rel-tag

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rel-tag

Draft Specification 2005-01-10

Editors/Authors
Tantek Çelik
Kevin Marks
Concept
Derek Powazek

Copyright

This specification is (C) 2004-2024 by the authors. However, the authors intend to submit (or already have submitted, see details in the spec) this specification to a standards body with a liberal copyright/licensing policy such as the GMPG, IETF, and/or W3C. Anyone wishing to contribute should read their copyright principles, policies and licenses (e.g. the GMPG Principles) and agree to them, including licensing of all contributions under all required licenses (e.g. CC-by 1.0 and later), before contributing.

  • Tantek: I release all my contributions to this specification into the public domain and I encourage the other authors to do so as well.
    • When all authors/editors have done so, we can remove the MicroFormatCopyrightStatement template reference and replace it with the MicroFormatPublicDomainContributionStatement.

Patents

This specification is subject to a royalty free patent policy, e.g. per the W3C Patent Policy, and IETF RFC3667 & RFC3668.

Abstract

Rel-Tag is one of several MicroFormats. By adding rel="tag" to a hyperlink, a page indicates that the destination of that hyperlink is an author-designated "tag" (or keyword/subject) for the current page. Note that a tag may just refer to a major portion of the current page (i.e. a blog post). e.g. by placing this link on a page, 

<a href="http://technorati.com/tag/tech" rel="tag">tech</a>

the author indicates that the page (or some portion of the page) has the tag "tech".

The linked page SHOULD exist, and it is the linked page, rather than the link text, that defines the tag. The last path component of the URL is the text of the tag, so 

<a href="http://technorati.com/tag/tech" rel="tag">fish</a>

would indicate the tag "tech" rather than "fish".

Scope

rel="tag" is specifically designed for "tagging" content, typically web pages (or portions thereof, like blog posts).

rel="tag" is NOT designed for "tagging" arbitrary URLs or external content. There is demand for a general decentralized syntax for tagging URLs external to the current page, but this is not meant for that. See xFolk and hReview for ways to tag arbitrary URLs.

If you need to define tags as part of a more specialized format, rel="tag" is the recommended way to do so, and xFolk, hReview, hCard and hCalendar all do this.

XMDP profile

<dl class="profile">
 <dt id="rel">rel</dt>
 <dd><p>
   <a rel="help" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/struct/links.html#adef-rel">
     HTML4 definition of the 'rel' attribute.</a>  
   Here is an additional value.</p>
  <dl>
   <dt id="tag">tag</dt>
   <dd>Indicates that the referred resource serves as a "tag", 
       or keyword/subject, for the referring page.</dd>
  </dl>
 </dd>
</dl>

Tag Spaces

Tags are embedded in HTTP URIs in a well-defined manner so that the tag embedded in an HTTP URI can be mechanically extracted from that URI. Specifically, the last segment of the path portion of the URI (after the final "/" character) contains the tag value. For example, the URI 

http://www.example.com/tags/foo

contains the tag "foo".

Thus, for the purposes of comparing two HTTP URIs as tags, the last segment of the path portion should be extracted and only that value (that value of the tag) should be compared.

Need more formal language about comparison and extraction process.

The destination of a rel="tag" hyperlink is required to be a tag space (a place that collates or defines tags), where the last segment of the path of the URL is the tag, e.g. 

http://technorati.com/tag/tech

is a URL for the tag "tech".

Tags may only be placed in the URL path, and only in the last segment of the path. Tags may not be placed in query parameters or fragment identifiers. e.g. 

http://technorati.com/tag/tech?tag=fish#emu

is still a URL for the tag "tech", not "fish" or "emu".

Since the only part of a tag space URL of which any structure is required is the last path segment, a tag space URL can be hosted at any domain. Authors may choose to link to a tag at a particular tag space in order to provide a specific meaning. E.g. a tag for technology could link to: 

  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology

Trailing slashes in tag URLs are ignored, that is: 

  http://technorati.com/tag/Technology/

as a rel-tag URL is treated as: 

  http://technorati.com/tag/Technology

Encoding issues

Spaces can be encoded either as + or %20. Unicode characters are encoded as specified in RFC 3986. For example: 

<a href="http://technorati.com/tag/Sant%C3%A9+et+bien-%C3%AAtre" rel="tag">Santé et bien-être</a>

Note that if using Wikipedia as a tagspace, as discussed above, you should use %20 as they remap '+' to %2B, causing a page with a plus sign in the title (which usually does not exist) to appear.

Tags Are Visible Metadata

rel="tag" hyperlinks are intended to be visible links on pages and posts. This is in stark contrast to meta keywords (which were invisible and typically never revealed to readers), and thus is at least somewhat more resilient to the problems which plagued meta keywords.

Making tag hyperlinks visible has the additional benefit of making it more obvious to readers if a page is abusing tag links, and thus providing more peer pressure for better behavior. It also makes it more obvious to authors, who may not always be aware what invisible metadata is being generated on their behalf.

As a result the invisible tag link syntax variant: <link rel="tag" href="..." /> SHOULD NOT be supported by implementations.

Examples in the Wild

This section is informative.

The following sites have implemented rel-tag, and thus are a great place to start for anyone looking for examples "in the wild" to try parsing, indexing, organizing etc. If your site marked up with rel-tag, feel free to add it to the top of this list. Once the list grows too big, we'll make a separate wiki page.

  • Keevu.com uses rel-tag to indicate content categories on most pages, like venues
  • Amazing Incredible uses rel-tag on content pages
  • AuctionLink uses rel-tag on Auction Sales Listings tags.
  • Christian Hess uses rel-tag on his homepage blog and several other pages of his site.
  • Spacedust uses rel-tag to mark up gallery pages.
  • My Opera uses rel-tag for tags on all user's blog entries.
  • Dev Opera uses rel-tag on all article tags.
  • UNT International uses rel-tag to indicate content categories on most pages
  • Yedda - Yedda publishes rel-tags for all of the tags the people entered on themselves as well as on all tags entered on questions asked on Yedda.
  • Lingr publishes rel-tags for all user entered tags.
  • ODEO publishes rel-tags for user entered tags.
  • Eventful publishes rel-tags for user entered tags.
  • Spinn3r implements rel-tag as well as RSS and Atom subject and categories.

Implementations

This section is informative.

The following implementations have been developed which either generate or parse rel-tag links. If you have a rel-tag implementation, feel free to add it to the top of this list. Once the list grows too big, we'll make a separate wiki page.

References

Normative References

  • HTML 4
  • XHTML 1
  • XMDP
  • RFC 3986 specifies URL syntax. Section 3.3 specifies URL paths and path segments.

Informative References

Discussions

Q&A

  • If you have any questions about rel-tag, check the rel FAQ first for general rel attribute questions, then check the rel-tag FAQ, and then if you don't find answers, ask your question on the microformats-discuss mailing list.

Related pages

The rel-tag specification is a work in progress. As additional aspects are discussed, understood, and written, they will be added. These thoughts, issues, and questions are kept in separate pages.

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