Microformats Wiki - User contributions [en]

hreview-aggregate

2014-03-10T16:05:02Z

GreenDog:

<entry-title>hReview-aggregate 0.2</entry-title>
{{DraftSpecification}}

[[hreview-aggregate|hReview-aggregate]] is a format for embedding review information (of products, services, businesses, etc). Whereas [[hreview|hReview]] is intended for an individual review, hReview-aggregate is meant for summary information about a collection of user or critic reviews about an item. hReview-aggregate is one of several [[microformats]] open standards suitable for embedding in HTML, XHTML, Atom, RSS, and arbitrary XML.

== Microformats Draft Specification 2009-11-10 ==

; Editor: [[User:KaviGoel|Kavi Goel]], Google
; Authors/Contributers (alphabetical): [[User:Tantek|Tantek Çelik]]
: Othar Hansson, Google
: [[User:JayMyers|Jay Myers]], [http://www.bestbuy.com/ Best Buy, Co., Inc.]

== Introduction ==

Many websites publish reviews using a variety of organization schemes. hReview-aggregate and the similar microformat [[hreview|hReview]] were designed to enable sharing of review information.

hReview, created in 2006, is well suited to mark up reviews done by individuals on their own websites or for editor's reviews for a new product or service. However, in recent years, there has been an increasing number of sites who aggregate user reviews, either by accepting reviews submitted to their website or by collecting those user reviews from across the web. In these cases, it is often valuable to share not just the individual reviews shown on the webpage, but the consensus opinion derived from those individual reviews.

hReview-aggregate was created to address this need. hReview-aggregate is a standard that can be used to share the number of reviews, average rating, and consensus opinion for a particular product or service. It is meant to complement hReview and reuses hReview properties wherever appropriate. Research and discussion that fed into the design of hReview-aggregate can be found on the [[aggregate-review-brainstorming|aggregate review brainstorming]] wiki page.

{{rfc-2119-intro}}

=== Scope ===

Collections of reviews consistently share several common aspects. Where possible hReview-aggregate has been based on this common subset.

=== Out of scope ===

Portions of reviews that are specific to particular kinds of items have been omitted from hReview-aggregate.

== Format ==

=== Schema ===

The hReview-aggregate schema consists of the following:

* hReview-aggregate ('''<code>hreview-aggregate</code>''')
** '''<code>item</code>''' info. required. '''<code>fn</code>''' ('''<code>url</code>''' || '''<code>photo</code>''' ) | '''[[hcard|hCard]]''' (for person or business) | '''[[hcalendar|hCalendar]]''' (for event) | '''[[hproduct|hProduct]]''' (for product)
** '''<code>rating</code>'''. required. fixed point integer [1.0-5.0], with optional alternate '''<code>worst</code>''' (default:1.0) and/or '''<code>best</code>''' (default:5.0), also fixed point integers, and explicit '''<code>average</code>'''.
** '''<code>count</code>'''. optional. non-negative integer.
** '''<code>votes</code>'''. optional. non-negative integer. Note that while <code>count</code> and <code>votes</code> are both marked optional, at least one of the two fields must be specified.
** '''<code>summary</code>'''. optional. text.

=== Property details ===

Details of the hReview-aggregate properties:

'''item''':: This required property {{must}} have at a minimum the name of the entity being reviewed (using the subproperty "fn"), or alternatively have an encapsulated microformat (i.e. [[hcard|hCard]] for a business or person, [[hproduct|hProduct]] for a product, or [[hcalendar|hCalendar]] for an event). If an encapsulated microformat is not used, a URI ("url") for the item and a photo or depiction ("photo") {{may}} also be provided. Non-URL unique item IDs (e.g. ISBNs, UPCs) {{may}} be represented as a URN ("url") for the item. Encapsulated microformats must be set on the item itself (e.g. class="item vcard"). However, when using item info subproperties ("fn", "url", "photo"), they must be nested inside the item element.

'''rating''':: The rating is a fixed point integer (one decimal point of precision) from 1.0 to 5.0 inclusive indicating the average rating for the item across all reviews, higher indicating a better rating by default. Optionally a different integral "worst" value and/or "best" value may be specified to indicate a different range (e.g. 6 from 0-10).

'''count''':: This property is used to specify the total number of reviews for the product or service.

'''votes''':: This property is used to specify the total number of users who have rated the product or service, contributing to the average rating. For some sites, the number of votes is equal to the number of reviews, so <code>count</code> may be used and this property omitted.

'''summary''':: This optional property can be the title for the review collection or a very short summary of the consensus opinion from the collection.

The <code>item</code>, <code>rating</code>, and <code>summary</code> properties are reused from [[hreview|hReview]].

== Examples ==

=== Basic example ===

Here is an example showing aggregate review information for a restaurant:

<pre><nowiki>
<div>
<h3>
<span>Mediterranean Wraps</span>
</h3>
<span>Customers flock to this small restaurant for their
tasty falafel and shawerma wraps and welcoming staff.</span>
<span>4.5 out of 5 based on 17 reviews</span>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

Adding hReview-aggregate markup to this is straightforward:

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="hreview-aggregate">
<h3 class="item">
<span class="fn">Mediterranean Wraps</span>
</h3>
<span class="summary">Customers flock to this small restaurant for their
tasty falafel and shawerma wraps and welcoming staff.</span>
<span><span class="rating">4.5</span> out of 5
based on <span class="count">17</span> reviews</span>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

=== Embedded microformat, 10-point rating scale ===

Often, there is more information available on a page about the item being reviewed than the title. Here is another example of a restaurant review, but with address information present.

<pre><nowiki>
<div>
<div>
<h3>Mediterranean Wraps</h3>
<span>433 S California Ave</span>
<span>Palo Alto, CA
<span>(650) 321-8189</span>
</div>
<span>Customers flock to this small restaurant for their
tasty falafel and shawerma wraps and welcoming staff.</span>
<span>9.2 out of 10 based on 17 reviews</span>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

And here it is with hReview-aggregate markup, along with an embedded [[hcard|hCard]] to describe the address and phone information for the restaurant:

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="hreview-aggregate">
<div class="item vcard">
<h3 class="fn">Mediterranean Wraps</h3>
<span class="adr">
<span class="street-address">433 S California Ave</span>
<span><span class="locality">Palo Alto</span>, <span class="region">CA</span></span>
<span class="tel">(650) 321-8189</span>
</span>
</div>
<span class="summary">Customers flock to this small restaurant for their
tasty falafel and shawerma wraps and welcoming staff.</span>
<span class="rating"><span class="average">9.2</span> out of <span class="best">10</span>
based on <span class="count">17</span> reviews</span>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

Note that the <code>item</code> and <code>vcard</code> are put next to each other in the same class attribute in order to show that the item being reviewed is described by the embedded hCard.

=== Count vs votes ===

In the examples so far, the <code>count</code> property has been used but not <code>votes</code>. <code>votes</code> is useful when users have rated an item without writing full corresponding reviews. Their vote contributed toward the average rating but not towards the number of reviews available.

Consider this example:

<pre><nowiki>
<div>
<h3>
<span>Mediterranean Wraps</span>
</h3>
<span>Customers flock to this small restaurant for their
tasty falafel and shawerma wraps and welcoming staff.</span>
<span>4.5 out of 5 based on 24 ratings.</span>
<span>5 user reviews:</span>
...
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

Here the example is again, with both <code>count</code> and <code>votes</code> specified where appropriate.

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="hreview-aggregate">
<h3 class="item">
<span class="fn">Mediterranean Wraps</span>
</h3>
<span class="summary">Customers flock to this small restaurant for their
tasty falafel and shawerma wraps and welcoming staff.</span>
<span><span class="rating">4.5</span> out of 5
based on <span class="votes">24</span> ratings.</span>
<span><span class="count">5</span> user reviews:</span>
...
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

== examples in the wild ==
This section is '''informative'''.

The following sites have implemented [[hReview-aggregate]], and thus are a great place to start for anyone looking for examples "in the wild" to try parsing, indexing, organizing etc. If your site is marked up with hReview aggregate, feel free to add it to the '''top''' of this list. Once the list grows too big, we'll make a separate wiki page like [[hreview-aggregate-examples-in-wild]] similar to [[hreview-examples-in-wild]].

* [http://www.ticket-vvk.com Ticket VVK] uses hreview-aggregate for concert ratings, and concert dates. Example: [http://www.ticket-vvk.com/helene-fischer-konzert/ Helene Fischer Konzerte 2014]
* [http://www.belvini.de/ BELViNi] For aggregating customers wine-reviews I used the hReview-aggregate standard, example: [http://www.belvini.de/pinfo.php/pID/8011/markus-schneider-kaitui-sauvignon-blanc-pfalz.html Reviews of the wine Kaitui]
* [http://www.konzerte-abfeiern.de/ konzerte-abfeiern.de] On this site I used the hReview-aggregate standard, you can see here one example: [http://www.konzerte-abfeiern.de/rocknheim/ Rock’n’Heim]
* [http://www.iconfinance.co.uk/bridging-finance/ Icon Finance] has an hReview aggregate (though invisible, and count only 1).
* [https://easygap.co.uk/ Easy Gap] uses hreview aggregate on a specific review page and homepage. Take a look at our review page here [http://easygap.co.uk/519/reviews/ Easy Gap Insurance reviews]
* [https://gapinsurance123.co.uk/ Gap Insurance 123] uses hreview aggregate on its Customer Testimonial, homepage and throughout the site. See here for example [https://gapinsurance123.co.uk/519/testimonials/ Gap Insurance testimonials]
* [http://www.jocurios.ro/jocuri-de-gatit Jocuri de gatit] is a online games website and uses hreview aggregate on review, see here example [http://www.jocurios.ro/jocuri-barbie Jocuri barbie]
* 2012-07-04: [http://www.autotrader.co.uk Auto Trader UK] rolled out hReview aggregate support (e.g. [http://www.autotrader.co.uk/used-cars/bmw/3-series Used BMW 3 Series cars for sale]) and "... [https://twitter.com/berianreed/status/220484982399963136 SERP updated almost instantly]".
* [http://www.essentialtravel.co.uk/travelinsurance/ Essential Travel Insurance] uses hreview-aggregate which shows up nicely in a [https://www.google.com/search?q=Essential+Travel+insurance Google Search].
* [http://www.mufa.de/free-sms.html mufa.de Free SMS ohne Anmeldung kostenlos versenden] We use hreview-aggregate for our green stars user rating on the bottom of our page. Feel free to check and copy our source code (from line ~96) for an example.
* [http://themusicfactorydisco.co.uk/ Mobile DJ Wirral] uses hreview aggregate on its Customer Review Pages. See here for example [http://themusicfactorydisco.co.uk/customer-reviews/ The Music Factory Disco]
* [http://www.applianceman-repair-fortbend.com/ac-air-conditioning-repair-houston-tx.html Houston Air Conditioning] uses hreview aggregate info on the bottom the the servicing webpages. See here for example [http://www.applianceman-repair-fortbend.com/ac-air-conditioning-repair-katy-tx.html AC Repair Katy]
* [http://www.euroexchange.de Kleinanzeigen kostenlos] ist die Plattform für gewerbliche und private Inserate mit Bild. Die Funktion wird in der Bewertung der Inserate durch Besucher verwendet. Siehe [http://www.euroexchange.de/detail.php?id=1 Ferienhaus Belgien]
* [http://www.spielplatztreff.de Spielplatztreff] is the playground rating website that implements hreview-aggregate and hreview for the userratings on each playground site e.g. [http://www.spielplatztreff.de/spielplatz/an-der-waldau-kinderfreizeitpark-in-bonn_205 Spielplatz in Bonn]
* [https://www.yourlastingpowerofattorney.co.uk Lasting Power of Attorney] is a legal service website that uses hReview on its testimonial with a site wide aggregation [https://www.yourlastingpowerofattorney.co.uk/lasting-power-of-attorney/lasting-power-of-attorney-guidance/ Lasting Power of Attorney Guidance]
* [http://petfoodtalk.com/ PetFoodTalk], a pet food review and coupon site, implements hreview-aggregate for its presentation of dog food [http://petfoodtalk.com/dogfoodreviews/ user ratings and reviews] and [http://petfoodtalk.com/dogfoodcoupons/ coupons] e.g. [http://petfoodtalk.com/dogfoodcoupons/blue-buffalo-coupons/ Blue Buffalo coupons] and [http://petfoodtalk.com/dogfoodreviews/blue-buffalo-dog-food/ reviews].
* [http://dinehere.ca/ DineHere] is a restaurant review site that publishes hreview-aggregates of hCards e.g. [http://dinehere.ca/vancouver/blue-edge-organic-cafe Blue Edge Organic Cafe].
* [http://dogfood.guru/ DogFood.Guru], a Dog Food Reviews site that publishes hreview in our reviews post.
* [http://www.urbanspoon.com/ urbanspoon] is a restaurant review site that publishes hreview-aggregates e.g. [http://www.urbanspoon.com/r/24/280005/restaurant/Buckman/3-Friends-Coffee-House-Portland 3 Friends Coffee House].
* [http://www.tickets-tour.de Tickets Tour] is a community news site about concerts where users can rate music events (also marked up with hCalender). Example: [http://www.tickets-tour.de/westernhagen-tour-2012/ Westernhagen]
* [http://www.golfmadesimpleinscotland.com Golf Made Simple In Scotland] uses hReview-aggregate for a page of golf tour testimonials written by clients. Example: [http://www.golfmadesimpleinscotland.com/testimonials/ Golf tour testimonials].
** the 'hreview-aggregate' element is unfortunately set to style="display:none" - [[User:Tantek|Tantek]] 17:35, 10 October 2011 (UTC)
* [http://www.ala.co.uk ALA GAP Insurance] use hReview-aggregate on their home page based on hProduct/hReviews used throughout the site
* [http://www.hardcoreepoxyflooringdetroit.com Epoxy Detroit] is a epoxy flooring and paint website that uses hReview on its footer that is site wide. View here for example [http://www.hardcoreepoxyflooringdetroit.com/ Epoxy Paint Michigan]
* [http://citysearch.com/ Citysearch] supports hReview-aggregate (e.g. [http://seattle.citysearch.com/profile/10767458/seattle_wa/tulio_ristorante.html Tulio Ristorante in Seattle] and [http://sanfrancisco.citysearch.com/profile/46396865/san_francisco_ca/four_barrel_coffee.html Four Barrel in SF]) with a nested hCard for the venue.
** minor flaw: uses a capitalized form of the root class name: <code>hReview-aggregate</code> [[User:Tantek|Tantek]] 01:37, 22 July 2011 (UTC)
* [http://www.giga-music.de Giga Music] is a community site where customers can rate different music and sport events (which are also marked up with hCalender). Example: [http://www.giga-music.de/david-garrett-tickets-live-konzerte/ David Garrett]
* [http://www.cabs.co.za CABS Car hire South Africa] Lists reviews submitted by customers on the customer testimonial page. Example: [http://www.cabs.co.za/customer-testimonials.html car rental reviews]
* [http://trustafriend.com Trust a Friend] Lists reviews of products and services submitted by users and external blogs. Example: [http://trustafriend.com/reviews/j.george-plastering-newent-gloucestershire/ J.George Plastering, Newent, Gloucestershire]
* CustomerLink Reviews has implemented hReview-aggregate for reviews of local businesses. Example: [http://reviews.customerlink.com/biz/auto-tech-sonora Review of Auto Tech & Tire]
* [http://www.oasisroofinginc.com/ roofing seattle wa] uses hreview aggregate inside the footer of roofer website. See here for example [http://www.oasisroofinginc.com/ Roof Repair Seattle]
* SuperStoreSearch.com is a shopping search engine and price comparison site and offers an interesting implementation of hReview-aggregate and hProduct, whereas typical e-commerce sites feature one store offer, this shopping search vertical site allows users to [http://www.superstoresearch.com/ compare prices], therefore you can see an example of the 'price' class being utilized with nested tags that also features the 'pricerange' class - which can be seen on individual pages such as this comparison listing for the [http://www.superstoresearch.com/shopping/categories/electronics/personal-audio/mp3-digital-media-players/apple-ipod-touch-8gb--24603784.html Apple iPod Touch 8GB]. The product information pages that have hReview-aggregate markup, also incorporate hProduct classes. hProduct has also been used on category menu pages such as this guide on [http://www.superstoresearch.com/shopping/categories/home-appliances/4253/washing-machines.html Washing Machines] - where multiple instances of hProduct can be seen on a single page. In total, over 10+ million products and pages have been updated with hProduct and hReview-aggregate markup.

* [http://www.thesuggestr.com theSUGGESTR.com] has implemented hReview-aggregate for it's business ratings and reviews.
* Google has implemented support for [http://www.google.com/support/webmasters/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=146645 hReview-aggregate] via [http://googlewebmastercentral.blogspot.com/2009/05/introducing-rich-snippets.html Rich Snippets].
* [http://local.stv.tv/glasgow/place/restaurant-japanese/10320725-wagamama/ STV Local] uses hreview-aggregate for business ratings, average prices and contact details with hcard
* [http://www.critiki.com Critiki] publishes ratings and reviews of Tiki bars, and uses hReview aggregate for average ratings on their pages, e.g. [http://www.critiki.com/cgi-bin/location.cgi?loc_id=162 overview of The Tonga Room]. (as [http://twitter.com/humuhumu/status/4165014155 tweeted by humuhumu] 2009-09-21)
* [http://free.naplesplus.us NAPLESPLUS] is an example of a website that has implemented hreview-aggregate via Google specs.
*[http://FriendsEAT.com FriendsEAT] is an example of a food website that has implemented hreview-aggregate for it's restaurant and recipe ratings/reviews, e.g. [http://friendseat.com/restaurants/New-York/Churrascaria-Plataforma Review of Churrascaria Plataforma]
* [http://www.vorverkaufstarts.de Vorverkaufstarts.de] uses hreview-aggregate for concert ratings, and concert dates. Example: [http://www.vorverkaufstarts.de/robbie-williams-tour-2013-koln-munchen/ Robbie Williams Tour 2013]
* ...

== Related Pages ==

* [[hreview|hReview]] - microformat for marking up individual reviews
* [[aggregate-review-brainstorming|Aggregate review brainstorming]] - discussions leading to the creation of hReview-aggregate and ideas for improvement.
* [[aggregate-review-examples|Aggregate review examples]]

[[Category:Draft Specifications]]
[[Category:hReview-aggregate]]

rel-nofollow

2013-02-18T01:49:34Z

GreenDog:

<entry-title>rel="nofollow"</entry-title>
__TOC__
== Specification 2005-01-10 ==

=== Editors ===
* [http://tantek.com/ Tantek Çelik] ([http://technorati.com Technorati, Inc.])
* [http://epeus.blogspot.com/ Kevin Marks] ([http://technorati.com Technorati, Inc.])

=== Concept ===
* [http://www.google.com/googleblog/ Matt Cutts] ([http://google.com Google, Inc])
* [http://www.shellen.com/ Jason Shellen] ([http://www.blogger.com Blogger]/[http://www.google.com Google])

=== Copyright ===
{{MicroFormatCopyrightStatement2005}}
* [[User:Tantek|Tantek]]: I release all my contributions to this specification into the public domain and I encourage the other authors to do so as well.
* [[User:Kevin Marks|Kevin Marks]]: I release all my contributions to this specification into the public domain and I encourage the other authors to do so as well.
** When all authors/editors have done so, we can remove the MicroFormatCopyrightStatement template reference and replace it with the MicroFormatPublicDomainContributionStatement.

=== Patents ===
{{MicroFormatPatentStatement}}

== Abstract ==
<p class="entry-summary">RelNoFollow is an [[elemental-microformat|elemental microformat]], one of several [[microformats|microformat]] open standards. By adding <code>rel="nofollow"</code> to a hyperlink, a page indicates that the destination of that hyperlink {{should not}} be afforded any additional weight or ranking by user agents which perform link analysis upon web pages (e.g. search engines). Typical use cases include links created by 3rd party commenters on blogs, or links the author wishes to point to, but avoid endorsing. For more specific endorsement (or lack thereof) semantics, see [[vote-links|VoteLinks]].</p>

== XMDP profile ==
The following is an [http://gmpg.org/xmdp/ XMDP] profile for the [[rel-nofollow]] specification.

=== URLs ===
This profile is hosted as a separate XMDP file on microformats.org:
* http://microformats.org/profile/rel-nofollow
* shortURL: http://ufs.cc/x/rel-nofollow

=== Usage ===
Profiles are referenced in (X)HTML files in the <HEAD> tag, e.g.:
<source lang=html4strict>
<head profile='http://microformats.org/profile/rel-nofollow'>
</source>

=== Profile ===
<source lang=html4strict>
<dl class="profile">
<dt id="rel">rel</dt>
<dd><p>
<a rel="help" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/struct/links.html#adef-rel">
HTML4 definition of the 'rel' attribute.</a>
Here is an additional value as defined in the
<a rel="help start" href="http://microformats.org/wiki/rel-nofollow">
rel-nofollow specification</a>
.</p>
<dl>
<dt id="nofollow">nofollow</dt>
<dd>Indicates that the referred resource was not necessarily linked to
by the author of the page, and thus said reference should not afford
the referred resource any additional weight or ranking by user agents.
</dd>
</dl>
</dd>
</dl>
</source>

== examples in the wild ==
This section is informative.
Note: There are numerous uses of rel-nofollow in the wild, this is very much an incomplete list. If your site marked up with rel-nofollow, feel free to add it to the top of this list. Once the list grows too big, we'll make a separate wiki page ([[rel-nofollow-examples-in-wild]]).
* [http://www.netd.it/sviluppo/ Netdesign Developers Network] uses the rel-nofollow attribute to make search engines don't follow the "off-topic" links.
* [http://funadvice.com FunAdvice] supports using the rel-nofollow tag to prevent users posting content simply for the search engine benefit, to improve the quality of the advice giving community.
* [http://www.cabs.co.za CABS Car hire South Africa] supports using the rel-nofollow tag to prevent inproper listings in the accommodation directory
* [http://petfoodtalk.com/dogfoodcoupons/ Dog Food Coupons] provides a dog food coupon collection service for dog owners. rel-nofollow is used to instruct search engine agents to '''not''' further execute link analysis and avoid endorsement of the actual merchant coupon links.
* [http://petmoz.com/dogfoodcoupons Pet Food Coupons] While listing coupons in our Dog Food Coupons section why use the rel-nofollow tag to make sure that search engines specifically Google do not follow any links we believe have no value to the visitor.

== bad examples in the wild ==
This section is informative.
There are now numerous abuses of rel-nofollow, in particular, where it is used on *2nd party* links, rather than the original intention of *3rd party* links such as in blog comments. The primary abusers of rel-nofollow are content hosting / social network sites.
* [http://flickr.com/ Flickr] puts "nofollow" on comments by the content publisher themselves (should only be on 3rd party comments), e.g. http://www.flickr.com/photos/tantek/2344425887/ as well as on profile links e.g. website: http://www.flickr.com/people/microformats/
* [http://twitter.com/ Twitter] puts "nofollow" on account holders' profile links, in the "description" and "web site" fields, e.g. http://twitter.com/indiewebcamp (links in posts do not have "nofollow" yet are wrapped with "t.co" URLs).
* ... nearly every other content hosting / publishing site - please add more specific examples with direct URLs to pages abusing "nofollow".

=== exceptions ===
It may seem odd to explicitly list *non* examples in an examples in the wild section, but such non-examples may be useful to help convince the bad examples in the wild to change their behavior:
* [http://blogspot.com/ Blogspot] does NOT put "nofollow" on content publisher links, e.g. http://epeus.blogspot.com/2012/03/when-youre-merchandise-not-customer.html
* [http://tumblr.com/ Tumblr] does NOT put "nofollow" on content publisher links, e.g. http://adactio.tumblr.com/post/27135731578/the-web-unusually-came-with-a-view-source
* ... (let's hope we find more such non-examples)

== normative references ==
* [http://gmpg.org/xmdp/ XMDP]
* http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2005/01/preventing-comment-spam.html

== informative references ==
* VoteLinks can be used by an author to explicitly state their support for or against, or neutrality toward the destination of a link. Implementers implementing rel="nofollow" and VoteLinks should similarly not afford any additional weight or ranking to links with either <code>rev="vote-abstain"</code> or <code>rev="vote-against"</code>.
* Contributed from http://developers.technorati.com/wiki/RelNoFollow

== open issues ==
These are open issues that have been raised about rel="nofollow" that have been raised in various forums, in particular, on the public [http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-html W3C www-html mailing list]. Once the list grows too big, we'll make a separate wiki page ([[rel-nofollow-issues]]). The issues have been grouped into four areas.

* '''Definition'''. nofollow indicates a behavior rather than a relationship from which the behavior should be inferred as appropriate for the useragent. rel values should be nouns that indicates what the resource being referenced is in relation to the source.
* '''Name'''. nofollow is a bad name.
** overloading. does not mean the same as robots exclusion standards (robots.txt, meta robots) nofollow.
** does not mean what it says. does not mean "do not follow this link", rather it means " do not add weight from this link". [http://www.w3.org/mid/opsk3cccj9lo81gp@quark Asbjørn Ulsberg]
** not a noun. see above.
** suggested alternatives:
*** noendorse - [http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-html/2005Jan/0046.html Micah Dubinko]
*** none
*** noweight
*** unendorsed - [http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-html/2005Jan/0057.html Lachlan Hunt]
*** unrelated - [http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-html/2005Jan/0049.html Jens Meiert]
*** untrusted
*** nonauth - [http://www.mnot.net/blog/2003/12/29/comment_spam_and_google Mark Baker]
*** norank - [http://www.digitalburg.com/ Ben Pierce]
* '''Efficacy'''. nofollow will not affect spamming behavior.
* '''Collateral Damage'''. If tools automatically add nofollow to all 3rd party links, then many legitimate non-spam links will be ignored or given reduced weight, and thus the destination of such links will be unfortunate casualties.

=== additional lists of issues ===
Additional lists of issues raised against rel="nofollow" can be found at the following site(s):
* http://www.nonofollow.net/
Matt Cutts Says No to Nofollow On Internal Links:
* http://www.techzene.com/seo/rel-nofollow-seo-disadvantages/

[[Category:Specifications]]
[[Category:rel-nofollow]]

== articles ==
When this section gets too big, we can move it to [[rel-nofollow-articles]].
* [http://searchenginewatch.com/3633972 2009-06-03 Search Engine Watch: Google Changes Course on Nofollow]
* [http://reference.sitepoint.com/html/rel-mf#rel__nofollow SitePoint reference: rel- Microformats / nofollow] by Ian Lloyd

hreview-aggregate

2012-10-17T03:59:42Z

GreenDog:

<entry-title>hReview-aggregate 0.2</entry-title>
{{DraftSpecification}}

[[hreview-aggregate|hReview-aggregate]] is a format for embedding review information (of products, services, businesses, etc). Whereas [[hreview|hReview]] is intended for an individual review, hReview-aggregate is meant for summary information about a collection of user or critic reviews about an item. hReview-aggregate is one of several [[microformats]] open standards suitable for embedding in HTML, XHTML, Atom, RSS, and arbitrary XML.

== Microformats Draft Specification 2009-11-10 ==

; Editor: [[User:KaviGoel|Kavi Goel]], Google
; Authors/Contributers (alphabetical): [[User:Tantek|Tantek Çelik]]
: Othar Hansson, Google
: [[User:JayMyers|Jay Myers]], [http://www.bestbuy.com/ Best Buy, Co., Inc.]

== Introduction ==

Many websites publish reviews using a variety of organization schemes. hReview-aggregate and the similar microformat [[hreview|hReview]] were designed to enable sharing of review information.

hReview, created in 2006, is well suited to mark up reviews done by individuals on their own websites or for editor's reviews for a new product or service. However, in recent years, there has been an increasing number of sites who aggregate user reviews, either by accepting reviews submitted to their website or by collecting those user reviews from across the web. In these cases, it is often valuable to share not just the individual reviews shown on the webpage, but the consensus opinion derived from those individual reviews.

hReview-aggregate was created to address this need. hReview-aggregate is a standard that can be used to share the number of reviews, average rating, and consensus opinion for a particular product or service. It is meant to complement hReview and reuses hReview properties wherever appropriate. Research and discussion that fed into the design of hReview-aggregate can be found on the [[aggregate-review-brainstorming|aggregate review brainstorming]] wiki page.

{{rfc-2119-intro}}

=== Scope ===

Collections of reviews consistently share several common aspects. Where possible hReview-aggregate has been based on this common subset.

=== Out of scope ===

Portions of reviews that are specific to particular kinds of items have been omitted from hReview-aggregate.

== Format ==

=== Schema ===

The hReview-aggregate schema consists of the following:

* hReview-aggregate ('''<code>hreview-aggregate</code>''')
** '''<code>item</code>''' info. required. '''<code>fn</code>''' ('''<code>url</code>''' || '''<code>photo</code>''' ) | '''[[hcard|hCard]]''' (for person or business) | '''[[hcalendar|hCalendar]]''' (for event) | '''[[hproduct|hProduct]]''' (for product)
** '''<code>rating</code>'''. required. fixed point integer [1.0-5.0], with optional alternate '''<code>worst</code>''' (default:1.0) and/or '''<code>best</code>''' (default:5.0), also fixed point integers, and explicit '''<code>average</code>'''.
** '''<code>count</code>'''. optional. non-negative integer.
** '''<code>votes</code>'''. optional. non-negative integer. Note that while <code>count</code> and <code>votes</code> are both marked optional, at least one of the two fields must be specified.
** '''<code>summary</code>'''. optional. text.

=== Property details ===

Details of the hReview-aggregate properties:

'''item''':: This required property {{must}} have at a minimum the name of the entity being reviewed (using the subproperty "fn"), or alternatively have an encapsulated microformat (i.e. [[hcard|hCard]] for a business or person, [[hproduct|hProduct]] for a product, or [[hcalendar|hCalendar]] for an event). If an encapsulated microformat is not used, a URI ("url") for the item and a photo or depiction ("photo") {{may}} also be provided. Non-URL unique item IDs (e.g. ISBNs, UPCs) {{may}} be represented as a URN ("url") for the item. Encapsulated microformats must be set on the item itself (e.g. class="item vcard"). However, when using item info subproperties ("fn", "url", "photo"), they must be nested inside the item element.

'''rating''':: The rating is a fixed point integer (one decimal point of precision) from 1.0 to 5.0 inclusive indicating the average rating for the item across all reviews, higher indicating a better rating by default. Optionally a different integral "worst" value and/or "best" value may be specified to indicate a different range (e.g. 6 from 0-10).

'''count''':: This property is used to specify the total number of reviews for the product or service.

'''votes''':: This property is used to specify the total number of users who have rated the product or service, contributing to the average rating. For some sites, the number of votes is equal to the number of reviews, so <code>count</code> may be used and this property omitted.

'''summary''':: This optional property can be the title for the review collection or a very short summary of the consensus opinion from the collection.

The <code>item</code>, <code>rating</code>, and <code>summary</code> properties are reused from [[hreview|hReview]].

== Examples ==

=== Basic example ===

Here is an example showing aggregate review information for a restaurant:

<pre><nowiki>
<div>
<h3>
<span>Mediterranean Wraps</span>
</h3>
<span>Customers flock to this small restaurant for their
tasty falafel and shawerma wraps and welcoming staff.</span>
<span>4.5 out of 5 based on 17 reviews</span>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

Adding hReview-aggregate markup to this is straightforward:

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="hreview-aggregate">
<h3 class="item">
<span class="fn">Mediterranean Wraps</span>
</h3>
<span class="summary">Customers flock to this small restaurant for their
tasty falafel and shawerma wraps and welcoming staff.</span>
<span><span class="rating">4.5</span> out of 5
based on <span class="count">17</span> reviews</span>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

=== Embedded microformat, 10-point rating scale ===

Often, there is more information available on a page about the item being reviewed than the title. Here is another example of a restaurant review, but with address information present.

<pre><nowiki>
<div>
<div>
<h3>Mediterranean Wraps</h3>
<span>433 S California Ave</span>
<span>Palo Alto, CA
<span>(650) 321-8189</span>
</div>
<span>Customers flock to this small restaurant for their
tasty falafel and shawerma wraps and welcoming staff.</span>
<span>9.2 out of 10 based on 17 reviews</span>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

And here it is with hReview-aggregate markup, along with an embedded [[hcard|hCard]] to describe the address and phone information for the restaurant:

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="hreview-aggregate">
<div class="item vcard">
<h3 class="fn">Mediterranean Wraps</h3>
<span class="adr">
<span class="street-address">433 S California Ave</span>
<span><span class="locality">Palo Alto</span>, <span class="region">CA</span></span>
<span class="tel">(650) 321-8189</span>
</span>
</div>
<span class="summary">Customers flock to this small restaurant for their
tasty falafel and shawerma wraps and welcoming staff.</span>
<span class="rating"><span class="average">9.2</span> out of <span class="best">10</span>
based on <span class="count">17</span> reviews</span>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

Note that the <code>item</code> and <code>vcard</code> are put next to each other in the same class attribute in order to show that the item being reviewed is described by the embedded hCard.

=== Count vs votes ===

In the examples so far, the <code>count</code> property has been used but not <code>votes</code>. <code>votes</code> is useful when users have rated an item without writing full corresponding reviews. Their vote contributed toward the average rating but not towards the number of reviews available.

Consider this example:

<pre><nowiki>
<div>
<h3>
<span>Mediterranean Wraps</span>
</h3>
<span>Customers flock to this small restaurant for their
tasty falafel and shawerma wraps and welcoming staff.</span>
<span>4.5 out of 5 based on 24 ratings.</span>
<span>5 user reviews:</span>
...
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

Here the example is again, with both <code>count</code> and <code>votes</code> specified where appropriate.

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="hreview-aggregate">
<h3 class="item">
<span class="fn">Mediterranean Wraps</span>
</h3>
<span class="summary">Customers flock to this small restaurant for their
tasty falafel and shawerma wraps and welcoming staff.</span>
<span><span class="rating">4.5</span> out of 5
based on <span class="votes">24</span> ratings.</span>
<span><span class="count">5</span> user reviews:</span>
...
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

== examples in the wild ==
This section is '''informative'''.

The following sites have implemented [[hReview-aggregate]], and thus are a great place to start for anyone looking for examples "in the wild" to try parsing, indexing, organizing etc. If your site is marked up with hReview aggregate, feel free to add it to the '''top''' of this list. Once the list grows too big, we'll make a separate wiki page like [[hreview-aggregate-examples-in-wild]] similar to [[hreview-examples-in-wild]].

* [https://gapinsurance123.co.uk/ Gap Insurance 123] uses hreview aggregate on its Customer Testimonial, homepage and throughout the site. See here for example [https://gapinsurance123.co.uk/519/testimonials/ Gap Insurance testimonials]
* [http://www.jocurios.ro/jocuri-de-gatit Jocuri de gatit] is a online games website and uses hreview aggregate on review, see here example [http://www.jocurios.ro/jocuri-barbie Jocuri barbie]
* 2012-07-04: [http://www.autotrader.co.uk Auto Trader UK] rolled out hReview aggregate support (e.g. [http://www.autotrader.co.uk/used-cars/bmw/3-series Used BMW 3 Series cars for sale]) and "... [https://twitter.com/berianreed/status/220484982399963136 SERP updated almost instantly]".
* [http://www.essentialtravel.co.uk/travelinsurance/ Essential Travel Insurance] uses hreview-aggregate which shows up nicely in a [https://www.google.com/search?q=Essential+Travel+insurance Google Search].
* [http://www.mufa.de/free-sms.html mufa.de Free SMS ohne Anmeldung kostenlos versenden] We use hreview-aggregate for our green stars user rating on the bottom of our page. Feel free to check and copy our source code (from line ~96) for an example.
* [http://themusicfactorydisco.co.uk/ Mobile DJ Wirral] uses hreview aggregate on its Customer Review Pages. See here for example [http://themusicfactorydisco.co.uk/customer-reviews/ The Music Factory Disco]
* [http://www.applianceman-repair-fortbend.com/ac-air-conditioning-repair-houston-tx.html Houston Air Conditioning] uses hreview aggregate info on the bottom the the servicing webpages. See here for example [http://www.applianceman-repair-fortbend.com/ac-air-conditioning-repair-katy-tx.html AC Repair Katy]
* [http://www.euroexchange.de Kleinanzeigen kostenlos] ist die Plattform für gewerbliche und private Inserate mit Bild. Die Funktion wird in der Bewertung der Inserate durch Besucher verwendet. Siehe [http://www.euroexchange.de/detail.php?id=1 Ferienhaus Belgien]
* [http://www.spielplatztreff.de Spielplatztreff] is the playground rating website that implements hreview-aggregate and hreview for the userratings on each playground site e.g. [http://www.spielplatztreff.de/spielplatz/an-der-waldau-kinderfreizeitpark-in-bonn_205 Spielplatz in Bonn]
* [https://www.yourlastingpowerofattorney.co.uk Lasting Power of Attorney] is a legal service website that uses hReview on its testimonial with a site wide aggregation [https://www.yourlastingpowerofattorney.co.uk/lasting-power-of-attorney/lasting-power-of-attorney-guidance/ Lasting Power of Attorney Guidance]
* [http://petfoodtalk.com/ PetFoodTalk], a pet food review and coupon site, implements hreview-aggregate for its presentation of dog food [http://petfoodtalk.com/dogfoodreviews/ user ratings and reviews] and [http://petfoodtalk.com/dogfoodcoupons/ coupons] e.g. [http://petfoodtalk.com/dogfoodcoupons/blue-buffalo-coupons/ Blue Buffalo coupons] and [http://petfoodtalk.com/dogfoodreviews/blue-buffalo-dog-food/ reviews].
* [http://petmoz.com/ PetMOZ], a pet related site, implements hreview-aggregate for its presentation of reviews [http://petmoz.com/dogfood Reviews].
* [http://dinehere.ca/ DineHere] is a restaurant review site that publishes hreview-aggregates of hCards e.g. [http://dinehere.ca/vancouver/blue-edge-organic-cafe Blue Edge Organic Cafe].
* [http://www.urbanspoon.com/ urbanspoon] is a restaurant review site that publishes hreview-aggregates e.g. [http://www.urbanspoon.com/r/24/280005/restaurant/Buckman/3-Friends-Coffee-House-Portland 3 Friends Coffee House].
* [http://www.tickets-tour.de Tickets Tour] is a community news site about concerts where users can rate music events (also marked up with hCalender). Example: [http://www.tickets-tour.de/westernhagen-tour-2012/ Westernhagen]
* [http://www.golfmadesimpleinscotland.com Golf Made Simple In Scotland] uses hReview-aggregate for a page of golf tour testimonials written by clients. Example: [http://www.golfmadesimpleinscotland.com/testimonials/ Golf tour testimonials].
** the 'hreview-aggregate' element is unfortunately set to style="display:none" - [[User:Tantek|Tantek]] 17:35, 10 October 2011 (UTC)
* [http://www.ala.co.uk ALA GAP Insurance] use hReview-aggregate on their home page based on hProduct/hReviews used throughout the site
* [http://www.hardcoreepoxyflooringdetroit.com Epoxy Detroit] is a epoxy flooring and paint website that uses hReview on its footer that is site wide. View here for example [http://www.hardcoreepoxyflooringdetroit.com/ Epoxy Paint Michigan]
* [http://citysearch.com/ Citysearch] supports hReview-aggregate (e.g. [http://seattle.citysearch.com/profile/10767458/seattle_wa/tulio_ristorante.html Tulio Ristorante in Seattle] and [http://sanfrancisco.citysearch.com/profile/46396865/san_francisco_ca/four_barrel_coffee.html Four Barrel in SF]) with a nested hCard for the venue.
** minor flaw: uses a capitalized form of the root class name: <code>hReview-aggregate</code> [[User:Tantek|Tantek]] 01:37, 22 July 2011 (UTC)
* [http://www.giga-music.de Giga Music] is a community site where customers can rate different music and sport events (which are also marked up with hCalender). Example: [http://www.giga-music.de/david-garrett-tickets-live-konzerte/ David Garrett]
* [http://www.cabs.co.za CABS Car hire South Africa] Lists reviews submitted by customers on the customer testimonial page. Example: [http://www.cabs.co.za/customer-testimonials.html car rental reviews]
* [http://trustafriend.com Trust a Friend] Lists reviews of products and services submitted by users and external blogs. Example: [http://trustafriend.com/reviews/j.george-plastering-newent-gloucestershire/ J.George Plastering, Newent, Gloucestershire]
* CustomerLink Reviews has implemented hReview-aggregate for reviews of local businesses. Example: [http://reviews.customerlink.com/biz/auto-tech-sonora Review of Auto Tech & Tire]
* [http://www.oasisroofinginc.com/ roofing seattle wa] uses hreview aggregate inside the footer of roofer website. See here for example [http://www.oasisroofinginc.com/ Roof Repair Seattle]
* SuperStoreSearch.com is a shopping search engine and price comparison site and offers an interesting implementation of hReview-aggregate and hProduct, whereas typical e-commerce sites feature one store offer, this shopping search vertical site allows users to [http://www.superstoresearch.com/ compare prices], therefore you can see an example of the 'price' class being utilized with nested tags that also features the 'pricerange' class - which can be seen on individual pages such as this comparison listing for the [http://www.superstoresearch.com/shopping/categories/electronics/personal-audio/mp3-digital-media-players/apple-ipod-touch-8gb--24603784.html Apple iPod Touch 8GB]. The product information pages that have hReview-aggregate markup, also incorporate hProduct classes. hProduct has also been used on category menu pages such as this guide on [http://www.superstoresearch.com/shopping/categories/home-appliances/4253/washing-machines.html Washing Machines] - where multiple instances of hProduct can be seen on a single page. In total, over 10+ million products and pages have been updated with hProduct and hReview-aggregate markup.

* [http://www.thesuggestr.com theSUGGESTR.com] has implemented hReview-aggregate for it's business ratings and reviews.
* Google has implemented support for [http://www.google.com/support/webmasters/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=146645 hReview-aggregate] via [http://googlewebmastercentral.blogspot.com/2009/05/introducing-rich-snippets.html Rich Snippets].
* [http://local.stv.tv/glasgow/place/restaurant-japanese/10320725-wagamama/ STV Local] uses hreview-aggregate for business ratings, average prices and contact details with hcard
* [http://www.critiki.com Critiki] publishes ratings and reviews of Tiki bars, and uses hReview aggregate for average ratings on their pages, e.g. [http://www.critiki.com/cgi-bin/location.cgi?loc_id=162 overview of The Tonga Room]. (as [http://twitter.com/humuhumu/status/4165014155 tweeted by humuhumu] 2009-09-21)
* [http://free.naplesplus.us NAPLESPLUS] is an example of a website that has implemented hreview-aggregate via Google specs.
*[http://FriendsEAT.com FriendsEAT] is an example of a food website that has implemented hreview-aggregate for it's restaurant and recipe ratings/reviews, e.g. [http://friendseat.com/restaurants/New-York/Churrascaria-Plataforma Review of Churrascaria Plataforma]
* ...

== Related Pages ==

* [[hreview|hReview]] - microformat for marking up individual reviews
* [[aggregate-review-brainstorming|Aggregate review brainstorming]] - discussions leading to the creation of hReview-aggregate and ideas for improvement.
* [[aggregate-review-examples|Aggregate review examples]]

[[Category:Draft Specifications]]
[[Category:hReview-aggregate]]