Memory]

[http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/ Making of America]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/perfectunion/non-flash/overview.html A More Perfect Union: Japanese Americans and the Constitution] (non-flash version)

==== Bloggers and Weblogs ====

[http://earlymodernweb.org.uk/emn/ Early Modern Notes]

[http://littleprofessor.typepad.com The Little Professor]

[http://airminded.org Airminded: Airpower and British society, 1908-1941]

[http://archaeoastronomy.wordpress.com/ Archaeoastronomy]

[http://civilwarmemory.typepad.com/ Civil War Memory]

[http://alincolnblog.blogspot.com/ Abraham Lincoln Blog]

[http://www.froginawell.net/ Frog in a Well] (east Asian history and culture)

==== Museums ====

[http://www.si.edu Smithsonian Institution]

[http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/ National Museum of American History]

[http://www.mnh.si.edu/ National Museum of Natural History]

[http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/ The British Museum]. Their [http://www.thebritishmuseum.ac.uk/worldofmoney/index.html World of Money] is a historical exhibit on the history of money around the globe.

=== Types of Historical Information ===

==== Dates and Time Periods ====

===== Centuries =====

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8th_century 8th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_century 15th Century]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century 19th Century]

===== Decades =====

[http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s/front.html 1930s]

[http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/decade80.html 1980s]

===== Days =====

[http://www.jcs-group.com/military/normandy/timeline.html June 6, 1944 "D-Day"]

==== Events ====

[http://aotw.org/ The Battle of Antietam on the Web]

==== People/Biographies and Profiles ====

Most biographical profiles provide dates of birth and death, detail important events with which the person was involved, and outline general historical contexts in which the person lived and participated.

[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08409c.htm St. Joan of Arc]

[http://www.history.rochester.edu/class/douglass/home.html Frederick Douglass]

[http://www.luminarium.org/renlit/elizabio.htm Queen Elizabeth I]

[http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/mahatma_ghandi.htm Mahatma Ghandi]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genghis_Khan Genghis Khan - Wikipedia]

[http://www.newton.cam.ac.uk/newtlife.html Sir Isaac Newton]

[http://www.time.com/time/time100/leaders/profile/thatcher.html Time 100: Margaret Thatcher]

[http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/gw1.html Biography of George Washington]

==== Places ====

== Existing Practices ==

== See Also ==