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<h1>hAudio 0.1</h1>
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http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1216/604867362_da0921136a_o.png


[[haudio|hAudio]] is a simple, open, distributed format, suitable for embedding information about audio recordings in (X)HTML, Atom, RSS, and arbitrary XML. hAudio is one of several [[microformats]] open standards.
[[haudio|hAudio]] is a simple, open, distributed format, suitable for embedding information about audio recordings in (X)HTML, Atom, RSS, and arbitrary XML. hAudio is one of several [[microformats]] open standards. This page and Microformat is in the public domain.


== hAudio Microformat Draft Specification 2007-04-18 ==
== hAudio Microformat Draft Specification ==


; Editor: [[User:ManuSporny | Manu Sporny]], [http://www.bitmunk.com/ Bitmunk] - [http://blog.digitalbazaar.com Digital Bazaar], Inc.
=== Editors ===
; Authors: [[User:ManuSporny | Manu Sporny]], [http://www.bitmunk.com/ Bitmunk] - [http://blog.digitalbazaar.com Digital Bazaar], Inc.
* [[User:ManuSporny | Manu Sporny]] ([http://www.bitmunk.com/ Bitmunk] - [http://blog.digitalbazaar.com Digital Bazaar], Inc.)
: Martin McEvoy
* [[ user:WebOrganics | Martin McEvoy ]]
: Alexandre Van De Sande
=== Authors ===
: Michael Johnson
* [[User:ManuSporny | Manu Sporny]]  
: Dave Longley
* [[ user:WebOrganics | Martin McEvoy ]]


Microformats [http://microformats.org/wiki/haudio#Copyright copyright] and [http://microformats.org/wiki/haudio#Patents patents] statements apply.
=== Contributors===
[[User:ManuSporny | Manu Sporny]], [[ user:WebOrganics | Martin McEvoy ]], [[  User:AlexandreVandeSande | Alexandre Van De Sande ]], Michael Johnson, Dave Longley, Brian Suda, Ben Wiley Sittler, Scott Reynen, Frances Berriman, James Craig, David Janes, [[User:AndyMabbett|Andy Mabbett]], Danny Ayers, Rudy Desjardins, Theresa O'Connor, Ryan King, Chris Griego, Brad Hafichuk, Tantek Çelik, Colin Barrett, Joe Andrieu, Michael Smethurst, [[User:ChrisNewell | Chris Newell]], Julian Stahnke, Justin Maxwell, Paul Wilkins and David I. Lehn.


__TOC__
Microformats [[#Copyright]] and [[#Patents]] statements apply.


== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
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=== Inspiration and Acknowledgments ===
=== Inspiration and Acknowledgments ===


Many thanks to the various individuals that did research and proposed ideas and discussion related to media info and audio info in general. Among the many participants are [[RodBegbie]], Dean Hudson, [http://tantek.com/log/|Tantek Çelik], Mary Hodder (http://napsterization.org/stories/), Joshua Kinberg (http://joshkinberg.com/blog/), ChrisMessina, and Lisa Rein (http://onlisareinsradar.com/).
Many thanks to the various individuals that did research and proposed ideas and discussion related to media info and audio info in general. Among the many participants are [[RodBegbie]], Dean Hudson, [http://tantek.com/log/ Tantek Çelik], [http://napsterization.org/stories/ Mary Hodder], [http://joshkinberg.com/blog/ Joshua Kinberg], ChrisMessina, and [http://onlisareinsradar.com/ Lisa Rein][http://www.irstaxreliefsettlement.com .]


=== Scope ===
=== Scope ===
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Audio content consistently share several common fields.  Where possible hAudio has been based on this minimal common subset.
Audio content consistently share several common fields.  Where possible hAudio has been based on this minimal common subset.


==== Out of scope ====
=== Out of scope ===


Fields that are type-specific have been omitted from hAudio.  It is important that hAudio be kept simple and minimal from the start.  Additional features can be added as deemed necessary by practical implementation experience.
Fields that are type-specific have been omitted from hAudio.  It is important that hAudio be kept simple and minimal from the start.  Additional features can be added as deemed necessary by practical implementation experience.
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The concept of a universal audio identifier, that is, how to identify the same audio album, song, speech, or podcast across different music and audio sites, though something very useful to have, is outside the scope of this format.
The concept of a universal audio identifier, that is, how to identify the same audio album, song, speech, or podcast across different music and audio sites, though something very useful to have, is outside the scope of this format.


== Semantic XHTML Design Principles ==
== Format ==


{{semantic-xhtml-design-principles}}
{{rfc-2119-intro}}
 
== Format ==


=== In General ===
=== In General ===
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* hAudio ('''<code>haudio</code>''')
* hAudio ('''<code>haudio</code>''')
** '''title'''. required. text.
** '''fn''' or/and '''album''' required. text.
** '''collaborator'''. optional. [[hCard]].
** '''contributor'''. optional. using text or [[hCard]].
*** suggested roles: speaker, artist, composer, band, publisher
** '''duration'''. optional. ISO-8601 time duration. (re-used from [[hcalendar]]).
** '''release-date'''. optional. using [[date-pattern]].
** '''item''' optional. using text or multiple properties from [[hAudio]].
** '''sample'''. optional. using rel-sample.
** '''position''' optional. text.
** '''acquire'''. optional. using rel-acquire or rel-payment.
** '''category'''. optional. text.
** '''image-summary'''. optional. using img.
** '''published'''. optional.
** '''genre'''. optional. text.
** '''photo'''. optional. using any element containing a URL, such as IMG.
** '''length'''. optional. time in units. abbr-pattern.
** '''description''' optional. text.
** '''price'''. optional. hCurrency.
** '''sample''' (rel). optional. sample file/stream using [[rel-design-pattern]] with <code>sample</code> as the <code>mf-rel-value</code>.
 
** '''enclosure''' (rel). optional. full download of file using [[rel-enclosure]].
'''tracks''' and '''songs''' are denoted by embedding hAudio's inside of hAudios and using the [[collection-id-pattern]].
** '''payment''' (rel). optional. link to purchase process using [[rel-payment]].
** '''price''' optional. Using the sub properties '''currency''' and '''amount'''.


=== Field details ===
=== Field details ===
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The fields of the hAudio schema represent the following:
The fields of the hAudio schema represent the following:


The following field names have been reused from the [[hcard|hCard]] and [[hcalendar|hCalendar]] microformats: <code>version, summary, fn, url, photo, description</code>.  In addition, items and reviewers described by hCards MAY contain any hCard field.  The rel value "self" has been reused from the [http://atompub.org/2005/07/11/draft-ietf-atompub-format-10.html Atom 1.0 specification].
==== hAudio ====
 
An hAudio is used to identify and describe metadata associated with an audio recording.


=== More Semantic Equivalents ===
* an hAudio element is identified by class name <code>haudio</code>


For some properties there is a more semantic equivalent, and therefore they get special treatment, e.g.:
==== fn ====
 
The name of a single audio recording is a short textual description used to identify the work among interested parties. This can be the name of a speech, song name, or short description regarding a sound effect.
 
* The element is identified by the class name <code>fn</code>.
* hAudio {{must}} have <code>fn</code> or/and <code>album</code>.
 
==== Album ====
 
The title of a collection of audio recordings, such as those that are represented as a CD, album or LP. The text should be a short textual description used to identify the work among interested parties.
 
* The element is identified by the class name <code>album</code>.
* hAudio {{must}} have either <code>album</code> or <code>fn</code> or both.
 
==== Item ====
 
A container for another hAudio item, which MUST be considered a part of the parent audio recording. An example of an item that is part of an hAudio would be a track in an audio album, a aria in an Opera, or a section of a podcast.
 
* The element is identified by the class name <code>item</code>.
* hAudio {{may}} have one or more items.
* The element {{must}} be processed opaquely. No sub-elements should be read from any hAudio contained in a track element.
* The contents of the element {{must}} be marked up using properties in hAudio.


* For any "url", use <code><a class="url" href="...">...</a></code> inside the element with the class name 'haudio' in hAudio.
==== Position ====
* And for "image-summary", use <code><img class="image-summary" src="..." alt="Photo of ..." /></code>


==== Language ====
The position is used to describe the position of the hAudio item in a list. Examples of hAudio lists can include album track listings, music top 10 lists, playlists, and podcast chapters.


* To explicitly convey the natural language that an hAudio is written in, use the standard (X)HTML 'lang' attribute on the element with class="haudio", e.g. <code>&lt;div class="haudio" lang="en"&gt; ... &lt;/div&gt;</code> If portions of an hAudio (e.g. the item name) are in a different language, use the 'lang' attribute on those portions.
* The element is identified by the class name <code>position</code>.
* hAudio processors which need to handle the language of reviews MUST process the standard (X)HTML 'lang' attribute as specified.
* hAudio {{may}} include one <code>position</code> element.
* The contents of the element {{must}} be a number or other sequential identifier.
* The sequential identifier {{may}} be specified out-of-sequence.  


=== Human vs. Machine Readable ===
==== Contributor ====
If an <code>&lt;abbr></code> element is used for a property, then its '<code>title</code>' attribute is used for the value of the property, instead of the contents of the element, which can then be used to provide a user-friendly alternate presentation of the value.


Similarly, if an <code><img /></code> element is used for one or more properties, it MUST be treated as follows:
A Contributor is any entity that takes part in the creation and distribution of an audio recording. Examples include: artist, composer, publisher, guitarist, vocalist, violinist, lead singer, backup singer, bassist, drummer, manager, and roadie.


# For the "image-summary" property and any other property that takes a URL as its value, the <code>src="..."</code> attribute provides the property value.  
* The element is identified by the class name <code>contributor</code>.
# For other properties, the <code><img /></code> element's '<code>alt</code>' attribute is the value of the property.
* hAudio {{may}} include one or more contributors.
* The contributor's name SHOULD also be marked up as a valid hCard Microformat. [[hcard]]
*# The <code>role</code> attribute {{should}} be used to specify the contributor's responsibility related to the audio recording if hCard is utilized.
* The contributor's name {{may}} be specified in plain-text without being enclosed in a hCard Microformat.


=== Object Includes ===
==== Published ====


hAudio includes support for the [[id-based-collection-pattern]].
The published date specifies the date that the audio recording was made available to the public. Examples include: The airing date of a radio broadcast, the day a speech was given, or the day a music album was made available for sale.


* The element is identified by the class name <code>published</code>.
* hAudio {{may}} include one or more <code>published</code> elements.
* The contents of the element {{may}} include a date format compliant with the [[datetime-design-pattern]].


=== Notes ===
==== Sample ====


This section is informative.
A Sample URI specifies from where an excerpt of the audio recording may be retrieved.


* By marking up audio content with the hAudio microformat, the expectation is communicated that information about the content MAY be indexed.  This has no impact on the copyright of the content itself which the publisher may explicitly specify using [[rel-license]] as specified above.
* The element is identified by a URI fitting the [[rel-design-pattern]], the rel content being <code>sample</code>.
* The enumerated list of item types is under development and may be extended.
* hAudio {{may}} include one or more URI <code>sample</code>s.
* Each type may have custom hAudio fields that follow the common set.
* The URI {{should}} point to a directly accessible stream or file.
* Additional details about a particular item should be specified with the rest of the item's info at the URL provided for the item.
* The type of the sample {{may}} be specified by using the <code>type</code> specifier for a URI.


== Examples ==
==== Full Download (Enclosure) ====
Here are a few examples of audio content from current web sites, and how they could be easily enhanced to support the hAudio audio metadata microformat. 


Want to write valid [[haudio|hAudio]]?  Use the [http://microformats.org/code/haudio/creator hAudio creator] (not implemented yet) to write about audio content and publish it on your blog.
A Full Download URI specifies from where the full version of an audio recording may be retrieved. The URI {{must}} point to a direct link to a file retrieval process (FTP, HTTP, BitTorrent URI, etc).


=== Speech ===
* The element is identified by a URI fitting the [[rel-design-pattern]], the rel content being <code>enclosure</code>.
* hAudio {{may}} include one or more <code>enclosure</code> URIs.
* The type of the file {{should}} be specified by using the <code>type</code> specifier for a URI.


Publication of audio speeches on blogs is often called "podcasting".  In essence though, it is simply audio speech publishing.  Quotes of audio files are beginning to appear, and publishers are putting up files with links to other audio files they've quoted from.  Most audio appears to often have the same base elements as video and photos, with the exception of quotes.
==== Purchase (Payment) ====


==== Individual Publishing of Speech ====
A Purchase URI specifies from where the full version of an audio recording may be purchased. The URI {{must}} point to the beginning of a purchase process for the hAudio.


* [http://www.microformats.org/blog/2005/09/30/web-essentials-audio/ Microformats: Web Essentials Audio]
* The element is identified by a URI fitting the [[rel-design-pattern]], the rel content being <code>payment</code>.
** Appears to be composed of:
* hAudio {{may}} include one or more <code>payment</code> URIs.
*** title/summary of the recording
* The type of the file {{may}} be specified by using the <code>type</code> specifier for a URI.
*** clickable hyperlink to the recording (MP3)
** Contextual:
*** (primary) speaker is indicated in nearby text


* [http://www.thechrispirilloshow.com/help/20060119_chuck_cummins_on_windows_vista_interface_design.phtml Chris Pirillo podcast]
==== Photo ====
** This example has a Title, Html URL, media URL(s), description or summary, categories/tags underneath what is viewable, and date.  +10k


* [http://yukelzon.blogspot.com/2006/01/podcasts.html Reflog's Random Thoughts podcast]
A photo specifies an image that should be used to summarize the audio recording. Examples include: the image of a speaker, an audio album cover image, or a picture from a concert.
** This example has a Title, Html URL, description or summary, creator, tags and publish time and date.  +10k records.


* [http://www.evilgeniuschronicles.org/wordpress/2006/01/12/egc-clambake-for-january-12-2006/ Evil Genius Chronicles podcast]
* The element is identified by the class name <code>photo</code>.
** This example has a Title, Html URL, description or summary, quotes URLs and descriptions, licence, creator, tags and publish time and date.  +10k records.
* hAudio {{may}} include one or more <code>photo</code> elements.
* The element {{should}} use an &lt;img&gt; element.
* The element {{may}} use any other element that contains a URL, such as &lt;a&gt; or &lt;object&gt;, but it is not recommended.


* [http://www(dot)bizbyjake.com/2006/01/how-are-you-doing.html media published from a blog, Jake Steinfeld's Audio Blog] NOTE: this record had trouble because mediawiki blocks any DOTbiz domains and so while this domain coincidentally has a DOTbizbyjake.com name that is not a TLD, it was still blocked in the loading of the page with this example.  So please adjust the URL manually and then visit the site.
==== Category ====
** This example has a Title, Html URL, media URL, creator and publish time and date. +10k records.


* [http://mattstodayinhistory.blogspot.com Matt's today in history]
The Category specifies the genre or style used to classify the audio recording. Examples include: blues, rock, motivational, spoken word, or sound effect.
** [http://www.podshow.com/shows/?mode=detail&episode_id=56539 mp3 episode example]
*** Information displayed: Title, transcripts, download link, rss feed, author


* [http://reviews.cnet.com/4520-11455_7-6457370-1.html Buzz Out Loud]
* The element is identified by the class name <code>category</code>.
** [http://chkpt.zdnet.com/chkpt/1pcast.bole.041107/http://podcast-files.cnet.com/podcast/cnetbuzz_041107.mp3 episode example]
* hAudio {{may}} include one or more <code>category</code> elements.
*** Information displayed: Title, episode summary, length, date
* This element {{may}} be expressed using the [[rel-tag]] elemental microformat. When a category is expressed using rel-tag, the content of the element is used as the text for the category. For example: <code><a class="category" rel="tag" href="/tags/symphony">Symphonic</a></code> would have "Symphonic" as the text for the category.
*** Information displayed on a separated page: Title, episode summary, lenght, date, show links, voice mail, emails received


* [http://podcast.rubyonrails.org/ Ruby On Rails Podcast]
==== Duration ====
** Appears to be composed of:
*** title, contributors/artist, album, and length.
*** clickable hyperlink to the recording (MP3) or (MP4/M4A).
** Contextual:
*** Some transcripts of certain episodes are available.
** Examples:
*** Single episode [http://podcast.rubyonrails.org/programs/1/episodes/jack_dorsey_and_alex_payne_of_twitter Jack Dorsey and Alex Payne of Twitter].
*** [http://podcast.rubyonrails.org/programs/1/episodes All episodes since 2005].


=== Music ===
The Duration specifies the length in time of the audio recording. Examples include: 104 seconds, 3:23, and 4 minutes.


==== Individual Publishing of Music ====
* The element is identified by the class name <code>duration</code>.
* hAudio {{may}} include one <code>duration</code> element.
* The contents of the element {{may}} use the [[abbr-design-pattern]] whose title attribute contains an ISO-8601 formatted duration. An example of 3:23 (i.e 3 minutes 23 seconds) would be "PT3M23S" in ISO 8601 format.
* The element {{may}} contain the following sub properties:
** '''h''' Hour.
** '''min''' Minute.
** '''s''' Second.
Example:
<pre><span class="duration">
<span class="h">1</span>:
<span class="min">3</span>:
<span class="s">23</span>
</span></pre>


* [http://www.bradsucks.net/music/ Brad Sucks &raquo; music]
==== Price ====
** Has album title, song title, separate link to more info, inline flash player, and play link (to mp3)


* [http://www.scottandrew.com/music/ Scott Andrew - lo-fi acoustic pop superhero!  > music >]
The Price specifies the amount of currency that must be exchanged for acquisition of a full specimen of the audio recording.  
** Has album title, song title, album artwork, streaming link (to m3u), and play link (to mp3)


* [http://www.hearingdouble.co.uk/dumb/index2.html Portishead Remixed]
* The element is identified by the class name <code>price</code>.
** Whole page is for one album (a mash-up remix of a Portishead album). Has Album Track Number and Title (linked to mp3) and Remixer's name, plus cover art.  Also a link to the BitTorrent download of the whole album.
* hAudio {{may}} include one or more <code>price</code> elements.
* The contents of the element {{may}} also use plain text with a currency symbol.
* The contents {{may}} contain the following sub properties:
** '''currency''' an [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_4217#Active_codes ISO 4217] currency name.
** '''amount''' a numerical value.
Example:
<pre><span class="price">
<abbr class="currency" title="GBP">&pound;</abbr>
<span class="amount">4.99</span>
</span></pre>


==== Music Podcasting ====
==== Description ====


Music podcasts are a totally different beast, but a very important one. They usually consist of one big file containg multiples songs, speech, audio advertising and prerecorded audio (such as voicemail or promos). Podcasts consists of multiple songs and therefore might need another microformat, one that makes a collection of multiple songs and only one file.
An explanation of the contents of the hAudio item. This could explain the significance of a speech, the full-text description of a sound effect, or the meaning of a song or album.


* [http://www.coverville.com Coverville]
* The element is identified by the class name <code>description</code>.
** [http://backbeat.cachefly.net/coverville/audio/Coverville-070410.mp3 Example episode ]
* hAudio {{may}} include one or more <code>description</code> elements. If more than one description element is defined, the full description for the hAudio is the concatenation, in order, of all <code>description</code> elements.
*** Information displayed: title, artist, full length song, web-based purchase, album, original artist (it's a cover show), episode summary, full length song, mp3 download, RSS Feed


* [http://magnatune.com/podcasts/ Magnatune podcasts]
=== Parser Processing Notes ===
** [http://magnatune.com/podcasts/details/magnatune_middle-eastern_podcast_2006_12_14 episode example]
*** Information displayed: title,  sample, web-based purchase, artist, flash player, episode summary, full length song, mp3 download, RSS Feed


* [http://www.mutantpop.net/radioclash/ Radio Clash]
* It is important to understand that ITEM is an opaque element. When processing the ITEM element, none of the properties of the child hAudio should be pulled into the parent hAudio. However, it is recommended that child hAudio {{should}} inherit the following parent hAudio properties, if they are not specified on the child:
** [http://www.mutantpop.net/radioclash/archives/2007/03/24/rc-113/ episode example]
** album
*** Information displayed: title, artist, artist website, download link, image, episode summary , full length song, mp3 download, RSS Feed
** contributor
** category
** published
** photo


* [http://www.dailysourcecode.com/ Daily Source Code]
=== Semantic XHTML Design Principles ===
** [http://www.podshow.com/shows/?mode=detail&episode_id=56721 episode example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist, artist website, download link, voicemail phone number, sponsor link, episode summary, full length song, mp3 download, RSS Feed


* [http://tinyurl.com/ypfs3c  Rock and Roll Geek show]
{{semantic-xhtml-design-principles}}
** [http://indiecastwp.podshow.com/?p=76 episode example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist, artist website, download link, Label, episode summary, full length song, mp3 download, RSS Feed


* [http://www.accidenthash.com/  Accidenth hash]
==== More Semantic Equivalents ====
** [http://www.accidenthash.com/2007/04/02/gray-wet-yuck-monday/ episode example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist, artist website, download link, flash player, episode summary, full length song, mp3 download, RSS Feed


* [http://veercast.com/ Veer cast ]
For some properties there is a more semantic equivalent, and therefore they get special treatment, e.g.:  
** [http://www.accidenthash.com/2007/04/02/gray-wet-yuck-monday/ episode example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist, download link, show links, episode summary, full length song, mp3 download, RSS Feed


* [http://www.concertblast.com/ Concert Blast ]
* For "photo", use <code><img class="photo" src="..." alt="" /></code>
** [http://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3?http://www.concertblast.com/Show_85-Ty_Williams_Interview.mp3  mp3 episode example]
* If only 'album' is specified, then the hAudio is an album.
*** Information displayed: title, artist, episode summary, full length song, mp3 download, RSS Feed
* If only 'fn' is specified, then the hAudio is a song, audio track, sound effect, speech, or other atomic/singular work.
* If both 'album' and 'fn' are specified, then the hAudio is a atomic/singular work that is part of an album.
** Example: <code><nowiki><span class="haudio">Side two of <span class="album">Meddle</span> opens with <span class="fn">One of These Days</span></span></nowiki></code>
* If 'fn' and one or more 'items's are specified, the hAudio is an audio recording containing multiple sections. Each item is assumed to be an hAudio that is part of the parent hAudio. None of the 'item' properties should implicitly be added to the containing hAudio. In other words, the parser shouldn't parse the contents of the 'item' into the higher-level hAudio object.


* [http://threehive.libsyn.com/ 3 hive podcast ]
==== Language ====
** [http://threehive.libsyn.com/index.php?post_id=111596 episode example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist, full length song, mp3 download, RSS Feed


====Mashups, remixes, cut-ups and audio-collages====
* To explicitly convey the natural language that an hAudio is written in, use the standard (X)HTML 'lang' or 'xml:lang' attribute on the element with class="haudio"
**e.g. <code><nowiki><p>I like <span class="haudio" lang="de"><span class="fn">Das Lied von der Erde</span></span> best.</p></nowiki></code>
*If portions of an hAudio (e.g. the item name) are in a different language to the rest of the hAudio, use the 'lang' or 'xml:lang' attribute on those portions.
* hAudio parsers which need to handle the native language of hAudio {{must}} process the standard (X)HTML 'lang' or 'xml:lang' attribute as specified.
* hAudio parsers which need to handle native language {{may}} traverse up the DOM to discover the native language of the page and apply that to the hAudio if no other language is specified on the hAudio.


Some music is in fact made from other samples of other music. The information on those tracks then must contain another audio information, on the original track. Some of those tracks are posted to sampling communities and therefore are remixed again, creating a fractal-like information. Most sites, thou, will only show the first layer: the music directly derivated
==== Human vs. Machine Readable ====


* [ http://www.example.com Website Name]
If an <code>&lt;abbr></code> element is used for a property, then its '<code>title</code>' attribute is used for the value of the property, instead of the contents of the element, which can then be used to provide a user-friendly alternate presentation of the value.
** [ http://www.example.com/song_example/ Song Example]
*** Information displayed: title, track number, sample, web-based purchase, artist, price, length


* [http://viprhealthcare.typepad.com/mashup_of_the_week_podcas/ Mashup of the week]
If an <code>&lt;a&gt;</code> element is used for one or more properties, it {{must}} be treated as follows:
* [http://bannedmusic.org/ banned music]
# For the 'photo' property and any other property that takes a URL as its value, the <code>href="..."</code> attribute provides the property value.
* [http://illegalart.org/ illegal art]
# For other properties, the element's content is the value of the property.
* [http://ccmixter.org/ cc mixter] a creative commons community


==== Service Publishing of Music ====
If an <code>&lt;img&gt;</code> element is used for one or more properties, it {{must}} be treated as follows:
# For the 'photo' property and any other property that takes a URL as its value, the <code>src="..."</code> attribute provides the property value.
# For other properties, the <code>&lt;img></code> element's '<code>alt</code>' attribute is the value of the property.


* [http://audiofind.ru/ AudioFind]
If an <code>&lt;object&gt;</code> element is used for one or more properties, it {{must}} be treated as follows:
** [http://audiofind.ru/music/album/-/Lost%20Angel/Destination/?id=591 Album Example]
# For the 'photo' property and any other property that takes a URL as its value, the <code>data="..."</code> attribute provides the property value.
*** Information displayed: artist (link), title, genre (link), style (link), release date, label, summary, web-based purchase (link), price, artist rating, album rating, cover image
# For other properties, the element's content is the value of the property.
** [http://audiofind.ru/music/album/-/Lost%20Angel/Destination/?id=591 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: track number, title, length, rating, price, sample (link), web-based purchase (link)


* [http://bigpondmusic.com Telstra BigPond]
=== Notes ===
** [http://bigpondmusic.com/Album/The-Decemberists/The-Crane-Wife.aspx Album Example]
*** Information displayed: artist (link), title, genre, release date, label, summary, web-based purchase (link), subscriber price, non-subscriber price, cover image
** [http://bigpondmusic.com/Album/The-Decemberists/The-Crane-Wife.aspx Song Example]
*** Information displayed: track number, title, artist, album, price, add to pop-list (link), sample (link), web-based purchase (link)


* [http://www.bitmunk.com/ Bitmunk]
This section is informative.
** [http://www.bitmunk.com/showdetails?action=view&cwid=6068744 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: artist, album title, publisher, release date, genre (link), summary, long description, payees, total price, sample (link), tracks, web-based purchase (link), cover image, p2p-based purchase (link)
** [http://www.bitmunk.com/showdetails?action=view&cwid=6068746 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: artist, song title, composer, publisher, release date, genres, album, payees, total price, web-based purchase (link), p2p-based purchase (link)


* [http://downloadpunk.com Download Punk]
* By marking up audio content with the hAudio microformat, the expectation is communicated that information about the content {{may}} be indexed.  This has no impact on the copyright of the content itself which the publisher may explicitly specify using the [[rel-license]] microformat.
** [http://www.downloadpunk.com/?webaction=AlbumDetail&albumid=13202 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), label (link), physical-based purchase (link), web-based purchase (link), cover image
** [http://www.downloadpunk.com/?webaction=AlbumDetail&albumid=13202 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: title, sample (link), price, web-based purchase (link)


* [http://www.fye.com FYE]
== XMDP Profile ==
** [http://www.fye.com/Not-Too-Late-Music_stcVVproductId7456462VVcatId458211VVviewprod.htm Album Example]
See: [[haudio-profile]].
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), format, release date, label (link), UPC, product id, genre, styles, cover image, regular price, store price, savings, physical-based purchase (link), tracks, description, reviews, production credits
** [http://www.fye.com/Not-Too-Late-Music_stcVVproductId7456462VVcatId458211VVviewprod.htm Song Example]
*** Information displayed: track number, title, artist


* [http://imusic.libero.it/ iMusic]
== Examples ==
** [http://imusic.libero.it/compilation.php?icom_id=105902&ptipo=pus&pid=171437 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), cover image, genre, release date, publisher, number of tracks, length, tracks, web-based purchase (link)
** [http://imusic.libero.it/compilation.php?icom_id=105902&ptipo=pus&pid=171437 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: track number, length, sample (link), release date, price, web-based purchase (link)


* [http://musicdownload.aon.at/v7/ AON Music ]
This section is informative.
** [http://www.omds.de/servlets/2452685121527Dispatch/31/Call?htmltemplate=./album/viewalbum.htm&lmtype=ALBUM&albumid=2310333 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: artist (link), album, cover image, price, format, bitrate, label, genre, number of tracks, sample (link), add bookmark (link), web-based purchase (link), tracks
** [http://www.omds.de/servlets/2452685121527Dispatch/31/Call?htmltemplate=./album/viewalbum.htm&lmtype=ALBUM&albumid=2310333 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: track number, title, length, format, price, sample (link), add bookmark (link), web-based purchase (link)


* [http://music.msn.com MSN]
Here are a few examples of text about, and links to, audio content, from real web sites, showing how they could be easily enhanced to use hAudio.
** [http://music.msn.com/album/?album=50538895 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: artist (link), title, release date, label, album rating, cover image,
** Song Example (store wasn't working correctly - no song info found)


* [http://musik.tdconline.dk/servlets/2452306090224Dispatch/19/Call?htmltemplate=./index.htm TDC Online]
<!-- Want to write valid [[haudio|hAudio]]? Use the [http://microformats.org/code/haudio/creator hAudio creator] (not implemented yet) to write about audio content and publish it on your blog. -->
** [http://musik.tdconline.dk/servlets/2452306090224Dispatch/19/call?htmltemplate=./album/viewalbum.htm&trackid=5010526 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), length, release date, label, format, cover image, web-based purchase (link), price, tracks
** [http://musik.tdconline.dk/servlets/2452306090224Dispatch/19/call?htmltemplate=./album/viewalbum.htm&trackid=5010526 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: track number, title (link), price, sample (link), web-based purchase (link)


* [http://www.audiolunchbox.com Audio Lunchbox]
=== Simple Song Example ===
** [http://www.audiolunchbox.com/album?a=75751 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), label (link), genre (link), release date (link), cover image, format, bitrate, price, price in credits, web-based purchase (link), add to wishlist (link), sample (flash applet), tracks
** [http://www.audiolunchbox.com/album?a=75751 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: track number, title, length, price, price in credits, web-based purchase (link), sample (flash applet)


* [http://www.chaosmusic.com/music/ Chaos Music]
Display:
** [http://chaos.com/product.asp?intProductID=739720&intArtistID=167488 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), cover image, genre, format, release date, price, physical-based purchase (link), add to wishlist (link), tracks, description, availability
** [http://chaos.com/product.asp?intProductID=739720&intArtistID=167488 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: track number, title


* [http://www.connect-europe.com Sony Connect]
(This is a live example, detectable in parsers)
** [http://store.connect-europe.com/albumDetailPage.do?albumId=3260785 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), cover image, genre (link), release date, label, length, publisher, price, web-based purchase (link), tracks
** [http://store.connect-europe.com/albumDetailPage.do?albumId=3260785 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist, length, price, sample (link), web-based purchase (link)


* [http://www.digirama.co.nz/ Digirama]
<div class="haudio">
** [http://www.digirama.co.nz/AlbumDetails.aspx?MediaID=578456 Album Example]
<span class="fn">Start Wearing Purple</span> by <span class="contributor">Gogol Bordello</span>
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), genre (link), label, cover image, release date, price, web-based purchase (link), license, related albums, also bought, reviews, tracks
</div>
** [http://www.digirama.co.nz/AlbumDetails.aspx?MediaID=578456 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: track number, title, length, sample (link), price, web-based purchase (link)


* [http://www.emusic.com eMusic]
Microformatted XHTML:
** [http://www-v3.emusic.com/album/10917/10917324.html Album Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), sample (link), save to playlist (link), genre (link), styles (link), label (link), album rating, reviews, length, tracks, web-based purchase (link)
** [http://www-v3.emusic.com/album/10917/10917324.html Song Example]
*** Information displayed: track number, sample (link), tracks, length, web-based purchase (link)


* [http://www.fnacmusic.com/ FNAC]
<pre>
** [http://www.fnacmusic.com/album/7088f214-6187-4845-afdc-6391e103f67d.aspx Album Example]
<div class="haudio">
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), cover image, length, add to playlist (link), web-based purchase (link), tracks, price, genre
  <span class="fn">Start Wearing Purple</span> by
** [http://www.fnacmusic.com/album/7088f214-6187-4845-afdc-6391e103f67d.aspx Song Example]
  <span class="contributor">Gogol Bordello</span>
*** Information displayed: sample (link), add to playlist (link), track number, title, length, web-based purchase (link), price
</div>
</pre>


* [http://sanity.com.au Sanity]
=== Speech Example ===
** [http://www.sanity.com.au/product/rockpop.asp?sku=-942394 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), cover image, release date, catalog ID, SKU, label, price, price in points, summary, tracks, physical-based purchase (link)
** [http://www.sanity.com.au/product/rockpop.asp?sku=-942394 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: track number, title


* [http://www.misrolas.com/ MisRolas]
(This is a live example, detectable in parsers)
** [http://www.misrolas.com/downloadmusic/album.php?id=1316 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), cover image, release date, number of tracks, album rating, price, web-based purchase (link), tracks, reviews
** [http://www.misrolas.com/downloadmusic/album.php?id=1316 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: track number, title, sample (link), artist, price, web-based purchase (link), add to wishlist (link)


* [http://www.mtv.com MTV]
Display:
** [http://www.mtv.com/#/music/artist/my_chemical_romance/albums.jhtml?albumId=1367908 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: title (link), artist (link), cover image, release date, label, tracks, physical-based purchase (link)
** [http://www.mtv.com/#/music/artist/my_chemical_romance/albums.jhtml?albumId=1367908 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: track number, title, sample (link), video sample (link)


* [http://www.musica360.com/ Musica360]
<div class="haudio">
** [http://musica360.com/store/product_info.php?products_id=232 Album Example]
<span class="fn">I Have a Dream</span>, a <span class="category">speech</span> by <span class="contributor"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn n"><span class="given-name">Martin</span> <span class="additional-name">Luther</span> <span class="family-name">King</span>, <span class="honorific-suffix">Jr.</span></span></span></span>
*** Information displayed: title, artist, price, samples (flash), cover image, tracks, web-based purchase (link)
</div>
** [http://musica360.com/store/product_info.php?products_id=232 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist, price, web-based purchase (link)


* [http://www.musicload.de/ Musicload]
Microformatted XHTML:
** [http://www.musicload.de/item.ml?releaseid=1884260_2 Album Example]
<pre>
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), price, rating, genre, length, quality, release date, label, sample (link), web-based purchase (link), tracks, comments
<div class="haudio">
** [http://www.musicload.de/item.ml?releaseid=1884261_4 Song Example]
  <span class="fn">I Have a Dream</span>, a
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), album (link), price, rating, genre, length, quality, release date, label, sample (link), web-based purchase (link), comments
  <span class="category">speech</span> by
  <span class="contributor">
      <span class="vcard">
        <span class="fn n">
            <span class="given-name">Martin</span>
            <span class="additional-name">Luther</span>
            <span class="family-name">King</span>,
            <span class="honorific-suffix">Jr.</span>
        </span>
      </span>
  </span>
</div>
</pre>


* [http://www.napster.com Napster]
Note the use of [[hcard|hCard]].
** [http://www.napster.com/view/album/index.html?id=12376484 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), release date, track count, label, sample (link), share (link), web-based purchase (link), review, tracks
** [http://www.napster.com/view/album/index.html?id=12376484 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: artist (link), title, track number, album title, length, web-based purchase (link)


* [http://www.partymob.com/edl/browse/?tab=music PartyMob]
=== Song and Album Example ===
** [http://www.partymob.com/edl/details/default.aspx?album=2089814 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), total length, release date, format, quality, genre, sample (link), price, web-based purchase (link), tracks
** [http://www.partymob.com/edl/details/default.aspx?track=234418 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist, length, release date, format, quality, genre, sample (link), price, web-based purchase (link), DRM information


* [http://www.peerimpact.com Peer Impact]
(This is a live example, detectable in parsers)
** [http://www2.peerimpact.com/contentstorage-xml/album30.do?templateName=WEB-INF/conversion-templates/album30.vm&albumId=89449 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), price, purchase (application link), format, track count, genre, release date, label, tracks
** [http://www2.peerimpact.com/contentstorage-xml/album30.do?templateName=WEB-INF/conversion-templates/album30.vm&albumId=89449# Song Example]
*** Information displayed: track number, sample (link), title, artist (link), length, price


* [http://www.puretracks.com Pure Tracks]
Display:
** [http://us.puretracks.com/catalog/details.aspx?pid=emi_094638723653 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: artist, title, label, total length, disc count, release date, price, web-based purchase (link), DRM information, tracks
** [http://us.puretracks.com/catalog/details.aspx?pid=emi_094638723653 Song Example] (in popup window)
*** Information displayed: track number, sample (link), title, artist, length, price, web-based purchase (link), label (popup)


* [http://www.reggaecountry.com Reggae Country]
<div class="haudio">
** [http://www.reggaecountry.com/Shopping/Browse.aspx?mode=item&category=209&item=35745 Album Example]
<span class="fn">Start Wearing Purple</span> by  <span class="contributor"><span class="vcard"><span class="fn org">Gogol Bordello</span></span></span> found on <span class="album">Underdog World Strike</span>
*** Information displayed: title, artist, release date, label, web-based purchse (link), price, tracks
</div>
** [http://www.reggaecountry.com/Shopping/Browse.aspx?mode=item&category=209&item=35745 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: sample (link), track number, title, artist, length, web-based purchase (link), price


* [http://www.rhapsody.com Real/Rhapsody]
Microformatted XHTML:
** [http://www.rhapsody.com/harryconnickjr/chansonduvieuxcarrconnickonpiano3 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: artist, title, sample (link), label, release date, tracks
** [http://www.rhapsody.com/harryconnickjr/chansonduvieuxcarrconnickonpiano3 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: sample (link), track number, title


* [http://www.ruckusnetwork.com Ruckus]
<pre>
** [http://wapps.ruckus.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/ruckus.woa/2/wo/bQ5EBCLVYbWMuHOuCRElwM/0.0.27.15.13.1.16.3.3 Album Example]
<div class="haudio">
*** Information displayed: title, artist, release date, genre, label, tracks
  <span class="fn">Start Wearing Purple</span> by
** [http://wapps.ruckus.com/cgi-bin/WebObjects/ruckus.woa/2/wo/bQ5EBCLVYbWMuHOuCRElwM/0.0.27.15.13.1.16.3.3 Song Example]
  <span class="contributor">
*** Information displayed: track number, title, length
        <span class="vcard">
            <span class="fn org">Gogol Bordello</span>
        </span>
    </span>
  found on
  <span class="album">Underdog World Strike</span>
</div>
</pre>


* [http://www.sanity.com.au Sanity]
Note that for bands, hCard's ''[[hcard#Implied_.22organization-name.22_Optimization|Implied "organization-name" Optimization]]'' is used.
** [http://www.sanity.com.au/product/rockpop.asp?sku=-943269 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), release date, catalog id, label, price, web-based purchase (link), tracks
** [http://www.sanity.com.au/product/rockpop.asp?sku=-943269 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: sample, track number, title


* [http://www.starzik.com/starzik.php Starzik SARL]
=== Complete Album Example ===
** Album Example (hidden url)
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), genre, label, release date, length, format, bitrate, size, web-based purchase (link), tracks
** Song Example (hidden url, separate from album example)
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), album title, genre, label, release date, length, creators, composer, performance artist, format, bitrate, size, web-based purchase (link)


* [http://www.thecellcity.com CellCity]
An example that uses every element of hAudio:
** [http://www.thecellcity.com/4DACTION/CDMProductQuery?CDMCommand=fuzzyquery&CDMdepartment=music&cdmalbum=What's%20The%20Word%20Vol.%201&CDMReturnURL=/music/albumdetails.shtml] Album Example]
*** Information displayed: artist, label, release date, genre, tracks
** [http://www.thecellcity.com/4DACTION/CDMProductQuery?CDMCommand=GetProductDetail&CDMProductID=A00001148172&CDMReturnURL=/music/product_detail.shtml Song Example]
*** Information displayed: title, price, web-based purchase (link)


* [http://www.top100.cn top100.cn]
[Image] Live Phish, Volume 15 by Phish<br/>
** [http://www.top100.cn/product/specialall/S0027876000.htm Album Example]
Released: October 31, 2002<br/>
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), release date, sample (link), web-based purchase (link), label (link), genre (link), long description, tracks
Acquire: Sample, Live Recording, Buy High Quality Track<br/>
** [http://www.top100.cn/product/SongFiles/0027876/M0027876001.htm Song Example]
Category: [http://www.example.org/tags/live live]<br/>
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), label (link), genre (link), price, sample (link), web-based purchase (link), description, comments
Duration: 145 minutes, 27 seconds<br/>
Price: $14.99<br/>
<br/>
Tracks:<br/>
1. Sanity (5:48)<br/>
2. Highway To Hell (3:39)


* [http://www.wippit.com/default.aspx Wippit]
Here is the hAudio Microformat markup:
** [http://www.wippit.com/AlbumDet.aspx?StrId=28724&StrCatType=S Album Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), price, genre (link), format, release date, tracks, web-based purchase (link)
** [http://www.wippit.com/DetailItem.aspx?StrItemID=28724&StrMediaID=724904&StrMediaType=S Song Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), album (link), genre, format, release date, size, track number, file type, price, web-based purchase link


* [http://www.yanga.ru Yanga]
<pre>
** [http://yanga.ru/music/album/-/Duke%20Ellington/Jack%20The%20Bear/?id=28510 Album Example]
<div class="haudio">
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), genre (link), release date, label, price, web-based purchase (link), rating, tracks
  <img class="photo" src="images/live_phish_vol_15.jpg" alt="" />
** [http://yanga.ru/music/album/-/Duke%20Ellington/Jack%20The%20Bear/?id=28510 Song Example]
  <span class="album">Live Phish, Volume 15</span>
*** Information displayed: sample, track number, title, length, rating, price, web-based purchase (link)
  <span class="contributor">
      <span class="vcard">
        <span class="fn org">Phish</span>
      </span>
  </span>
  <br/>
  Released on:
  <abbr class="published" title="2002-10-31">October 31, 2002</abbr>
  <br/>
  Acquire:  
  <a rel="sample" href="/samples/live_phish_vol_15_sample.mp3">Sample</a>,
  <a rel="enclosure" href="/live/phish_live_phish_vol_15.mp3">Live Recording</a>,
  <a rel="payment" href="/buy/phish_live_phish_vol_15">Buy High Quality Track</a>
  Category: <a class="category" rel="tag" href="http://www.example.org/tags/live">live</a>
  Duration: <abbr class="duration" title="PT145M27S">145 minutes, 27 seconds</abbr>
  Price: <div class="price"><abbr class="currency" title="USD">$</abbr><span class="amount">14.99</span></div>
  Tracks:
  <div class="item">
      <span class="position">1</span>.
      <span class="fn">Sanity</span>
      (<abbr class="duration" title="PT5M48S">5:48</abbr>)
    </div>
    <div class="item">
    <span class="position">2</span>.
    <span class="fn">Highway To Hell</span>
    (<abbr class="duration" title="PT3M39S">3:39</abbr>)
  </div>
</div>
</pre>


* [http://www.somesongs.com/ somesongs]
=== Multi-part Podcast Example ===
** [Album Example]
*** Information displayed:
** [http://www.somesongs.com/song_info.php?select=4713 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist (link), rating, sample (link), summary, reviews, release date


* [http://magnatune.com/ Magnatune]
DigitalPlanet Podcast: 29 Oct 07
** [http://magnatune.com/artists/albums/ammonite-recon/ Album Example]
*** Information displayed: artist (link), title, cover image, total time, length, release date, artist location (link), web-based purchase (link), physical-based purchase (link), license (link), tracks, summary
** [http://magnatune.com/artists/albums/ammonite-recon/ Song Example]
*** Information displayed: track number, title, length, sample (link)


* [http://www.songfight.org/ SONG FIGHT!]
Forensic computing: is it really possible to delete data from your machine? Grand plans for getting broadband into Africa, checking out the sky at night via the internet and answering your emails to the programme.
** [http://www.songfight.org/artistpage.php?key=15-16_puzzle&sortkey=date Album Example]
*** Information displayed: artist (link), cover image, artist location, summary, title,
** [ Song Example]
*** Information displayed: release date, sample (link), title


* [http://www.yes.com/ Yes.com]
Download MP3
** [http://www.yes.com/ Album Example]
*** Information displayed: cover image, artist (link)
** [http://www.yes.com/ Song Example]
*** Information displayed: cover image, artist (link), rank, web-based purchase (link), played-by radio station


* [http://www.myspace.com MySpace]
<pre>
** [http://myspace.com/theradioknives Album Example]
<div class="haudio">
*** Information displayed: artist, title, sample (link), cover image, number of plays, tracks
<p>
** [http://myspace.com/theradioknives  Song Example]
  <span class="fn">DigitalPlanet Podcast</span>
*** Information displayed: artist, title, number of plays, sample (link), lyrics (link)
  :
  <abbr class="published" title="20071029">29 Oct 07</abbr>
</p>
<p>
  <div class="item">
      <span class="fn">Forensic computing: is it really possible to delete data from your machine?</span>
  </div>
  <div class="item">
      <span class="fn">Grand plans for getting broadband into Africa</span>
  </div>
  ,  
  <div class="item">
      <span class="fn">checking out the sky at night via the internet</span>
  </div>
  and
  <div class="item">
      <span class="fn">answering your emails</span>
  </div>
  to the programme.
</p>
<p>
  <a rel="enclosure" href="/download/episode/DigitalPlanet-2007-10-29">Download MP3</a>
</p>
</div>
</pre>


* [http://musicbrainz.org MusicBrainz.org]
=== Opera Example ===
** [http://musicbrainz.org/release/1138abc1-77f4-4ba9-900d-5cf52baaf4bf.html Album Example]
*** Information displayed: artist (link), title, cover image, tracks, disc id
** [http://musicbrainz.org/show/track/?trackid=435002 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist, length, id (link), length, album (link), album id (link), artist, artist id (link), relationship (link), track number


* [http://reactor-core.org/ogg-tagging.html Vorbis Comment Recommendations]
(This is a live example, detectable in parsers)
** [http://reactor-core.org/ogg-tagging.html Album Example]
*** Information displayed:  artist, publisher, copyright, disc number, isrc, ean/upn, label, label catalog number, license, opus, source media, title, version, encoded-by, encoding, composer, arranger, lyricist, author, conductor, performer, ensemble, part, part number, genre, release date, location, comment
** [http://reactor-core.org/ogg-tagging.html Song Example]
*** Information displayed: album, artist, publisher, copyright, disc number, isrc, ean/upn, label, label number, license, opus, source media, title, track number, version, encoded-by, encoding, composer, arranger, lyricist, author, conductor, performer, ensemble, part, part number, genre, release date, location, comment


* [http://www.apple.com/itunes/podcasts/techspecs.html iTunes RSS extensions]
<div class="haudio" lang="en">
** [http://www.apple.com/itunes/store/podcaststechspecs.html#_Toc526931673 Album Example]
<span class="fn" lang="fr">La Bohème</span> is an <span class="category">opera</span> in four acts by <span class="contributor" lang="it">Giacomo Puccini</span> to an <span class="category">Italian liberetto</span> by <span class="contributor" lang="it">Luigi Illica</span> and <span class="contributor" lang="it">Giuseppe Giacosais</span>. I saw it performed last week and found <span class="item"> <span class="fn">Act III</span> to be pretty interesting, especially the <span class="item"> "<span class="fn" lang="it">Sa dirmi, scusi</span>"</span> and <span class="item">"<span class="fn" lang="it">O buon Marcello, aiuto!</span>"</span> arias.</span>
*** Information displayed: title, website (link), language, licensing, summary, description, owner, owner e-mail, cover image, genre
</div>
** [http://www.apple.com/itunes/store/podcaststechspecs.html#_Toc526931673 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: title, artist, summary, description, sample (link), length, format, id, release date, tags


* [http://www.discogs.com/ Discogs]
** [http://www.discogs.com/release/705805 Album Example]
*** Information displayed: artist, title, label (link), catalog id, format, country, release date, genre, style, notes, rating, tracks
** [http://www.discogs.com/release/705805 Song Example]
*** Information displayed: artist (link), title, track number


* [http://www.last.fm/ Last.fm]
<pre>
** [http://www.last.fm/music/Muse/+albums Album Example]
<div class="haudio" lang="en">
*** Information displayed: cover image, artist, title, release date, label (link), number of tracks,  sample (link), physical-based purchase (link), tracks
  <span class="fn" lang="fr">La Bohème</span>
** [http://www.last.fm/music/Muse/Absolution Song Example]
  is an
*** Information displayed: track number, sample (link), title, length, number of plays
  <span class="category">opera</span>
  in four acts by
  <span class="contributor" lang="it">Giacomo Puccini</span>
  to an
  <span class="category">Italian liberetto</span>
  by
  <span class="contributor" lang="it">Luigi Illica</span>
  and
  <span class="contributor" lang="it">Giuseppe Giacosais</span>.
  I saw it performed last week and found
  <span class="item">
      <span class="fn">Act III</span>
      to be pretty interesting, especially the
      <span class="item">
        "<span class="fn" lang="it">Sa dirmi, scusi</span>"
      </span>
      and
      <span class="item">
        "<span class="fn" lang="it">O buon Marcello, aiuto!</span>"
      </span>
      arias.
  </span>
</div>
</pre>


== Examples in the wild ==
== Examples in the wild ==


This section is '''informative'''.
This section is '''informative'''.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hAudio_microformats Wikipedia] has 119,555 songs and albums marked up in hAudio format.
* [http://weborganics.co.uk/haudio-rss/ hAudio-RSS] uses hAudio 0.9.1 and XSLT to generate an RSS2 Playlist.
* Tara Hunt of [http://openmediaweb.org/index.php/2008/01/13/publishing-my-workout-music-in-haudio/ Open Media Web] Published her workout Music in hAudio
* Grabb.it The web music player now uses hAudio 0.9 in its [http://grabb.it/users/greg user pages]
* [http://soundcloud.com/ SoundCloud] has hAudio in its pages.
* [http://populizer.com/ Populizer] also has hAudio in its pages.
* The [http://www.numblog.de/ New Urban Music Blog] has hAudio marked up in its pages.
* [http://alpha.libre.fm/ Libre.fm] has marked up on all its user pages in hAudio see : [http://alpha.libre.fm/user/weborganics example]


== Implementations ==
== Implementations ==
This section is '''informative'''.  
This section is '''informative'''.  


See [[haudio-implementations|hAudio Implementations]].
*[http://weborganics.co.uk/files/js/haudio.js hAudio 0.9 script] for [[operator|Operator]], updated version of the original hAudio script by David Lehn.
* Matthias Pfefferle has made some [http://notizblog.org/projects/haudio-icons/ hAudio Icons]
* [http://microform.at/ Microformat TransFormr] extracts hAudio 0.9.1 as a RSS2 Podcast.
* [http://buzzword.org.uk/cognition/ Cognition] 0.1-&alpha;11 and above will parse hAudio 0.9 and export as RDF/XML or RDF/JSON. As of 0.1-&alpha;12, it will also export in M3U playlist format and Turtle.
* [http://weborganics.co.uk/mo-haudio/ hAudio Microformat to RDF Music Ontology], a [http://www.w3.org/TR/grddl/ GRDDL] profile for hAudio 0.9.1, producing [http://musicontology.com/ Music Ontology] RDF.
* The [http://singpolyma.net/plugins/actionstream/ wp-diso-actionstream] plugin produces hAudio for last.fm scrobbles
*...
<!--
See [[haudio-implementations|hAudio Implementations]].  
link not needed until section has become too large for this page (per previous specs)
-->


== References ==
== References ==
Line 493: Line 513:
* [http://gmpg.org/xmdp/ XMDP]
* [http://gmpg.org/xmdp/ XMDP]
* [[hcard|hCard]]
* [[hcard|hCard]]
* [[abbr-design-pattern]]
* [[currency-proposal]]
* [[datetime-design-pattern]]
* [[rel-design-pattern]]
* [[ISO-31-1|ISO-31-1/ISQ]]


=== Informative References ===
=== Informative References ===
Line 503: Line 528:


==== Similar Work ====
==== Similar Work ====
* [[media-info-examples]]
* [[media-info]]
* [[media-info-formats]]
* [[grouping-examples]]
* [[grouping-brainstorming]]
* [[xoxo|XOXO]]
* [[xoxo|XOXO]]


=== Copyright ===
=== Copyright ===
{{MicroformatCopyrightStatement2005}}
 
This document and <span class="vevent"><span class="summary">hAudio specification was placed into the public domain</span> on <span class="dtstart">2008-11-14</span></span> by the authors. There are no usage, distribution, re-printing, or any other restrictions of any kind with regards to the text or content of this specification.


=== Patents ===
=== Patents ===
{{MicroFormatPatentStatement}}
{{MicroFormatPatentStatement}}
=== Public Domain Release ===
The authors and editors of this page due hereby relinquish their copyright on the document and release the text of this page into the public domain.
* Manu Sporny - Signature /Manu Sporny/
* Alexandre Van de Sande
* [[User:WebOrganics|Martin McEvoy]]
* [[User:DavidLehn|David Lehn]] - Signature /David Lehn/
* [[User:AndyMabbett|Andy Mabbett]]


== Work in progress ==
== Work in progress ==
This specification is a work in progress. As additional aspects are discussed, understood, and written, they will be added.  
This specification is a work in progress. As additional aspects are discussed, understood, and written, they will be added.  
== Further Reading ==
==See also==
*[[audio-info-brainstorming]]
*[[audio-info-examples]]


== Related Pages ==
== Related Pages ==
{{haudio-related-pages}}
{{haudio-related-pages}}
* [[audio]] (other pages about Audio on this wiki)
[[Category:Draft Specifications]]

Latest revision as of 16:23, 18 July 2020

This document represents a draft microformat specification. Although drafts are somewhat mature in the development process, the stability of this document cannot be guaranteed, and implementers should be prepared to keep abreast of future developments and changes. Watch this wiki page, or follow discussions on the #microformats IRC channel to stay up-to-date.

604867362_da0921136a_o.png

hAudio is a simple, open, distributed format, suitable for embedding information about audio recordings in (X)HTML, Atom, RSS, and arbitrary XML. hAudio is one of several microformats open standards. This page and Microformat is in the public domain.

hAudio Microformat Draft Specification

Editors

Authors

Contributors

Manu Sporny, Martin McEvoy , Alexandre Van De Sande , Michael Johnson, Dave Longley, Brian Suda, Ben Wiley Sittler, Scott Reynen, Frances Berriman, James Craig, David Janes, Andy Mabbett, Danny Ayers, Rudy Desjardins, Theresa O'Connor, Ryan King, Chris Griego, Brad Hafichuk, Tantek Çelik, Colin Barrett, Joe Andrieu, Michael Smethurst, Chris Newell, Julian Stahnke, Justin Maxwell, Paul Wilkins and David I. Lehn.

Microformats #Copyright and #Patents statements apply.

Introduction

It is difficult for a browser to extract semantic information about an audio recording described on a web page. Metadata such as speaker, musician, publisher, label, title of the work, release date, acquisition link, related image artwork and tags provide relevant context for the audio recording.

Having such information marked up can provide a number of benefits to the viewer. If a web browser understands that a particular web page contains a song performed by an artist, it can produce richer interactions. For example, specific searches may be performed for artists and songs via general search services such as Google and Wikipedia. Specific search services may also be queried such as MusicBrainz, The Internet Archive, FreeDB, or Bitmunk. Additionally, classification by crawlers can become more accurate. If there are 20 tracks found on a page done by the same artist, and that content consumes a significant portion of the page, it can be assumed that the page is not only about music, but also about a particular artist.

In order to enable and encourage the sharing, distribution, syndication, and aggregation of audio content, the authors propose the hAudio microformat, an open standard for distributed audio metadata. The authors have researched both numerous audio-info-examples in the wild and earlier attempts at audio-info-formats, and have designed hAudio around a simple minimal schema for audio content. Feedback is encouraged on the hAudio feedback page.

Inspiration and Acknowledgments

Many thanks to the various individuals that did research and proposed ideas and discussion related to media info and audio info in general. Among the many participants are RodBegbie, Dean Hudson, Tantek Çelik, Mary Hodder, Joshua Kinberg, ChrisMessina, and Lisa Rein.

Scope

Audio content consistently share several common fields. Where possible hAudio has been based on this minimal common subset.

Out of scope

Fields that are type-specific have been omitted from hAudio. It is important that hAudio be kept simple and minimal from the start. Additional features can be added as deemed necessary by practical implementation experience.

The concept of a universal audio identifier, that is, how to identify the same audio album, song, speech, or podcast across different music and audio sites, though something very useful to have, is outside the scope of this format.

Format

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.

In General

The hAudio format is based on a set of fields common to numerous audio content sites and formats in use today on the web. Where possible field names have been chosen based on those defined by the related hCard standards.

Schema

The hAudio schema consists of the following:

  • hAudio (haudio)
    • fn or/and album required. text.
    • contributor. optional. using text or hCard.
    • duration. optional. ISO-8601 time duration. (re-used from hcalendar).
    • item optional. using text or multiple properties from hAudio.
    • position optional. text.
    • category. optional. text.
    • published. optional.
    • photo. optional. using any element containing a URL, such as IMG.
    • description optional. text.
    • sample (rel). optional. sample file/stream using rel-design-pattern with sample as the mf-rel-value.
    • enclosure (rel). optional. full download of file using rel-enclosure.
    • payment (rel). optional. link to purchase process using rel-payment.
    • price optional. Using the sub properties currency and amount.

Field details

The fields of the hAudio schema represent the following:

hAudio

An hAudio is used to identify and describe metadata associated with an audio recording.

  • an hAudio element is identified by class name haudio

fn

The name of a single audio recording is a short textual description used to identify the work among interested parties. This can be the name of a speech, song name, or short description regarding a sound effect.

  • The element is identified by the class name fn.
  • hAudio MUST have fn or/and album.

Album

The title of a collection of audio recordings, such as those that are represented as a CD, album or LP. The text should be a short textual description used to identify the work among interested parties.

  • The element is identified by the class name album.
  • hAudio MUST have either album or fn or both.

Item

A container for another hAudio item, which MUST be considered a part of the parent audio recording. An example of an item that is part of an hAudio would be a track in an audio album, a aria in an Opera, or a section of a podcast.

  • The element is identified by the class name item.
  • hAudio MAY have one or more items.
  • The element MUST be processed opaquely. No sub-elements should be read from any hAudio contained in a track element.
  • The contents of the element MUST be marked up using properties in hAudio.

Position

The position is used to describe the position of the hAudio item in a list. Examples of hAudio lists can include album track listings, music top 10 lists, playlists, and podcast chapters.

  • The element is identified by the class name position.
  • hAudio MAY include one position element.
  • The contents of the element MUST be a number or other sequential identifier.
  • The sequential identifier MAY be specified out-of-sequence.

Contributor

A Contributor is any entity that takes part in the creation and distribution of an audio recording. Examples include: artist, composer, publisher, guitarist, vocalist, violinist, lead singer, backup singer, bassist, drummer, manager, and roadie.

  • The element is identified by the class name contributor.
  • hAudio MAY include one or more contributors.
  • The contributor's name SHOULD also be marked up as a valid hCard Microformat. hcard
    1. The role attribute SHOULD be used to specify the contributor's responsibility related to the audio recording if hCard is utilized.
  • The contributor's name MAY be specified in plain-text without being enclosed in a hCard Microformat.

Published

The published date specifies the date that the audio recording was made available to the public. Examples include: The airing date of a radio broadcast, the day a speech was given, or the day a music album was made available for sale.

  • The element is identified by the class name published.
  • hAudio MAY include one or more published elements.
  • The contents of the element MAY include a date format compliant with the datetime-design-pattern.

Sample

A Sample URI specifies from where an excerpt of the audio recording may be retrieved.

  • The element is identified by a URI fitting the rel-design-pattern, the rel content being sample.
  • hAudio MAY include one or more URI samples.
  • The URI SHOULD point to a directly accessible stream or file.
  • The type of the sample MAY be specified by using the type specifier for a URI.

Full Download (Enclosure)

A Full Download URI specifies from where the full version of an audio recording may be retrieved. The URI MUST point to a direct link to a file retrieval process (FTP, HTTP, BitTorrent URI, etc).

  • The element is identified by a URI fitting the rel-design-pattern, the rel content being enclosure.
  • hAudio MAY include one or more enclosure URIs.
  • The type of the file SHOULD be specified by using the type specifier for a URI.

Purchase (Payment)

A Purchase URI specifies from where the full version of an audio recording may be purchased. The URI MUST point to the beginning of a purchase process for the hAudio.

  • The element is identified by a URI fitting the rel-design-pattern, the rel content being payment.
  • hAudio MAY include one or more payment URIs.
  • The type of the file MAY be specified by using the type specifier for a URI.

Photo

A photo specifies an image that should be used to summarize the audio recording. Examples include: the image of a speaker, an audio album cover image, or a picture from a concert.

  • The element is identified by the class name photo.
  • hAudio MAY include one or more photo elements.
  • The element SHOULD use an <img> element.
  • The element MAY use any other element that contains a URL, such as <a> or <object>, but it is not recommended.

Category

The Category specifies the genre or style used to classify the audio recording. Examples include: blues, rock, motivational, spoken word, or sound effect.

  • The element is identified by the class name category.
  • hAudio MAY include one or more category elements.
  • This element MAY be expressed using the rel-tag elemental microformat. When a category is expressed using rel-tag, the content of the element is used as the text for the category. For example: <a class="category" rel="tag" href="/tags/symphony">Symphonic</a> would have "Symphonic" as the text for the category.

Duration

The Duration specifies the length in time of the audio recording. Examples include: 104 seconds, 3:23, and 4 minutes.

  • The element is identified by the class name duration.
  • hAudio MAY include one duration element.
  • The contents of the element MAY use the abbr-design-pattern whose title attribute contains an ISO-8601 formatted duration. An example of 3:23 (i.e 3 minutes 23 seconds) would be "PT3M23S" in ISO 8601 format.
  • The element MAY contain the following sub properties:
    • h Hour.
    • min Minute.
    • s Second.

Example:

<span class="duration">
<span class="h">1</span>:
 <span class="min">3</span>:
 <span class="s">23</span>
</span>

Price

The Price specifies the amount of currency that must be exchanged for acquisition of a full specimen of the audio recording.

  • The element is identified by the class name price.
  • hAudio MAY include one or more price elements.
  • The contents of the element MAY also use plain text with a currency symbol.
  • The contents MAY contain the following sub properties:
    • currency an ISO 4217 currency name.
    • amount a numerical value.

Example:

<span class="price">
	<abbr class="currency" title="GBP">£</abbr> 
	<span class="amount">4.99</span>
</span>

Description

An explanation of the contents of the hAudio item. This could explain the significance of a speech, the full-text description of a sound effect, or the meaning of a song or album.

  • The element is identified by the class name description.
  • hAudio MAY include one or more description elements. If more than one description element is defined, the full description for the hAudio is the concatenation, in order, of all description elements.

Parser Processing Notes

  • It is important to understand that ITEM is an opaque element. When processing the ITEM element, none of the properties of the child hAudio should be pulled into the parent hAudio. However, it is recommended that child hAudio SHOULD inherit the following parent hAudio properties, if they are not specified on the child:
    • album
    • contributor
    • category
    • published
    • photo

Semantic XHTML Design Principles

Note: the Semantic XHTML Design Principles were written primarily within the context of developing hCard and hCalendar, thus it may be easier to understand these principles in the context of the hCard design methodology (i.e. read that first). Tantek

XHTML is built on XML, and thus XHTML based formats can be used not only for convenient display presentation, but also for general purpose data exchange. In many ways, XHTML based formats exemplify the best of both HTML and XML worlds. However, when building XHTML based formats, it helps to have a guiding set of principles.

  1. Reuse the schema (names, objects, properties, values, types, hierarchies, constraints) as much as possible from pre-existing, established, well-supported standards by reference. Avoid restating constraints expressed in the source standard. Informative mentions are ok.
    1. For types with multiple components, use nested elements with class names equivalent to the names of the components.
    2. Plural components are made singular, and thus multiple nested elements are used to represent multiple text values that are comma-delimited.
  2. Use the most accurately precise semantic XHTML building block for each object etc.
  3. Otherwise use a generic structural element (e.g. <span> or <div>), or the appropriate contextual element (e.g. an <li> inside a <ul> or <ol>).
  4. Use class names based on names from the original schema, unless the semantic XHTML building block precisely represents that part of the original schema. If names in the source schema are case-insensitive, then use an all lowercase equivalent. Components names implicit in prose (rather than explicit in the defined schema) should also use lowercase equivalents for ease of use. Spaces in component names become dash '-' characters.
  5. Finally, if the format of the data according to the original schema is too long and/or not human-friendly, use <abbr> instead of a generic structural element, and place the literal data into the 'title' attribute (where abbr expansions go), and the more brief and human readable equivalent into the element itself. Further informative explanation of this use of <abbr>: Human vs. ISO8601 dates problem solved

More Semantic Equivalents

For some properties there is a more semantic equivalent, and therefore they get special treatment, e.g.:

  • For "photo", use <img class="photo" src="..." alt="" />
  • If only 'album' is specified, then the hAudio is an album.
  • If only 'fn' is specified, then the hAudio is a song, audio track, sound effect, speech, or other atomic/singular work.
  • If both 'album' and 'fn' are specified, then the hAudio is a atomic/singular work that is part of an album.
    • Example: <span class="haudio">Side two of <span class="album">Meddle</span> opens with <span class="fn">One of These Days</span></span>
  • If 'fn' and one or more 'items's are specified, the hAudio is an audio recording containing multiple sections. Each item is assumed to be an hAudio that is part of the parent hAudio. None of the 'item' properties should implicitly be added to the containing hAudio. In other words, the parser shouldn't parse the contents of the 'item' into the higher-level hAudio object.

Language

  • To explicitly convey the natural language that an hAudio is written in, use the standard (X)HTML 'lang' or 'xml:lang' attribute on the element with class="haudio"
    • e.g. <p>I like <span class="haudio" lang="de"><span class="fn">Das Lied von der Erde</span></span> best.</p>
  • If portions of an hAudio (e.g. the item name) are in a different language to the rest of the hAudio, use the 'lang' or 'xml:lang' attribute on those portions.
  • hAudio parsers which need to handle the native language of hAudio MUST process the standard (X)HTML 'lang' or 'xml:lang' attribute as specified.
  • hAudio parsers which need to handle native language MAY traverse up the DOM to discover the native language of the page and apply that to the hAudio if no other language is specified on the hAudio.

Human vs. Machine Readable

If an <abbr> element is used for a property, then its 'title' attribute is used for the value of the property, instead of the contents of the element, which can then be used to provide a user-friendly alternate presentation of the value.

If an <a> element is used for one or more properties, it MUST be treated as follows:

  1. For the 'photo' property and any other property that takes a URL as its value, the href="..." attribute provides the property value.
  2. For other properties, the element's content is the value of the property.

If an <img> element is used for one or more properties, it MUST be treated as follows:

  1. For the 'photo' property and any other property that takes a URL as its value, the src="..." attribute provides the property value.
  2. For other properties, the <img> element's 'alt' attribute is the value of the property.

If an <object> element is used for one or more properties, it MUST be treated as follows:

  1. For the 'photo' property and any other property that takes a URL as its value, the data="..." attribute provides the property value.
  2. For other properties, the element's content is the value of the property.

Notes

This section is informative.

  • By marking up audio content with the hAudio microformat, the expectation is communicated that information about the content MAY be indexed. This has no impact on the copyright of the content itself which the publisher may explicitly specify using the rel-license microformat.

XMDP Profile

See: haudio-profile.

Examples

This section is informative.

Here are a few examples of text about, and links to, audio content, from real web sites, showing how they could be easily enhanced to use hAudio.


Simple Song Example

Display:

(This is a live example, detectable in parsers)

Start Wearing Purple by Gogol Bordello

Microformatted XHTML:

<div class="haudio">
   <span class="fn">Start Wearing Purple</span> by 
   <span class="contributor">Gogol Bordello</span>
</div>

Speech Example

(This is a live example, detectable in parsers)

Display:

I Have a Dream, a speech by Martin Luther King, Jr.

Microformatted XHTML:

	 
<div class="haudio">	 
   <span class="fn">I Have a Dream</span>, a 	 
   <span class="category">speech</span> by 	 
   <span class="contributor">
      <span class="vcard">
         <span class="fn n">
            <span class="given-name">Martin</span>
            <span class="additional-name">Luther</span>
            <span class="family-name">King</span>,
            <span class="honorific-suffix">Jr.</span>
         </span>
      </span>
   </span>
</div>	 

Note the use of hCard.

Song and Album Example

(This is a live example, detectable in parsers)

Display:

Start Wearing Purple by Gogol Bordello found on Underdog World Strike

Microformatted XHTML:

<div class="haudio">
   <span class="fn">Start Wearing Purple</span> by 
   <span class="contributor">
        <span class="vcard">
            <span class="fn org">Gogol Bordello</span>
        </span>
    </span>
   found on
   <span class="album">Underdog World Strike</span>
</div>

Note that for bands, hCard's Implied "organization-name" Optimization is used.

Complete Album Example

An example that uses every element of hAudio:

[Image] Live Phish, Volume 15 by Phish
Released: October 31, 2002
Acquire: Sample, Live Recording, Buy High Quality Track
Category: live
Duration: 145 minutes, 27 seconds
Price: $14.99

Tracks:
1. Sanity (5:48)
2. Highway To Hell (3:39)

Here is the hAudio Microformat markup:

<div class="haudio">
   <img class="photo" src="images/live_phish_vol_15.jpg" alt="" />
   <span class="album">Live Phish, Volume 15</span>
   <span class="contributor">
      <span class="vcard">
         <span class="fn org">Phish</span>
      </span>
   </span>
   <br/>
   Released on:
   <abbr class="published" title="2002-10-31">October 31, 2002</abbr>
   <br/>
   Acquire: 
   <a rel="sample" href="/samples/live_phish_vol_15_sample.mp3">Sample</a>, 
   <a rel="enclosure" href="/live/phish_live_phish_vol_15.mp3">Live Recording</a>,
   <a rel="payment" href="/buy/phish_live_phish_vol_15">Buy High Quality Track</a>
   Category: <a class="category" rel="tag" href="http://www.example.org/tags/live">live</a>
   Duration: <abbr class="duration" title="PT145M27S">145 minutes, 27 seconds</abbr>
   Price: <div class="price"><abbr class="currency" title="USD">$</abbr><span class="amount">14.99</span></div>
   Tracks:
   <div class="item">
      <span class="position">1</span>.
      <span class="fn">Sanity</span>
      (<abbr class="duration" title="PT5M48S">5:48</abbr>)
    </div>
    <div class="item">
     <span class="position">2</span>.
     <span class="fn">Highway To Hell</span> 
     (<abbr class="duration" title="PT3M39S">3:39</abbr>)
  </div>
</div>

Multi-part Podcast Example

DigitalPlanet Podcast: 29 Oct 07

Forensic computing: is it really possible to delete data from your machine? Grand plans for getting broadband into Africa, checking out the sky at night via the internet and answering your emails to the programme.

Download MP3

<div class="haudio">
<p>
   <span class="fn">DigitalPlanet Podcast</span>
   :
   <abbr class="published" title="20071029">29 Oct 07</abbr>
</p>
<p>
   <div class="item">
      <span class="fn">Forensic computing: is it really possible to delete data from your machine?</span>
   </div>
   <div class="item">
      <span class="fn">Grand plans for getting broadband into Africa</span>
   </div>
   , 
   <div class="item">
      <span class="fn">checking out the sky at night via the internet</span>
   </div> 
   and 
   <div class="item">
      <span class="fn">answering your emails</span>
   </div>
   to the programme.
</p>
<p>
   <a rel="enclosure" href="/download/episode/DigitalPlanet-2007-10-29">Download MP3</a>
</p>
</div>

Opera Example

(This is a live example, detectable in parsers)

La Bohème is an opera in four acts by Giacomo Puccini to an Italian liberetto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosais. I saw it performed last week and found Act III to be pretty interesting, especially the "Sa dirmi, scusi" and "O buon Marcello, aiuto!" arias.


<div class="haudio" lang="en">
   <span class="fn" lang="fr">La Bohème</span> 
   is an 
   <span class="category">opera</span> 
   in four acts by 
   <span class="contributor" lang="it">Giacomo Puccini</span>
   to an 
   <span class="category">Italian liberetto</span>
   by
   <span class="contributor" lang="it">Luigi Illica</span>
   and
   <span class="contributor" lang="it">Giuseppe Giacosais</span>.
   I saw it performed last week and found
   <span class="item">
      <span class="fn">Act III</span>
       to be pretty interesting, especially the
      <span class="item">
         "<span class="fn" lang="it">Sa dirmi, scusi</span>"
      </span>
      and
      <span class="item">
         "<span class="fn" lang="it">O buon Marcello, aiuto!</span>"
      </span>
      arias.
   </span>
</div>

Examples in the wild

This section is informative.

Implementations

This section is informative.

References

Normative References

Informative References

Similar Work

Copyright

This document and hAudio specification was placed into the public domain on 2008-11-14 by the authors. There are no usage, distribution, re-printing, or any other restrictions of any kind with regards to the text or content of this specification.

Patents

This specification is subject to a royalty free patent policy, e.g. per the W3C Patent Policy, and IETF RFC3667 & RFC3668.

Public Domain Release

The authors and editors of this page due hereby relinquish their copyright on the document and release the text of this page into the public domain.

Work in progress

This specification is a work in progress. As additional aspects are discussed, understood, and written, they will be added.

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