Microformats Wiki - User contributions [en]

Main Page-ja

2007-02-21T09:41:27Z

KoichiWada: link to hreview -> hreview-jp

__NOTOC__
<h1>Microformats Wiki</h1>

'''こんにちは！''' microformats wikiにようこそ。もしこのページを見るのが初めてでしたら、[[introduction-ja|microformatsの手引き]]をご覧ください。

何か編集する前には必ず[[how-to-play-ja]]を読んでください。

新しいmicroformatsを提案する際は、必ず[[process]]を読んでからにしてください。

__TOC__

== はじめに ==

[[what-are-microformats|microformatsとは何でしょう]]？また[[what-can-you-do-with-microformats|microformatsで何ができますか]]？

まずは[http://microformats.org/about/ about page]、そして[http://microformats.org/ latest news]をご覧ください。また最新の[[press-ja|プレス]]や[[presentations-ja|プレゼンテーション]]、さらには[[podcasts|ポッドキャスト]]や[[screencasts|スクリーンキャスト]]もmicroformatsの基礎を理解する手助けになると思います。よくある質問とその答えは[[faq|FAQ]]で、また[[glossary|用語集]]もあります。

識者からもっと教わりたいことがあれば、[[events|microformatsのイベント]]もありますよ。

== 定義 ==

[http://microformats.org/discuss/ メーリングリスト]([[mailing-lists]])での一般的な定義は、「分散的開発を実現するために用いられる、セマンティクスをHTMLに埋め込む為のシンプルな仕様」です。もう少し細かく説明すると、microformatsは下記のように定義できます。
:分散的開発を実現するために用いられる
::Webにあるリソースそのものや、それを利用するツールやサービスを分散的に処理できるようにします。
:セマンティクスをHTMLに埋め込むための
::それぞれの分野に特化することで、各仕様が小さいものとなります。
:シンプルな仕様
:人間が解読できる(X)HTML/XMLドキュメントやAtom/RSSフィード、そしてプレーンなXMLでの提供
::現存するコンテンツの利用パターンを標準化することからはじめています。
::概略的で説明的なclass名を使い、ソースをみてもわかりやすくなっています。
::現存の相互運用できる規格に基づくことにより、汎用性が高まります。

シンプルに言うと、「microformatsは成文化したコンベンションのことです。」 -- [http://easy-reader.net Aaron Gustafson]

「ブラウザーでWeb巡回しかしないんだ。それはまた20世紀的だね。」 -- [http://diveintomark.org Mark Pilgrim]

== 協力の方法 ==

microformatsをより発展させるためには次のことができます。

*Check out our open [[to-do|to do list]] for things to help get done.
*Join the [http://microformats.org/discuss mailing lists] and [[irc|IRC Channel]] to learn and help answer questions about microformats.
*[[advocacy|Advocate]] the use of microformats.
*[[Main_Page-ja#.E4.BB.96.E8.A8.80.E8.AA.9E.E3.81.A7.E3.81.AEmicroformats_wiki|他言語でのmicroformats wiki]]を見てください。そして、世界中の人が利用しやすくするためにmicroformats wikiの翻訳を手伝ってください。

== 仕様 ==

[[microformats-ja|microformats]] オープンスタンダードの仕様 ([[implementations|実装]]もご覧ください)

* [[hcalendar-ja|hCalendar]] - [http://microformats.org/code/hcalendar/creator hcalendar creator]
* [[hcard-ja|hCard]] - [http://microformats.org/code/hcard/creator hcard creator]
* [[rel-license-ja|rel-license]](翻訳完了)
* [[rel-nofollow-ja|rel-nofollow]](翻訳完了)
* [[rel-tag-ja|rel-tag]](翻訳完了)
* [[vote-links-ja|VoteLinks]](翻訳中！)
* [http://gmpg.org/xfn/ XFN] ([[xfn-implementations|XFNの実装]]もご覧下さい)
* [http://gmpg.org/xmdp/ XMDP]
* [[xoxo-ja|XOXO]](翻訳中！)

== ドラフト ==

* [[adr|adr]]
* [[geo|geo]]
* [[hatom|hAtom]] {{NewMarker}}
* [[hresume|hResume]] {{NewMarker}}
* [[hreview-ja|hReview]] - [http://microformats.org/code/hreview/creator hreview creator]
* [[rel-directory]]
* [[rel-enclosure]]
* [[rel-home]]
* [[relpayment-research | rel-payment]]
* [[robots-exclusion|Robots Exclusion]]
* [[xfolk|xFolk]]

== デザインパターン ==

{{design_patterns-ja}} 

== Exploratory Discussions ==

実世界での[[examples|例]]の調査や分析、既に存在するフォーマット、またmicroformatsにできそうなもののブレインストーミングをまとめています。もし何かページを追加した場合、まず[[rejected-formats]]を見てから行ってください。
*alternates [[alternates-brainstorming|alternates brainstorming]], [[alternates-examples|alternates examples]]
*[[attention]]
* blog description [[blog-description-examples|blog description examples]]
* blog info [[blog-info-examples|blog info examples]]
* blog post [[blog-post-examples|examples]], [[blog-post-formats|blog post formats]], and [[blog-post-brainstorming|blog post brainstorming]] (yielded the [[hatom|hAtom]] draft)
* book [[book-examples|book examples]], [[book-formats|book formats]], and [[book-brainstorming|book brainstorming]]
* chat [[chat-examples|chat examples]], [[chat-formats|chat formats]], and [[chat-brainstorming|chat brainstorming]]
* citation [[citation|citation effort]], [[citation-examples|citation examples]], [[citation-formats|citation formats]], [[citation-brainstorming|citation brainstorming]], and [[citation-faq|citation FAQ]]
* comment [[comment-problem|comment problem]], [[comment-examples|comment examples]], and [[comments-formats|comment formats]] (Some stuff needs to be extracted from [[comments-formats]])
* [[collection-description|collection description]] {{NewMarker}}
* [[course-catalog]]; [[course-catalog-examples]] {{NewMarker}}
* [[currency]]; [[currency-examples]]; [[currency-brainstorming]] {{NewMarker}}
* directions [[directions-examples|directions examples]] {{NewMarker}}
* directory inclusion [[directory-inclusion-examples|directory inclusion examples]], [[directory-inclusion-formats|directory inclusion formats]]. (see also [[rel-directory]])
* distributed conversation [[distributed-conversation|distributed conversation overview]], [[distributed-conversation-brainstorming|distributed conversation brainstorming]], [[distributed-conversation-examples|distributed conversation examples]], and [[distributed-conversation-formats|distributed conversation formats]]
* forms [[forms-examples|forms examples]]
* genealogy [[genealogy-formats|genealogy examples]]
* group [[group-brainstorming|group brainstorming]] and [[group-examples|group examples]]
* hash [[hash-examples|hash examples]]
* items [[items-brainstorming|items brainstorming]] and [[items-examples|items examples]
* job listing [[job-listing-examples|job listing examples]] and [[job-listing-brainstorming|job listing brainstorming]]
* last modified [[last-modified-examples|last modified examples]], [[last-modified-formats|last modified formats]], and [[last-modified-brainstorming|last modified brainstorming]]
* hListing [[hlisting-proposal|hListing proposal]], and [[hlisting-feedback|hListing feedback]] {{NewMarker}}
** Also, listing [[listing-examples|examples]], [[listing-formats|formats]], and [[listing-brainstorming|brainstorming]]
* [[hproduct|hProduct]] - [[hproduct-brainstorming|hProduct brainstorming]] | [[hproduct-feedback|hProduct discussion]] | [[hproduct-examples|hProduct examples]] {{NewMarker}}
* location [[location-formats|location formats]]. (see also [[adr]] and [[geo]])
* [[luna]] ([[geo]]-like co-ordinates, for places on The Moon) - see also [[geo-extension-strawman]] a possible implementation {{NewMarker}}
* [[mars]] ([[geo]]-like co-ordinates, for places on the planet Mars) - see also [[geo-extension-strawman]] a possible implementation {{NewMarker}}
* measures and measurement units [[measure]]
* [[media-info]] ([[media-info-examples|media-info examples]], [[media-info-formats|media-info formats]], [[media-info-brainstorming|media-info brainstorming]])
* meeting minutes [[meeting-minutes-examples|meeting minutes examples]], [[meeting-minutes-formats|meeting minutes formats]], and [[meeting-minutes-brainstorming|meeting minutes brainstorming]]
* metalink [[metalink-examples|metalink examples]] {{NewMarker}}
* microsummary [[microsummary-brainstorming|microsummary brainstorming]] {{NewMarker}}
* [[mfo-examples|MFO examples]]
* music [[music-examples|music examples]]
* photo note [[photo-note-examples|photo note examples]]
*[[question-answer]], [[question-answer-brainstorming]]; [[question-answer-examples]] {{NewMarker}}
* recipe [[recipe-examples|recipe examples]], [[recipe-brainstorming]] {{NewMarker}}
* rel-product [[rel-product-brainstorming|rel-product brainstorming]]
* requirements testing [[requirements-testing|requirements testing overview]], and [[requirements-testing-examples|requirements testing examples]]
* [[rest-examples|REST examples]]
* resume [[resume-brainstorming|resume brainstorming]], and [[resume-formats|resume formats]]
* review [[review-examples|review examples]], and [[review-formats|review formats]] (yielded the [[hreview|hReview]] draft)
* search results [[search-results-example|search results example]]
* show [[show-brainstorming|show brainstorming]]
* showroll [[showroll-brainstorming|brainstorming]]
* [[species]] - for the marking up of the scientific names of living things: [[species-examples]]; [[species-brainstorming]] {{NewMarker}}
* table [[table-examples|examples]]
* tagspeak [[tagspeak-examples|tagspeak examples]]
* tagcloud [[tagcloud-examples|tagcloud examples]], and [[tagcloud-brainstorming|tagcloud brainstorming]]. {{NewMarker}}
* transit table [[transit-table-examples|transit table examples]]
* [[uid]]
* widget [[widget-examples|widget examples]], and [[widget-brainstorming|widget brainstorming]]
* [[wiki-formats|wiki formats]]
* work of art [[work-of-art|work of art overview]], [[workofart-examples|work of art examples]], [[workofart-formats|work of art formats]], and [[workofart-brainstorming|work of art brainstorming]] {{NewMarker}}
*[[xmdp-brainstorming|XMDP brainstorming]] (see also [[xmdp-faq]])

== 例 ==
* [[examples|例]]
* [[zen-garden]]

== ツール、テストケース、リサーチ ==

事例やコードやテストケースを見るために最初に見るべき場所はmicroformatを使ったそれぞれのページです. 二つ以上のmicroformatを使うツールやサービスは少ししかありません. このセクションは複数のmicroformatに関連するエディター、パーサー、妥当性検証ソフト、テストケース、その他情報等のためのものです。

*[[accessibility]]
*[[faqs-for-rdf]]
*[[icalendar-implementations]]
*[[parsing-microformats]]
*[[selected-test-cases-from-the-web]]
*[http://hg.microformats.org/ Source code repository] -- [[mercurial-quick-start|HowTo: Download code from the repository]]
*[[vcard-implementations]], [[vcard-errata]], [[vcard-suggestions]]
*[[why-are-content-standards-hard]]

== 共有ワークスペース ==

* [[buttons]]
* [[spread-microformats]] {{NewMarker}}
* [[demo|デモ]] - microformatを試すデモへのリンク集
* [[events]] {{NewMarker}}
* [[to-do]]
* [[user-interface]]
* [[marked-for-deletion]]
* [[microformats-issues]] {{NewMarker}} - 一つ以上のmicroformatに関するissue

== 他言語でのmicroformats wiki ==

microformatsの記事を色々な言語で読んだり編集したりできます。

* 50以上の記事のある言語
** [[Main_Page|English (本家の英語)]]
** [[Main_Page-fr|Francais (フランス語)]] {{NewMarker-fr}}
* 10以上の記事のある言語
** [[Main_Page-pt-br| Português (ブラジル系ポルトガル語)]] {{NewMarker-pt-br}}
** [[Main_Page-ja|日本語]]
* 2以上の記事のある言語
** [[Main_Page-es|Espanol (スペイン語)]]
** [[Main_Page-de|Deutsch (ドイツ語)]]

==== 他の場所にあるmicroformatsの翻訳版 ====

いくつかのmicroformatsは、このWiki以外の場所にて翻訳が行われています。もしあなたがその翻訳に関わっていたら、ぜひこのmicroformats wikiで作業しないか考えて頂けると幸いです。
* [http://mikroformate.pbwiki.com/ Deutsch (German) mikroformate.pbwiki.com] {{NewMarker-de}}

=== 他の言語に翻訳するのをお手伝いください！ ===

読みたい記事があなたの読みたい言葉で存在していませんか？それならば是非microformats wikiを翻訳するのにご協力ください！microformats wikiの多言語化については現在も取り組んでいます。

翻訳に際し、まずは[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Multilingual_coordination Wikipediaにおける多言語版の位置づけ]、そして[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/How_to_start_a_new_Wikipedia 新しいWikipediaを始めるには] をご覧下さい。
一般的なTIPSやアドバイス、このコミュニティの慣習が書いてあります。

実際に翻訳を始めるときは、まず、比較的静的であまり変化がないものを集めた[[stable-pages-ja|静的ページ]]に挙がっているものを少しずつ翻訳していくことから始めましょう。そして、(ページの変更を監視できる)[[Special:Watchlist|ウォッチリスト]]機能を使って英語版と歩調を合わせるとよいでしょう。

翻訳したページの名前: 翻訳したページのページ名は、英語版のページ名の末尾にハイフンに続いてRFC 3066の言語コード付けてください。例えば日本語版では、[[Main_Page]]は[[Main_Page-ja]]に、そして [[how-to-play]]は[[how-to-play-ja]]になります。

=== 要望のある言語はこちら ===

* Chinese: 微格式 (Microformats) (see [http://msittig.blogspot.com/2005/11/since-i-translated-schedule-of.html source of translation])
* Does somebody want to see a Dutch translation???

User:KoichiWada

2007-02-21T09:40:07Z

KoichiWada:

== Profile ==
Koichi Wada [http://technorati.jp Technorati Japan, Inc.]

hreview-ja

2007-02-21T09:25:15Z

KoichiWada: Format - In General, Format Details version-reviewer

<h1> hReview 0.3 </h1>

[[hreview|hReview]] is a simple, open, distributed format, suitable for embedding reviews (of products, services, businesses, events, etc.) in (X)HTML, Atom, RSS, and arbitrary XML. hReview is one of several [[microformats]] open standards.

Want to get started with writing an [[hreview|hReview]]? Use the [http://microformats.org/code/hreview/creator hReview creator] to write a review and publish it.

== Microformats Draft Specification 2006-02-22 ==

; Editor: [http://tantek.com/ Tantek Çelik], [http://technorati.com Technorati, Inc.]
; Authors: [http://tantek.com/ Tantek Çelik], [http://technorati.com Technorati, Inc.]
: [http://360.yahoo.com/alidiabali Ali Diab],[http://yahoo.com Yahoo! Inc.]
: [http://spaces.msn.com/members/ianmcallister/ Ian McAllister], [http://microsoft.com/ Microsoft Corporation]
: [http://journals.aol.com/panzerjohn/abstractioneer John Panzer], [http://www.aol.com America Online, Inc.]
: [http://ifindkarma.com/blog Adam Rifkin], [http://labs.commerce.net/ CommerceNet Labs]
: [http://sippey.typepad.com/ Michael Sippey], [http://sixapart.com Six Apart, Ltd.]

Microformats [http://microformats.org/wiki/hreview#Copyright copyright] and [http://microformats.org/wiki/hreview#Patents patents] statements apply.

__TOC__

== Introduction ==
Numerous web sites publish reviews using a broad variety of schema for all sorts of things from products (movies, music, books), to businesses (restaurants, hotels, stores), to events (concerts, theatre), to people (artists, leaders, celebrities), to places (landmarks, parks), to online resources (web pages, files), to reviews of reviews themselves.

In order to enable and encourage the sharing, distribution, syndication, and aggregation, of reviews, the authors propose the hReview microformat, an open standard for distributed reviews. The authors have researched both numerous [[review-examples]] in the wild and earlier attempts at [[review-formats]], and have designed hReview around a simple minimal schema for reviews. Feedback is encouraged on the [[hreview-feedback|hReview feedback]] page.

=== Inspiration and Acknowledgments ===
Thanks to everyone who responded to the open call for implementor participation for hReview. The authors in particular wish to thank the following individuals for their constructive input and feedback: [http://www.richardault.com/ Richard Ault], [http://dannyayers.com Danny Ayers], [http://www.vertexdev.com/~jeff/ Jeffrey Barr],[http://adriancuthbert.blogspot.com/ Adrian Cuthbert],[http://jason.defillippo.com/ Jason DeFillippo], [http://www.hybernaut.com/bdv Brian Del Vecchio], Scott Derringer, [http://budgibson.com/home/ Bud Gibson], [http://joi.ito.com/ Joi Ito], [http://www.kanai.net/weblog/ Gen Kanai],[http://niallkennedy.com/ Niall Kennedy], [http://labs.commerce.net/wiki/index.php/Rohit_Khare Rohit Khare], [http://theryanking.com/ Ryan King], [http://www.jluster.org/ Jonas Luster], [http://epeus.blogspot.com/ Kevin Marks], Mark Nottingham, [http://www.powazek.com/ Derek Powazek], [http://www.judysbook.com/ Jeff Rodenburg], [http://sifry.com/alerts/ David Sifry], [http://jystewart.net/ James Stewart], [http://kung-foo.tv/ Adriaan Tijsseling], [http://www.flashenabled.com/ Phillip Torrone], Thai Tran, [http://w6daily.winn.com/ Phillip Winn], [http://yohei-y.blogspot.com YAMAMOTO Yohei].

=== Scope ===
Reviews consistently share several common fields. Where possible hReview has been based on this minimal common subset.

==== Out of scope ====
Fields that are type-specific have been omitted from hReview. It is important that hReview be kept simple and minimal from the start. Additional features can be added as deemed necessary by practical implementation experience.

The concept of a "universal object identifier", that is, how to identify the same object/item/product across different shopping sites, though something very useful to have, is outside the scope of this format.

== Semantic XHTML Design Principles ==
{{semantic-xhtml-design-principles}}

== Format ==
=== 一般 ===
hReviewフォーマットは、現在ウェブ上にたくさんあるレビューサイトとフォーマットに共通して使われているフィールドに基づいています。
使用できるフィールド名は、[[hcard-ja|hCard]]と[[hcalendar-ja|hCalendar]]標準仕様に関連して定義されているものを元にして選ばれています。

=== Schema ===
hReviewのスキーマは以下の通りです:

* hReview ('''<code>hreview</code>''')
** '''<code>version</code>'''. 任意。テキスト。
** '''<code>summary</code>'''. 任意。テキスト
** item '''<code>type</code>'''. 任意。 product | business | event | person | place | website | url.
** '''<code>item</code>''' info. 必須。'''<code>fn</code>''' ('''<code>url</code>''' || '''<code>photo</code>''' ) | '''[[hcard|hCard]]''' (for person or business) | '''[[hcalendar|hCalendar]]''' (for event)
** '''<code>reviewer</code>'''. 任意。'''[[hcard|hCard]]'''.
** '''<code>dtreviewed</code>'''. 任意。 ISO8601 absolute date time.
** '''<code>rating</code>'''. 任意。 fixed point integer [1.0-5.0], with optional alternate '''<code>worst</code>''' (default:1.0) and/or '''<code>best</code>''' (default:5.0), also fixed point integers, and explicit '''<code>value</code>'''.
** '''<code>description</code>'''. 任意。text with optional valid XHTML markup.
** tags. 任意。keywords or phrases, using '''[[rel-tag]]''', each with optional rating.
** permalink. 任意。'''[[rel-bookmark]]'''と'''[[rel-self]]'''を使う。
** license. 任意。'''[[rel-license]]'''を使う。

=== フィールドの詳細 ===
hReviewの各フィールドは以下の内容を表します。

'''version''':: この任意のフィールドには、コンテンツ中で使用しているhReviewのバージョンを指定することができます。このフィールドを省略すると、hReview仕様のv2.0またはそれ以降の任意のバージョンによって解釈をしていいと宣言したことになります。
実際には、この仕様の著者たちは、初期のバージョンの仕様によって生成されたコンテンツに対する後方互換性を維持することにコミットしています。
このフィールドはvCard RFC2426 section "3.6.9 VERSION Type Definition"で定義されている"VERSION"の文法と互換性があり、
結果としてそれを再利用したものになっています。本仕様に対するこのフィールドの値は"0.3"です。

'''summary''':: この任意のフィールドは、レビュー自体のタイトルを表します。
'''item type''':: この"type"という任意のフィールドはレビューされるitemのタイプを示し、それらは、product、business、event、person、place, website、urlのいずれか一つです。省略されている場合は、そのitemのタイプを導出してよい場合があります。もしitemが[[hcard-ja|hCard]]でもある場合は、そのitemのタイプはhCardの内容に基づいて"business"または"person"になります。もしitemが[[hcalendar-ja|hCalendar]]のeventでもある場合は、itemのタイプは"event"です。

'''item info''':: この必須フィールドは少なくとも''その''item(1つのhReviewは、ただ1つのitemについて説明します)の名前("fn" - その名前に対応する整形済み文字列)を持たなければなりません(MUST)。そして、そのitemに対応する少なくとも1つのURI ("url")を持つべきです(SHOULD)。さらに、そのitemの写真または絵("photo")のURLを含めることができます(MAY)。
itemのタイプが"person"または"business"の場合は、そのitem info (fn, url, photo)は[[hcard-ja|hCard]]の中に囲まれている必要があります(MUST)。
itemのタイプが"event"の場合は、そのitem infoは[[hcalendar-ja|hCalendar]] veventの中に囲まれているべきです(SHOULD)。
itemのユニークな識別子(e.g. ISBN、UPC など)は、そのitemのURN ("url")として表現することができます(MAY)。
itemの内側に含まれるmicroformats (現在は[[hcard|hCard]]と[[hcalendar|hCalendar]] event)は、item自体にセットすることができます。(e.g. class="item vcard") しかし、item infoの下位プロパティ("fn"、"url"、"photo")を使用する場合は、それらはitemの要素の<em>内側</em>になければなりません(MUST)。

'''reviewer''':: この任意のフィールドはレビューを書いた人を示します。
もしもreviewerが指定されている場合、そのreviewerを表現するhCardが必要です(MUST)。匿名のレビューにするには、"anonymous"(引用符を除く)をその"reviewer"のフルネームとしてください。
"reviewer"がhReviewの内側にない場合、パーザーはそのページのhReviewの外側を探すべきです。
"reviewer"がhReviewの外側にもない場合、パーザーは、そのドキュメントが使用している言語の中で定義されている著者を使うべきです。
すなわち、(X)HTMLドキュメントの場合、 <code><nowiki><address></nowiki></code>で示されているそのページについての連絡先(これは [[hcard|hCard]]で同様にマークアップされているのが理想的です)、Atom 1.0では、<code><nowiki><entry></nowiki></code> <code><nowiki><author></nowiki></code>、または、それがなければ<code><nowiki><feed></nowiki></code> <code><nowiki><author></nowiki></code>、RSSでは<code><nowiki><item></nowiki></code>要素の内側にある<code><nowiki><author></nowiki></code>となります。

'''dtreviewed''':: This optional field when present MUST provide an ISO8601 absolute date time of when the review was written or otherwise authored. This field SHOULD use UTC, but MAY use the time zone offset syntax. If dtreviewed is absent from the hReview, then look outside the hReview, in the surrounding context. If the context is an [[hatom|hAtom]] entry, use its "published" (or "updated" if that is missing) datetime as the dtreviewed, if not present on the entry, use the "published" (or "updated" if that is missing) of the feed. Otherwise use the creation date (or modified date if that is missing) information according to the containing document language (e.g. "published"/"updated" similarly for Atom feeds), then protocol (e.g. HTTP Last-Modified, or file system last modified datetime) as the dtreviewed.

'''rating''':: The rating is a fixed point integer (one decimal point of precision) from 1.0 to 5.0 inclusive indicating a rating for the item, higher indicating a better rating by default. Optionally a different integral "worst" value and/or "best" value MAY be specified to indicate a different range (e.g. 6 from 0-10). The "best" value may be numerically smaller than the "worst" value.

'''description''':: This optional field contains the full text representing the written opinion of the reviewer. The field MAY include valid XHTML markup (e.g. paragraphs). User agents SHOULD preserve any markup. Multiple descriptions or section descriptions (e.g. pros and cons, plusses and minusses) SHOULD be included in the description field.

'''tags''':: Tags are represented using a list of keywords or phrases (using the [[rel-tag]] microformat for each individual keyword or phrase tag) that the reviewer associates with the item. The reviewer MAY optionally provide a tag-specific rating inside each [[rel-tag]], e.g. ambience:5. Tag-specific ratings by default use the same range as an overall rating for the item if present, and MAY also have a custom worst...best range specified. Authors MAY also invert this structure for the same semantic if it is more convenient for their markup, that is, place the [[rel-tag]] inside a rating to indicate a rated tag. Note: rated tags should ideally use a tag space that explains what the ratings for that tag mean. E.g. Food:18/30 should link to a tags space for Food that explains what an 18 out of 30 means for the Food tag.

'''permalink''':: This optional field is a URL for the hReview. In addition to using the <code><a href></code> tag for this field, the attribute <code>rel="self bookmark"</code> MUST be used to indicate that the hyperlink is a permalink for the review itself. If the hyperlink already contains a <code>rel</code> attribute, then the values <code>self</code> and <code>bookmark</code> MUST be included among the space-separated set of values in the attribute. Indexers MAY treat the permalink of a review as a unique ID in order to identify and collate the same review from multiple sources (such as indexing a page multiple times). The permalink MAY also be used to indicate or imply the origin of the review. Authors MAY use the classname of "permalink" on the element representing the permalink, but are not required to do so.

'''license''':: This optional field links to the license under which the contents of the hReview itself is licensed, using the '''[[rel-license]]''' microformat.

The following field names have been reused from the [[hcard|hCard]] and [[hcalendar|hCalendar]] microformats: <code>version, summary, fn, url, photo, description</code>. In addition, items and reviewers described by hCards MAY contain any hCard field. The rel value "self" has been reused from the [http://atompub.org/2005/07/11/draft-ietf-atompub-format-10.html Atom 1.0 specification].

=== More Semantic Equivalents ===

For some properties there is a more semantic equivalent, and therefore they get special treatment, e.g.:

* For any "url", use <code><a class="url" href="...">...</a></code> inside the element with the class name 'hreview' in hReview.
* And for "photo", use <code><img class="photo" src="..." alt="Photo of ..." /></code>

* Ratings are often presented either as a set of images or characters, e.g. "***". For these, the <code><abbr></code> element is particularly useful, as such characters are an abbreviation for the precise rating, e.g. <code><abbr class="rating" title="3.0">***</abbr></code>. This is further explored in the next section.

==== Language ====
* To explicitly convey the natural language that an hReview is written in, use the standard (X)HTML 'lang' attribute on the element with class="hreview", e.g. <code><div class="hreview" lang="en"> ... </div></code> If portions of an hReview (e.g. the item name) are in a different language, use the 'lang' attribute on those portions.
* hReview processors which need to handle the language of reviews MUST process the standard (X)HTML 'lang' attribute as specified.

=== Human vs. Machine Readable ===
If an <code><abbr></code> element is used for a property, then its '<code>title</code>' attribute is used for the value of the property, instead of the contents of the element, which can then be used to provide a user-friendly alternate presentation of the value.

Similarly, if an <code><img /></code> element is used for one or more properties, it MUST be treated as follows:

# For the "photo" property and any other property that takes a URL as its value, the <code>src="..."</code> attribute provides the property value.
# For other properties, the <code><img /></code> element's '<code>alt</code>' attribute is the value of the property.

=== Object Includes ===

hReview 0.3 includes support for the object [[include-pattern]].

Often a single page lists an item, and then several reviews for that item. In order to avoid having to repeat the item info for each review of the item, the first review should be marked up as an hReview, with a unique "id" attribute on the item info, and then following reviews should use the object [[include-pattern]] to include the item info from the first review.

=== Notes ===
This section is informative.

* By marking up a review with the hReview microformat, the expectation is communicated that the review MAY be indexed. This has no impact on the copyright of the review itself which the publisher may explicitly specify using [[rel-license]] as specified above.
* The enumerated list of item types is under development and may be extended.
* Each type may have custom hReview fields that follow the common set.
* Additional details about a particular item should be specified with the rest of the item's info at the URL provided for the item.
* Most rating systems use the range 1.0 to 5.0, and most of those represent the rating as a number (and possibly half) of stars. Sites may use whatever graphic they wish to represent the rating.

== Examples ==
Here are a few examples of reviews from current web sites, and how they could be easily enhanced to support the hReview structured review microformat.

Want to get started with writing an [[hreview|hReview]]? Use the [http://microformats.org/code/hreview/creator hReview creator] to write a review and publish it on your blog.

=== Restaurant reviews ===

Here is an example of a simple online restaurant review:

<pre><nowiki>
<div>
<span>5 stars out of 5 stars</span>
<h4>Crepes on Cole is awesome</h4>
<span>Reviewer: <span>Tantek</span> - April 18, 2005</span>
<blockquote><p>
Crepes on Cole is one of the best little creperies in San Francisco.
Excellent food and service. Plenty of tables in a variety of sizes
for parties large and small. Window seating makes for excellent
people watching to/from the N-Judah which stops right outside.
I've had many fun social gatherings here, as well as gotten
plenty of work done thanks to neighborhood WiFi.
</p></blockquote>
<p>Visit date: <span>April 2005</span></p>
<p>Food eaten: <span>Florentine crepe</span></p>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

Adding hReview to this review is quite simple:

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="hreview">
<span><span class="rating">5</span> out of 5 stars</span>
<h4 class="summary">Crepes on Cole is awesome</h4>
<span class="reviewer vcard">Reviewer: <span class="fn">Tantek</span> -
<abbr class="dtreviewed" title="20050418T2300-0700">April 18, 2005</abbr></span>
<div class="description item vcard"><p>
<span class="fn org">Crepes on Cole</span> is one of the best little
creperies in <span class="adr"><span class="locality">San Francisco</span></span>.
Excellent food and service. Plenty of tables in a variety of sizes
for parties large and small. Window seating makes for excellent
people watching to/from the N-Judah which stops right outside.
I've had many fun social gatherings here, as well as gotten
plenty of work done thanks to neighborhood WiFi.
</p></div>
<p>Visit date: <span>April 2005</span></p>
<p>Food eaten: <span>Florentine crepe</span></p>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

Note that some of the properties of this sample review are not captured by hReview (visit date, food eaten). This is deliberate per the scope of keeping hReview minimal and simple.

This sample hReview could be rendered like this:

5 stars out of 5 stars<br />
'''Crepes on Cole is awesome'''<br />
Reviewer: Tantek - April 18, 2005<br />

Crepes on Cole is one of the best little creperies in San Francisco. Excellent food and service. Plenty of tables in a variety of sizes for parties large and small. Window seating makes for excellent people watching to/from the N-Judah which stops right outside. I've had many fun social gatherings here, as well as gotten plenty of work done thanks to neighborhood wifi.

Visit date: April 2005<br />
Food eaten: Florentine crepe<br />

==== Multidimensional Restaurant Review ====
Some restaurant reviews indicate ratings for different aspects of the restaurant. Such details are represented in hReview using tagged ratings. In addition, note the inline tags inside the description of this review.

Here is one such review in text format:

Cafe Borrone

1010 El Camino Real, Menlo Park, CA 94025, +1-650-327-0830;
cafeborrone.com

Food: 18/30; Ambience: 19/30; Service: 15/30; Price: $$...

This cafe is a welcoming oasis on the Peninsula. It even has a fountain
outside which cloaks the nearby sounds of El Camino traffic. Next door to a
superb indy bookstore, Cafe Borrone is an ideal spot to grab a coffee or a
snack to accompany a newly purchased book or imported periodical. Soups and
sandwich specials rotate daily. The corn chowder with croutons and big
chunks of cheese goes especially well with a freshly toasted mini-baguette.
Evenings are often crowded and may require sharing a table with a perfect
stranger. Espresso afficionados will appreciate the Illy coffee. Noise
levels can vary from peaceful in the late mornings to nearly overwhelming on
jazz band nights.

As an hReview:

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="hreview">
<div class="item vcard">
<div class="fn org summary">Cafe Borrone</div>
<span class="adr">
<span class="street-address">1010 El Camino Real</span>,
<span class="locality">Menlo Park</span>,
<span class="region">CA</span>
<span class="postal-code">94025</span>,
</span>
<span class="tel">+1-650-327-0830</span>;
<a class="url" href="http://cafeborrone.com">cafeborrone.com</a>
</div>
<ul>
<li class="rating"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food" rel="tag">
Food: <span class="value">18</span>/<span class="best">30</span></a>;</li>
<li class="rating"><a href="http://flickr.com/photos/tags/Ambience" rel="tag">
Ambience: <span class="value">19</span>/<span class="best">30</span></a>;</li>
<li class="rating"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service" rel="tag">
Service: <span class="value">15</span>/<span class="best">30</span></a>;</li>
<li class="rating"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price" rel="tag">
Price: <abbr class="value" title="2">$$</abbr>...</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="description"><p>
This <abbr class="type" title="business">
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cafe" rel="tag">cafe</a></abbr>
is a welcoming oasis on the Peninsula.
It even has a fountain outside which nearly eliminates
the sounds of El Camino traffic. Next door to a superb indy bookstore,
Cafe Borrone is an ideal spot to grab a
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/coffee" rel="tag">coffee</a>
or a meal to accompany a newly purchased book or imported periodical.
<a href="http://technorati.com/tag/soup" rel="tag">Soups</a> and
<a href="http://technorati.com/tag/sandwich" rel="tag">sandwich</a>
specials rotate daily. The corn chowder with croutons and big chunks of cheese
goes especially well with a freshly toasted mini-baguette. Evenings are
often crowded and may require sharing a table with a perfect stranger.
<a href="http://flickr.com/photos/tags/espresso" rel="tag">Espresso</a>
afficionados will appreciate the
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illy" rel="tag">Illy</a> coffee.
Noise levels can vary from peaceful in the late mornings to nearly overwhelming on
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/jazz" rel="tag">jazz</a> band nights.
</p></div>
Review (<a href="http://microformats.org/wiki/hreview">
hReview v<span class="version">0.3</span></a>)
by <span class="reviewer vcard"><span class="fn">anonymous</span></span>,
<abbr class="dtreviewed" title="20050428T2130-0700">April 28th, 2005</abbr>.
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

With an accompanying CSS style sheet like:

<pre><nowiki>
a.url { display:block }
ul { margin:1em 0; padding:0 }
ul li { display:inline }
</nowiki></pre>

This hReview could be presented similar to the original text:

Cafe Borrone<br />
1010 El Camino Real, Menlo Park, CA 94025, +1-650-327-0830;<br />
[http://cafeborrone.com/ cafeborrone.com]<br />
<br />
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food Food: 18/30];
[http://flickr.com/photos/tags/Ambience Ambience: 19/30];
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service Service: 15/30];
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price Price: $$...]<br />

This [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/cafe cafe] is a welcoming oasis on the Peninsula. It even has a fountain outside which cloaks the nearby sounds of El Camino traffic. Next door to a superb indy bookstore, Cafe Borrone is an ideal spot to grab a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/coffee coffee] or a snack to accompany a newly purchased book or imported periodical. [http://technorati.com/tag/soup Soups] and [http://technorati.com/tag/sandwich sandwich] specials rotate daily. The corn chowder with croutons and big chunks of cheese goes especially well with a freshly toasted mini-baguette. Evenings are often crowded and may require sharing a table with a perfect stranger. [http://flickr.com/photos/tags/espresso Espresso] afficionados will appreciate the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illy Illy] coffee. Noise levels can vary from peaceful in the late mornings to nearly overwhelming on [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/jazz jazz] band nights.

Review ([http://microformats.org/wiki/hreview hReview v0.3]) by anonymous, April 28th, 2005.

=== Product review ===
Here is an example of a product review:

<pre><nowiki>
<div>
<a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000089CJI/">
<img src="http://images.amazon.com/images/P/B000089CJI.01._SCTHUMBZZZ_.jpg"
alt="Album cover photo: The Postal Service: Give Up." />
The Postal Service: Give Up</a>
<blockquote><p>
"The people thought they were just being rewarded for treating others
as they like to be treated, for obeying stop signs and curing diseases,
for mailing letters with the address of the sender... Don't wake me,
I plan on sleeping in..."
</p><p>
"Nothing Better" is a great track on this album, too...
</p></blockquote>
(*****)
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

Adding hReview to this review is also quite simple, but in this case requires a few more elements for the rating and reviewer which are required by hReview:

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="hreview"><span class="item">
<a class="url fn" href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/B000089CJI/">
<img src="http://images.amazon.com/images/P/B000089CJI.01._SCTHUMBZZZ_.jpg"
alt="Album cover photo: The Postal Service: Give Up. "
class="photo" />
The Postal Service: Give Up</a></span>
<div class="description"><p>
"The people thought they were just being rewarded for treating others
as they like to be treated, for obeying stop signs and curing diseases,
for mailing letters with the address of the sender... Don't wake me,
I plan on sleeping in..."
</p><p>
"Nothing Better" is a great track on this album, too...
</p></div>
(<abbr class="rating" title="5">*****</abbr>)
<p class="reviewer vcard">Review by
<a class="url fn" href="http://ifindkarma.com/blog/">Adam Rifkin</a>,
<abbr class="dtreviewed" title="200502">February 2005</abbr>
</p>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

And this hReview might be presented like this:

[Album cover photo: ]
[The Postal Service:]
[ Give Up ]

The Postal Service: Give Up

"The people thought they were just being rewarded for treating others as they like to be treated, for obeying stop signs and curing diseases, for mailing letters with the address of the sender... Don't wake me, I plan on sleeping in..."

"Nothing Better" is a great track on this album, too...

(*****)

Review by Adam Rifkin, February 2005.

=== Movie Review ===
Finally, here is an example of a movie review.

<pre><nowiki>
<div>
<span>anonymous, April 18th, 2005</span>
<div>
<a lang="zh" href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0299977/">
Ying Xiong (<span lang="en">HERO</span>)
</a>
</div>
<div>Rating: 4 out of 5</div>
<blockquote><p>
This movie has great visuals and music.
</p></blockquote>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

With hReview:

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="hreview">
<span class="reviewer vcard">
<span class="fn">anonymous</span>,
<abbr class="dtreviewed" title="20050418">April 18th, 2005</abbr>
</span>
<div class="item">
<a lang="zh" class="url fn" href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0299977/">
Ying Xiong (<span lang="en">HERO</span>)
</a>
</div>
<div>Rating: <span class="rating">4</span> out of 5</div>
<div class="description"><p>
This movie has great music and visuals.
</p></div>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

Which could be presented like this:

anonymous, April 18th, 2005<br />
Ying Xiong (HERO)<br />
Rating: 4 out of 5<br />

This movie has great music and visuals.

== Examples in the wild ==
This section is '''informative'''. The number of hReview examples in the wild has expanded far beyond the capacity of being kept inline in this specification. They have been moved to a [[hreview-examples-in-wild|separate page]].

See [[hreview-examples-in-wild|hReview Examples in the wild]].

== Implementations ==
This section is '''informative'''. The number of hReview implementations has also expanded beyond the capacity of keeping them inline. They have been moved to a [[hreview-implementations|separate page]].

See [[hreview-implementations|hReview Implementations]].

== References ==
=== Normative References ===
* [http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xhtml1-20020801/ XHTML 1.0 SE]
* [http://gmpg.org/xmdp/ XMDP]
* [[hcard|hCard]]
* [[hcalendar|hCalendar]]
* [[rel-tag]]
* [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt RFC2119]
* [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt RFC3986]
* [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4287.txt RFC4287] (Atom 1.0)

=== Informative References ===
* [http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-CSS1 CSS1]
* ISO.8601.1988
** International Organization for Standardization, "Data elements and interchange formats - Information interchange - Representation of dates and times", ISO Standard 8601, June 1988.
* [http://www.w3.org/TR/1998/NOTE-datetime-19980827 W3C NOTE-datetime-19980827]
* [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3667.txt RFC3667]
* [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3668.txt RFC3668]
* [http://www.w3.org/Consortium/Patent-Policy-20040205/ W3C Patent Policy]
* [http://local.yahoo.com/details?id=21359628 Crepes on Cole reviews on Yahoo! Local]
* Other reviews efforts. See [[reviews-formats]].
* Contributed from http://developers.technorati.com/wiki/hReview.

==== Similar Work ====
* [[hlisting-proposal|hListing]]
* [[xoxo|XOXO]]

=== Copyright ===
{{MicroformatCopyrightStatement2005}}

=== Patents ===
{{MicroFormatPatentStatement}}

== Work in progress ==
This specification is a work in progress. As additional aspects are discussed, understood, and written, they will be added.

=== Changes from v0.2 ===
The following changes have been made in hReview v0.3 over [[hreview-v0.2|hReview v0.2]]:

Normative changes:
# MUST (instead of SHOULD) use [[hcard|hCard]] for the item description of a business or person
# "reviewer" changes
## Made reviewer *optional* per feedback from Ryan King and Mark Nottingham
## If reviewer is absent from the hReview, then look outside the hReview, in the context of the page, for the reviewer. If there is no "reviewer" outside either, then use the author information according to the containing document language (e.g. <code><nowiki><address></nowiki></code> for (X)HTML pages) as the reviewer.
## MUST (instead of SHOULD) use [[hcard|hCard]] to represent reviewer information
# "dtreviewed" changes
## Made dtreviewed *optional* per feedback from Ryan King and Mark Nottingham
## If dtreviewed is absent from the hReview, then look outside the hReview, in the surrounding context. If the context is an [[hatom|hAtom]] entry, use its "published" (or "updated" if that is missing) datetime as the dtreviewed, if not present on the entry, use the "published" (or "updated" if that is missing) of the feed. Otherwise use the information according to the containing document language (e.g. "published"/"updated" similarly for Atom feeds), then protocol (e.g. HTTP Last-Modified, or file system last modified datetime).
# SHOULD use [[hcalendar|hCalendar]] to represent an item of 'type' 'event'
# Added one decimal digit of precision to ratings' numerical values based on publisher experience.
# Use [http://microformats.org/wiki/hcard#Value_excerpting the "value" construct from hCard] (as it is used in "tel" properties for example) to more explicitly markup the rating value when also providing (marking up) the best/worst of a rating.
# Added [[rel-license]] to indicate the license of the hReview as a whole.
# Permit tags inside ratings to denote rated tags, the same as ratings inside tags per suggestion from Eran Globen.
# Add [[include-pattern]] support to allow multiple reviews for the same item to not repeat the item info.

Informative changes (several, but in particular):
# Note that scalar/rated tags would ideally use a tag space that explain the ratings for that tag. E.g. to explain what Food:18/30 means.
# Updated examples accordingly.

== Further Reading ==
* See also [http://www.technorati.com/cosmos/referer.html blogs discussing this page].

== Related Pages ==
{{hreview-related-pages}}

hcard-ja

2007-02-20T09:31:38Z

KoichiWada: 4. Format以下一部翻訳

<h1>hCard</h1>

hCardは個人、会社、組織、および場所を表現する、シンプルでオープンに配布されているフォーマットです。
[[semantic-xhtml|semantic XHTML]]の中のvCard標準([http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2426.txt RFC2426])の属性(propreties)および属性値(values)と一対一に対応した表現となっています。

[[hcard|hCard]]を使い始めたいですか？連絡先を書いて公開するのには[http://microformats.org/code/hcard/creator hCard creator]を使いましょう。または、[[hcard-authoring|hCard authoring tips]]に従って現在のあなたの連絡先のページにhCardマークアップを追加しましょう。

__TOC__

== Specification ==

=== Editor ===
[http://tantek.com/ Tantek Çelik], [http://technorati.com Technorati, Inc.]

=== Authors ===
* [http://tantek.com/ Tantek Çelik], [http://technorati.com Technorati, Inc]
* [http://suda.co.uk/ Brian Suda]

=== Copyright ===
{{MicroFormatCopyrightStatement2004}}

=== Patents ===
{{MicroFormatPatentStatement}}

=== Inspiration and Acknowledgments ===
Thanks to: my good friend [http://vadim.com/ Vadim] who introduced me to vCard ''many'' years ago, and if I'd only paid more attention then, perhaps I could have helped a lot of people avoid wasting a lot of time reinventing various standards wheels.

== Introduction ==
The vCard standard ([http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2426.txt RFC2426]), has been broadly interoperably implemented (e.g. Apple's "Address Book" application built into MacOSX).

In addition, many bloggers identify themselves by name and discuss their friends and family. With just a tad bit of structure, bloggers can discuss people in their blog(s) in such a way that spiders and other aggregators can retrieve this information, automatically convert them to vCards, and use them in any vCard application or service.

This specification introduces the '''hCard''' format, which uses a 1:1 representation of the properties and values of the aforementioned vCard standard, in semantic XHTML. Bloggers can both embed hCards directly in their web pages, and style them with CSS to make them appear as desired. In addition, hCard enables applications to retrieve information directly from web pages without having to reference a separate file.

Use the [http://microformats.org/code/hcard/creator hCard creator] and copy the HTML code it generates to your blog or website to publish your contact info.

== Semantic XHTML Design Principles ==
{{semantic-xhtml-design-principles}}

== フォーマット ==
=== 一般 ===
vCard標準([http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2426.txt RFC2426])が、hCardの基礎となっています。

hCardの基本フォーマットは、vCardのオブジェクト/プロパティ名を小文字にしたものをクラス名として使用します。vCardオブジェクト上での入れ子関係は、そのままXHTML要素の入れ子関係に置き換えられます。

=== More Semantic Equivalents ===
プロパティの中には、HTML要素で表現するほうがより良くその意味を伝えるものがあります。以下のプロパティはそれに続く(X)HTMLで表現すべき(SHOULD)です。
* vCardの<code>URL</code>は、hCardでは<code>class="vcard"</code>を含む要素の内部にある<code><a class="url" href="...">...</a></code>になります。
* 同様にvCardの<code>EMAIL</code>は、<code><nowiki><a class="email" href="mailto:...">...</a></nowiki></code>になります。
* vCardの<code>PHOTO</code>は、<code><img class="photo" src="..." alt="...の写真" /></code>または<code><object class="photo" data="..." type="...">...の写真</object></code>になります。
* vCardの<code>UID</code>は、単純に、hCardを特定するURL(またはEMAIL)へのもう一つの意味付けになります。

=== Singular vs. Plural Properties ===
For properties which are singular (e.g. "N" and "FN"), the first descendant element with that class should take effect, any others being ignored.

For properties which can be plural (e.g. "TEL"), each class instance should create a instance of that property.

==== Singular properties ====

Singular properties: "FN", "N", "BDAY", "TZ", "GEO", "SORT-STRING", "UID", "CLASS".

All other properties are plural. This list has been derived by analyzing the semantics of the individual properties in vCard RFC2426 and determining logically that they MUST be singular per their semantics. See [[hcard-singular-properties]] for explanations.

==== Plural Properties Singularized ====

Since plural property names become their singular equivalents, even if the original plural property permitted only a single value with multiple components, those multiple components are represented each with their own singularly named property and the the property is effectively multivalued and subject to the above treatment of multivalued properties.

=== Human vs. Machine readable ===

If an <code><abbr></code> element is used for a property, then the '<code>title</code>' attribute of the <code><abbr></code> element is the value of the property, instead of the contents of the element, which instead provide a human presentable version of the value.

If an <code><a></code> element is used for one or more properties, it must be treated as follows:
# For the "PHOTO" property and any other property that takes a URL as its value, the <code>href="..."</code> attribute provides the property value.
# For other properties, the element's content is the value of the property.

If an <code><img></code> element is used for one or more properties, it must be treated as follows:
# For the "PHOTO" property and any other property that takes a URL as its value, the <code>src="..."</code> attribute provides the property value.
# For other properties, the <code><img></code> element's '<code>alt</code>' attribute is the value of the property.

If an <code><object></code> element is used for one or more properties, it must be treated as follows:
# For the "PHOTO" property and any other property that takes a URL as its value, the <code>data="..."</code> attribute provides the property value.
# For other properties, the element's content is the value of the property.

=== 値の抽出 ===

あるプロパティに一致する要素があっても、その要素の一部のみをそのプロパティの値として使用すべき場合があります。
これは典型的には、TELに対するTYPE=HOMEや、TYPE=WORKのようにプロパティが下位の型を持つ場合におこります。
このため、要素中のプロパティの値となる部分を指定するための特別のクラス名"<code>value</code>"が導入されています。
例:ここにhCardの自宅の電話番号をマークアップするためのhCardの一部があります。<br />

vCard:
<pre><nowiki>
TEL;TYPE=HOME:+1.415.555.1212
</nowiki></pre>

hCard:
<pre><nowiki>
<span class="tel">
<span class="type">home</span>:
<span class="value">+1.415.555.1212</span>
</span>
</nowiki></pre>

このhCardの断片は次のように表示することができます:

<div style="border: thin dashed black; width: 95%; padding: .5em 1em;">
<span class="tel">
<span class="type">home</span>:
<span class="value">+1.415.555.1212</span>
</span>
</div>

=== 例外となるプロパティ ===

vCardには意味のないプロパティ、または、すでにウェブページのなかではすでにその意味が含まれているものがあります。このセクションでは、それらのプロパティについて、どうしたら良いか(または何をすべきでないか)を説明します。

# '''NAME''', '''PROFILE''', '''SOURCE''', '''PRODID''', '''VERSION''' properties as defined in Sections 2.1.2, 2.1.3, 2.1.4, 3.6.3, 3.6.9 of RFC 2426. Content publishers MUST NOT use these properties in their hCards, and as such, hCard consumers/parsers MUST IGNORE these properties if they are found within an hCard. Instead. hCard to vCard converters SHOULD use the title of the page where the hCard is found (e.g. the <code><title></code> element in (X)HTML documents) to construct the NAME property, MAY output a PROFILE value of "<code>VCARD</code>" per RFC 2426, SHOULD use the URL of the page where the hCard is found to construct the SOURCE property (e.g. perhaps as a parameter to a URL/service that converts hCards to vCards), for an output vCard stream (e.g. a .vcf file). Only services/applications that output actual vCards should write the PRODID property, with the product identifier for said service/application. Similarly only such services/applications should write the VERSION property, with the value "3.0" (without quotes) per RFC2426 Section 3.6.9.

=== 組織の連絡先情報 ===

"FN"と"ORG"プロパティが完全に同じ値を持つ場合、(典型的にはclass="fn org"のように、一つの要素に両方が指定されている場合)、そのhCardは、会社または組織の連絡先情報を表し、そのように取り扱われるべきです。この場合、hCardの作成者は、"N"プロパティを設定しないか、"N"プロパティとその全ての下位プロパティの値を空文字列に設定するかのどちらかでなくてはいけません(MUST)。パーザーは存在しない"N"プロパティを、"N"とその全ての下位プロパティの値を空文字列に設定したものとして解釈します。

=== Implied "n" Optimization ===

vCardでは"N"プロパティを必須となっていますが、vCard仕様(RFC 2426)の終わり近くにある著者達のvCardには"N"プロパティが含まれていません。(p.38) この明らかな矛盾は、仕様書上にある例のような場合に関して、単に"FN"プロパティの値から"N"プロパティの値を導くことができるようにすれば解決します。hCardでは明示的にそれを行います。

もし"FN"と"ORG"がおなじでなく(全セクション参照)、"FN"プロパティの値が正確に2語(空白で区切られた)からなり、さらに明示的な"N"プロパティがない場合、"N"プロパティは"FN"から導出されます。"FN"が1語のみ、または3語以上の場合は、hCardの作成者は"N"を明示的にマークアップしなければなりません(MUST)。これについては、組織の連絡先情報の場合は例外となります。 [http://microformats.org/wiki/hcard-ja#Organization_Contact_Info 上記を参照]

# "FN"内容は空白により2語に分割されます。
# "FN"の最初の語は"N"プロパティの"given-name"として解釈されます。
# "FN"の''2番目/最後''の語は"N"プロパティの"family-name"として解釈されます。
# 例外: もしも最初の語がカンマ","で終わっているか、 2番目の語が1文字(または後ろに余分のピリオド"."が付加されたもの)である場合、最初の語(最後にカンマがあればそれを取り除いたもの)は"family-name"として、2番目の語は"given-name"として解釈されます。

これにより、人物の記述について、以下のような典型的なケースを単純化できます。
* given-name (space) family-name
* family-name (comma) given-name
* family-name (comma) given-name-first-initial
* family-name (space) given-name-first-initial (optional period)

=== Implied "nickname" Optimization ===

Due to the prevalence of the use of nicknames/handles/usernames on the Web in actual content published on the Web (e.g. authors of [[hReview|reviews]]), hCard also has an implied "nickname" optimization to handle this.

Similar to the implied "n" optimization, if "FN" and "ORG" are not the same, and the value of the "FN" property is exactly one word, and there is no explicit "N" property, then:

# The content of the "FN" is treated as a "nickname" property value.
# Parsers should handle the missing "N" property by implying empty values for all the "N" sub-properties.

Note: the hCard may have additional explicit "nickname" property values in addition to the implied nickname.

=== Implied "organization-name" Optimization ===

The "ORG" property has two subproperties, organization-name and organization-unit. Very often authors only publish the organization-name. Thus if an "ORG" property has no "organization-name" inside it, then its entire contents MUST be treated as the "organization-name".

=== Tags as Categories ===

Categories in hCard can optionally be represented by tags with [[rel-tag]]. When a category property is a rel-tag, the tag (as defined by rel-tag) is used for that category.

=== ルートクラス名 ===
hCardのルートとなるクラス名は"vcard"です。

=== プロパティリスト ===
以下はhCardのプロパティのリストです。(下位のプロパティは、括弧の中に示します。)これらはvCardから取ったものです。

* fn, n (family-name, given-name, additional-name, honorific-prefix, honorific-suffix), nickname, sort-string
* url, email (type, value), tel (type, value)
* adr (post-office-box, extended-address, street-address, locality, region, postal-code, country-name, type, value), label
* geo (latitude, longitude), tz
* photo, logo, sound, bday
* title, role, org (organization-name, organization-unit)
* category, note
* class, key, mailer, uid, rev

=== Property Notes ===
* tel - Authors MAY want to follow the E.123 standard for writing values of telephone numbers.

==== type subproperty values ====

The 'type' subproperty in particular takes different values depending on which property it is a subproperty of. These 'type' subproperty values are case-INSENSITIVE, meaning "Home" is the same as "home", as well as multivalued, e.g. a tel can be home and preferred:

vCard:
<pre><nowiki>
TEL;TYPE=HOME,PREF:+1.415.555.1212
</nowiki></pre>

hCard:
<pre><nowiki>
<span class="tel"><span class="type">Home</span> (<span class="type">pref</span>erred):
<span class="value">+1.415.555.1212</span>
</span>
</nowiki></pre>

This could be displayed as:

<div style="border: thin dashed black; width: 95%; padding: .5em 1em; ">
<span class="tel"><span class="type">Home</span> (<span class="type">pref</span>erred):
<span class="value">+1.415.555.1212</span>
</span>
</div>

The following lists are ''informative''. See RFC 2426 sections 3.2.1 ADR, 3.3.1 TEL, and 3.3.2 EMAIL respectively for normative type values. They are repeated here for convenience. Default type subproperty value(s) is(are) first in each list and indicated in ALL CAPS. types may be multivalued.

* adr type: INTL, POSTAL, PARCEL, WORK, dom, home, pref
* tel type: VOICE, home, msg, work, pref, fax, cell, video, pager, bbs, modem, [http://flickr.com/photos/tags/carcellphone/ car], isdn, pcs
* email type: INTERNET, x400, pref, "other IANA registered address types"

=== XMDP Profile ===

See [[hcard-profile]] for the [http://gmpg.org/xmdp XMDP] profile of hCard which contains the above complete list of properties, with references to their RFC 2426 definitions.

=== Parsing Details ===

See [[hcard-parsing|hCard parsing]].

== Examples ==

This section is informative.

=== Sample vCard ===

Here is a sample vCard:

<pre><nowiki>
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:3.0
N:Çelik;Tantek
FN:Tantek Çelik
URL:http://tantek.com/
ORG:Technorati
END:VCARD
</nowiki></pre>

and an equivalent in hCard with various elements optimized appropriately. See [[hcard-example1-steps| hCard Example 1]] for the derivation.

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="vcard">
<a class="url fn" href="http://tantek.com/">Tantek Çelik</a>
<div class="org">Technorati</div>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

This hCard might be displayed as:
<div style="border: thin dashed black; width: 95%; padding: .5em 1em;">
[http://tantek.com/ Tantek Çelik]<br />
Technorati
</div>

Note: The version information is unnecessary in hCard markup directly since the version will be defined by the profile of hCard that is used/referred to in the 'profile' attribute of the <head> element.

=== More Examples ===
See [[hcard-examples|hCard examples]] for more examples, including all examples from vCard RFC 2426 converted into hCard.

== Examples in the wild ==
This section is '''informative'''. The number of hCard examples in the wild has expanded far beyond the capacity of being kept inline in this specification. They have been moved to a [[hcard-examples-in-wild|separate page]].

See [[hcard-examples-in-wild|hCard Examples in the wild]].

== Implementations ==
This section is '''informative'''. The number of hCard implementations has also expanded beyond the capacity of keeping them inline. They have been moved to a [[hcard-implementations|separate page]].

See [[hcard-implementations|hCard Implementations]].

== References ==
=== Normative References ===
* [http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xhtml1-20020801/ XHTML 1.0 SE]
* [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2426.txt vCard RFC2426]
* [http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-E.123-200102-I/en ITU recommendation E.123] format of telephone numbers (chargeable document)

=== Informative References ===
* Contributed from http://developers.technorati.com/wiki/hCard.
* [http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/rfc2426 HTML reformatted version of RFC2426]
* [http://w3.org/TR/REC-CSS1 CSS1]
* [http://tantek.com/log/2004/09.html#hcard hCard term introduced and defined on the Web, 20040930]
* [http://wiki.oreillynet.com/foocamp04/index.cgi?SimpleSemanticFormats FOO Camp 2004 Simple Semantic Formats presentation, 20040910]
* [http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11 XHTML 1.1]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E.123 Wikipedia summary of ITU-T Recommendation E.123] - for "TEL" values.
* [http://www.imc.org/pdi/ Internet Mail Consortium Personal Data Interchange vCard and vCalendar]

==== Specifications That Use hCard ====
* [[adr]]
* [[geo]]
* [[hcalendar|hCalendar]]
* [[hreview|hReview]]

==== Similar Work ====
* [http://www.intertwingly.net/wiki/pie/PaceBetterPersonElement Atom PaceBetterPersonElement]
* [http://www.jabber.org/jeps/jep-0054.html JEP-0054: vcard-temp]

== Further Reading ==
* [http://www.digital-web.com/articles/microformats_primer/ Digital Web Magazine: Microformats Primer] by Garrett Dimon has a good intro to hCard
* [http://24ways.org/advent/practical-microformats-with-hcard Practical Microformats with hCard] by Drew McLellan
* [http://www.naturalsearchblog.com/archives/2006/09/28/tips-for-local-search-engine-optimization-for-your-site/ Local Search Engine Optimization using Microformats] by Chris Silver Smith
* [http://thedredge.org/ Andrew D. Hume] has written a blog post on [http://usabletype.com/articles/2005/usable-microformats/ usable microformats] which discusses hCard
* [http://www.thefutureoftheweb.com/blog/2006/1/hcard Jesse Skinner's introduction to hCard]
* [http://blog.usweb.com/ Shaun Shull's] great post on [http://blog.usweb.com/archives/how-microformats-affect-search-engine-optimization-seo How Microformats Affect SEO], including his [[hcard|hCard]] as an example.
* [http://24ways.org/2006/styling-hcards-with-css 24 Ways: Styling hCards with CSS] A 24 Ways article - John Allsopp on styling hCard using CSS
* See also [http://www.technorati.com/cosmos/referer.html blogs discussing this page] and the [http://technorati.com/tags/hcard hCard tag]
* [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4770.txt RFC 4770 - Extensions for Instant Messaging]

== Related Pages ==
{{hcard-related-pages}}
<nowiki>Insert non-formatted text here</nowiki>

Main Page-ja

2007-02-20T04:01:25Z

KoichiWada: hCardリンク->hcard-ja

__NOTOC__
<h1>Microformats Wiki</h1>

'''こんにちは！''' microformats wikiにようこそ。もしこのページを見るのが初めてでしたら、[[introduction-ja|microformatsの手引き]]をご覧ください。

何か編集する前には必ず[[how-to-play-ja]]を読んでください。

新しいmicroformatsを提案する際は、必ず[[process]]を読んでからにしてください。

__TOC__

== はじめに ==

[[what-are-microformats|microformatsとは何でしょう]]？また[[what-can-you-do-with-microformats|microformatsで何ができますか]]？

まずは[http://microformats.org/about/ about page]、そして[http://microformats.org/ latest news]をご覧ください。また最新の[[press-ja|プレス]]や[[presentations-ja|プレゼンテーション]]、さらには[[podcasts|ポッドキャスト]]や[[screencasts|スクリーンキャスト]]もmicroformatsの基礎を理解する手助けになると思います。よくある質問とその答えは[[faq|FAQ]]で、また[[glossary|用語集]]もあります。

識者からもっと教わりたいことがあれば、[[events|microformatsのイベント]]もありますよ。

== 定義 ==

[http://microformats.org/discuss/ メーリングリスト]([[mailing-lists]])での一般的な定義は、「分散的開発を実現するために用いられる、セマンティクスをHTMLに埋め込む為のシンプルな仕様」です。もう少し細かく説明すると、microformatsは下記のように定義できます。
:分散的開発を実現するために用いられる
::Webにあるリソースそのものや、それを利用するツールやサービスを分散的に処理できるようにします。
:セマンティクスをHTMLに埋め込むための
::それぞれの分野に特化することで、各仕様が小さいものとなります。
:シンプルな仕様
:人間が解読できる(X)HTML/XMLドキュメントやAtom/RSSフィード、そしてプレーンなXMLでの提供
::現存するコンテンツの利用パターンを標準化することからはじめています。
::概略的で説明的なclass名を使い、ソースをみてもわかりやすくなっています。
::現存の相互運用できる規格に基づくことにより、汎用性が高まります。

シンプルに言うと、「microformatsは成文化したコンベンションのことです。」 -- [http://easy-reader.net Aaron Gustafson]

「ブラウザーでWeb巡回しかしないんだ。それはまた20世紀的だね。」 -- [http://diveintomark.org Mark Pilgrim]

== 協力の方法 ==

microformatsをより発展させるためには次のことができます。

*Check out our open [[to-do|to do list]] for things to help get done.
*Join the [http://microformats.org/discuss mailing lists] and [[irc|IRC Channel]] to learn and help answer questions about microformats.
*[[advocacy|Advocate]] the use of microformats.
*[[Main_Page-ja#.E4.BB.96.E8.A8.80.E8.AA.9E.E3.81.A7.E3.81.AEmicroformats_wiki|他言語でのmicroformats wiki]]を見てください。そして、世界中の人が利用しやすくするためにmicroformats wikiの翻訳を手伝ってください。

== 仕様 ==

[[microformats-ja|microformats]] オープンスタンダードの仕様 ([[implementations|実装]]もご覧ください)

* [[hcalendar-ja|hCalendar]] - [http://microformats.org/code/hcalendar/creator hcalendar creator]
* [[hcard-ja|hCard]] - [http://microformats.org/code/hcard/creator hcard creator]
* [[rel-license-ja|rel-license]](翻訳完了)
* [[rel-nofollow-ja|rel-nofollow]](翻訳完了)
* [[rel-tag-ja|rel-tag]](翻訳完了)
* [[vote-links-ja|VoteLinks]](翻訳中！)
* [http://gmpg.org/xfn/ XFN] ([[xfn-implementations|XFNの実装]]もご覧下さい)
* [http://gmpg.org/xmdp/ XMDP]
* [[xoxo-ja|XOXO]](翻訳中！)

== ドラフト ==

* [[adr|adr]]
* [[geo|geo]]
* [[hatom|hAtom]] {{NewMarker}}
* [[hresume|hResume]] {{NewMarker}}
* [[hreview|hReview]] - [http://microformats.org/code/hreview/creator hreview creator]
* [[rel-directory]]
* [[rel-enclosure]]
* [[rel-home]]
* [[relpayment-research | rel-payment]]
* [[robots-exclusion|Robots Exclusion]]
* [[xfolk|xFolk]]

== デザインパターン ==

{{design_patterns-ja}} 

== Exploratory Discussions ==

実世界での[[examples|例]]の調査や分析、既に存在するフォーマット、またmicroformatsにできそうなもののブレインストーミングをまとめています。もし何かページを追加した場合、まず[[rejected-formats]]を見てから行ってください。
*alternates [[alternates-brainstorming|alternates brainstorming]], [[alternates-examples|alternates examples]]
*[[attention]]
* blog description [[blog-description-examples|blog description examples]]
* blog info [[blog-info-examples|blog info examples]]
* blog post [[blog-post-examples|examples]], [[blog-post-formats|blog post formats]], and [[blog-post-brainstorming|blog post brainstorming]] (yielded the [[hatom|hAtom]] draft)
* book [[book-examples|book examples]], [[book-formats|book formats]], and [[book-brainstorming|book brainstorming]]
* chat [[chat-examples|chat examples]], [[chat-formats|chat formats]], and [[chat-brainstorming|chat brainstorming]]
* citation [[citation|citation effort]], [[citation-examples|citation examples]], [[citation-formats|citation formats]], [[citation-brainstorming|citation brainstorming]], and [[citation-faq|citation FAQ]]
* comment [[comment-problem|comment problem]], [[comment-examples|comment examples]], and [[comments-formats|comment formats]] (Some stuff needs to be extracted from [[comments-formats]])
* [[collection-description|collection description]] {{NewMarker}}
* [[course-catalog]]; [[course-catalog-examples]] {{NewMarker}}
* [[currency]]; [[currency-examples]]; [[currency-brainstorming]] {{NewMarker}}
* directions [[directions-examples|directions examples]] {{NewMarker}}
* directory inclusion [[directory-inclusion-examples|directory inclusion examples]], [[directory-inclusion-formats|directory inclusion formats]]. (see also [[rel-directory]])
* distributed conversation [[distributed-conversation|distributed conversation overview]], [[distributed-conversation-brainstorming|distributed conversation brainstorming]], [[distributed-conversation-examples|distributed conversation examples]], and [[distributed-conversation-formats|distributed conversation formats]]
* forms [[forms-examples|forms examples]]
* genealogy [[genealogy-formats|genealogy examples]]
* group [[group-brainstorming|group brainstorming]] and [[group-examples|group examples]]
* hash [[hash-examples|hash examples]]
* items [[items-brainstorming|items brainstorming]] and [[items-examples|items examples]
* job listing [[job-listing-examples|job listing examples]] and [[job-listing-brainstorming|job listing brainstorming]]
* last modified [[last-modified-examples|last modified examples]], [[last-modified-formats|last modified formats]], and [[last-modified-brainstorming|last modified brainstorming]]
* hListing [[hlisting-proposal|hListing proposal]], and [[hlisting-feedback|hListing feedback]] {{NewMarker}}
** Also, listing [[listing-examples|examples]], [[listing-formats|formats]], and [[listing-brainstorming|brainstorming]]
* [[hproduct|hProduct]] - [[hproduct-brainstorming|hProduct brainstorming]] | [[hproduct-feedback|hProduct discussion]] | [[hproduct-examples|hProduct examples]] {{NewMarker}}
* location [[location-formats|location formats]]. (see also [[adr]] and [[geo]])
* [[luna]] ([[geo]]-like co-ordinates, for places on The Moon) - see also [[geo-extension-strawman]] a possible implementation {{NewMarker}}
* [[mars]] ([[geo]]-like co-ordinates, for places on the planet Mars) - see also [[geo-extension-strawman]] a possible implementation {{NewMarker}}
* measures and measurement units [[measure]]
* [[media-info]] ([[media-info-examples|media-info examples]], [[media-info-formats|media-info formats]], [[media-info-brainstorming|media-info brainstorming]])
* meeting minutes [[meeting-minutes-examples|meeting minutes examples]], [[meeting-minutes-formats|meeting minutes formats]], and [[meeting-minutes-brainstorming|meeting minutes brainstorming]]
* metalink [[metalink-examples|metalink examples]] {{NewMarker}}
* microsummary [[microsummary-brainstorming|microsummary brainstorming]] {{NewMarker}}
* [[mfo-examples|MFO examples]]
* music [[music-examples|music examples]]
* photo note [[photo-note-examples|photo note examples]]
*[[question-answer]], [[question-answer-brainstorming]]; [[question-answer-examples]] {{NewMarker}}
* recipe [[recipe-examples|recipe examples]], [[recipe-brainstorming]] {{NewMarker}}
* rel-product [[rel-product-brainstorming|rel-product brainstorming]]
* requirements testing [[requirements-testing|requirements testing overview]], and [[requirements-testing-examples|requirements testing examples]]
* [[rest-examples|REST examples]]
* resume [[resume-brainstorming|resume brainstorming]], and [[resume-formats|resume formats]]
* review [[review-examples|review examples]], and [[review-formats|review formats]] (yielded the [[hreview|hReview]] draft)
* search results [[search-results-example|search results example]]
* show [[show-brainstorming|show brainstorming]]
* showroll [[showroll-brainstorming|brainstorming]]
* [[species]] - for the marking up of the scientific names of living things: [[species-examples]]; [[species-brainstorming]] {{NewMarker}}
* table [[table-examples|examples]]
* tagspeak [[tagspeak-examples|tagspeak examples]]
* tagcloud [[tagcloud-examples|tagcloud examples]], and [[tagcloud-brainstorming|tagcloud brainstorming]]. {{NewMarker}}
* transit table [[transit-table-examples|transit table examples]]
* [[uid]]
* widget [[widget-examples|widget examples]], and [[widget-brainstorming|widget brainstorming]]
* [[wiki-formats|wiki formats]]
* work of art [[work-of-art|work of art overview]], [[workofart-examples|work of art examples]], [[workofart-formats|work of art formats]], and [[workofart-brainstorming|work of art brainstorming]] {{NewMarker}}
*[[xmdp-brainstorming|XMDP brainstorming]] (see also [[xmdp-faq]])

== 例 ==
* [[examples|例]]
* [[zen-garden]]

== ツール、テストケース、リサーチ ==

事例やコードやテストケースを見るために最初に見るべき場所はmicroformatを使ったそれぞれのページです. 二つ以上のmicroformatを使うツールやサービスは少ししかありません. このセクションは複数のmicroformatに関連するエディター、パーサー、妥当性検証ソフト、テストケース、その他情報等のためのものです。

*[[accessibility]]
*[[faqs-for-rdf]]
*[[icalendar-implementations]]
*[[parsing-microformats]]
*[[selected-test-cases-from-the-web]]
*[http://hg.microformats.org/ Source code repository] -- [[mercurial-quick-start|HowTo: Download code from the repository]]
*[[vcard-implementations]], [[vcard-errata]], [[vcard-suggestions]]
*[[why-are-content-standards-hard]]

== 共有ワークスペース ==

* [[buttons]]
* [[spread-microformats]] {{NewMarker}}
* [[demo|デモ]] - microformatを試すデモへのリンク集
* [[events]] {{NewMarker}}
* [[to-do]]
* [[user-interface]]
* [[marked-for-deletion]]
* [[microformats-issues]] {{NewMarker}} - 一つ以上のmicroformatに関するissue

== 他言語でのmicroformats wiki ==

microformatsの記事を色々な言語で読んだり編集したりできます。

* 50以上の記事のある言語
** [[Main_Page|English (本家の英語)]]
** [[Main_Page-fr|Francais (フランス語)]] {{NewMarker-fr}}
* 10以上の記事のある言語
** [[Main_Page-pt-br| Português (ブラジル系ポルトガル語)]] {{NewMarker-pt-br}}
** [[Main_Page-ja|日本語]]
* 2以上の記事のある言語
** [[Main_Page-es|Espanol (スペイン語)]]
** [[Main_Page-de|Deutsch (ドイツ語)]]

==== 他の場所にあるmicroformatsの翻訳版 ====

いくつかのmicroformatsは、このWiki以外の場所にて翻訳が行われています。もしあなたがその翻訳に関わっていたら、ぜひこのmicroformats wikiで作業しないか考えて頂けると幸いです。
* [http://mikroformate.pbwiki.com/ Deutsch (German) mikroformate.pbwiki.com] {{NewMarker-de}}

=== 他の言語に翻訳するのをお手伝いください！ ===

読みたい記事があなたの読みたい言葉で存在していませんか？それならば是非microformats wikiを翻訳するのにご協力ください！microformats wikiの多言語化については現在も取り組んでいます。

翻訳に際し、まずは[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Multilingual_coordination Wikipediaにおける多言語版の位置づけ]、そして[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/How_to_start_a_new_Wikipedia 新しいWikipediaを始めるには] をご覧下さい。
一般的なTIPSやアドバイス、このコミュニティの慣習が書いてあります。

実際に翻訳を始めるときは、まず、比較的静的であまり変化がないものを集めた[[stable-pages-ja|静的ページ]]に挙がっているものを少しずつ翻訳していくことから始めましょう。そして、(ページの変更を監視できる)[[Special:Watchlist|ウォッチリスト]]機能を使って英語版と歩調を合わせるとよいでしょう。

翻訳したページの名前: 翻訳したページのページ名は、英語版のページ名の末尾にハイフンに続いてRFC 3066の言語コード付けてください。例えば日本語版では、[[Main_Page]]は[[Main_Page-ja]]に、そして [[how-to-play]]は[[how-to-play-ja]]になります。

=== 要望のある言語はこちら ===

* Chinese: 微格式 (Microformats) (see [http://msittig.blogspot.com/2005/11/since-i-translated-schedule-of.html source of translation])
* Does somebody want to see a Dutch translation???

hcard-ja

2007-02-20T03:53:13Z

KoichiWada: hCard説明の翻訳

<h1>hCard</h1>

hCardは個人、会社、組織、および場所を表現する、シンプルでオープンに配布されているフォーマットです。
[[semantic-xhtml|semantic XHTML]]の中のvCard標準([http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2426.txt RFC2426])の属性(propreties)および属性値(values)と一対一に対応した表現となっています。

[[hcard|hCard]]を使い始めたいですか？連絡先を書いて公開するのには[http://microformats.org/code/hcard/creator hCard creator]を使いましょう。または、[[hcard-authoring|hCard authoring tips]]に従って現在のあなたの連絡先のページにhCardマークアップを追加しましょう。

__TOC__

== Specification ==

=== Editor ===
[http://tantek.com/ Tantek Çelik], [http://technorati.com Technorati, Inc.]

=== Authors ===
* [http://tantek.com/ Tantek Çelik], [http://technorati.com Technorati, Inc]
* [http://suda.co.uk/ Brian Suda]

=== Copyright ===
{{MicroFormatCopyrightStatement2004}}

=== Patents ===
{{MicroFormatPatentStatement}}

=== Inspiration and Acknowledgments ===
Thanks to: my good friend [http://vadim.com/ Vadim] who introduced me to vCard ''many'' years ago, and if I'd only paid more attention then, perhaps I could have helped a lot of people avoid wasting a lot of time reinventing various standards wheels.

== Introduction ==
The vCard standard ([http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2426.txt RFC2426]), has been broadly interoperably implemented (e.g. Apple's "Address Book" application built into MacOSX).

In addition, many bloggers identify themselves by name and discuss their friends and family. With just a tad bit of structure, bloggers can discuss people in their blog(s) in such a way that spiders and other aggregators can retrieve this information, automatically convert them to vCards, and use them in any vCard application or service.

This specification introduces the '''hCard''' format, which uses a 1:1 representation of the properties and values of the aforementioned vCard standard, in semantic XHTML. Bloggers can both embed hCards directly in their web pages, and style them with CSS to make them appear as desired. In addition, hCard enables applications to retrieve information directly from web pages without having to reference a separate file.

Use the [http://microformats.org/code/hcard/creator hCard creator] and copy the HTML code it generates to your blog or website to publish your contact info.

== Semantic XHTML Design Principles ==
{{semantic-xhtml-design-principles}}

== Format ==
=== In General ===
The vCard standard ([http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2426.txt RFC2426]) forms the basis of hCard.

The basic format of hCard is to use vCard object/property names in lower-case for class names, and to map the nesting of vCard objects directly into nested XHTML elements.

=== More Semantic Equivalents ===
For some properties there are HTML elements which better match and convey their semantics. The following properties SHOULD be encoded with the following (X)HTML:
* <code>URL</code> in vCard becomes <code><a class="url" href="...">...</a></code> inside the element with <code>class="vcard"</code> in hCard.
* Similarly, <code>EMAIL</code> in vCard becomes <code><nowiki><a class="email" href="mailto:...">...</a></nowiki></code>
* <code>PHOTO</code> in vCard becomes <code><img class="photo" src="..." alt="Photo of ..." /></code> or <code><object class="photo" data="..." type="...">Photo of ...</object></code>
* <code>UID</code> in vCard simply becomes another semantic applied to a specific URL (or EMAIL) for an hCard.

=== Singular vs. Plural Properties ===
For properties which are singular (e.g. "N" and "FN"), the first descendant element with that class should take effect, any others being ignored.

For properties which can be plural (e.g. "TEL"), each class instance should create a instance of that property.

==== Singular properties ====

Singular properties: "FN", "N", "BDAY", "TZ", "GEO", "SORT-STRING", "UID", "CLASS".

All other properties are plural. This list has been derived by analyzing the semantics of the individual properties in vCard RFC2426 and determining logically that they MUST be singular per their semantics. See [[hcard-singular-properties]] for explanations.

==== Plural Properties Singularized ====

Since plural property names become their singular equivalents, even if the original plural property permitted only a single value with multiple components, those multiple components are represented each with their own singularly named property and the the property is effectively multivalued and subject to the above treatment of multivalued properties.

=== Human vs. Machine readable ===

If an <code><abbr></code> element is used for a property, then the '<code>title</code>' attribute of the <code><abbr></code> element is the value of the property, instead of the contents of the element, which instead provide a human presentable version of the value.

If an <code><a></code> element is used for one or more properties, it must be treated as follows:
# For the "PHOTO" property and any other property that takes a URL as its value, the <code>href="..."</code> attribute provides the property value.
# For other properties, the element's content is the value of the property.

If an <code><img></code> element is used for one or more properties, it must be treated as follows:
# For the "PHOTO" property and any other property that takes a URL as its value, the <code>src="..."</code> attribute provides the property value.
# For other properties, the <code><img></code> element's '<code>alt</code>' attribute is the value of the property.

If an <code><object></code> element is used for one or more properties, it must be treated as follows:
# For the "PHOTO" property and any other property that takes a URL as its value, the <code>data="..."</code> attribute provides the property value.
# For other properties, the element's content is the value of the property.

=== Value excerpting ===

Sometimes only part of an element which is the equivalent for a property should be used for the value of the property. This typically occurs when a property has a subtype, like TEL. For this purpose, the special class name "<code>value</code>" is introduced to excerpt out the subset of the element that is the value of the property. E.g. here is an hCard fragment for marking up a home phone number:<br />

vCard:
<pre><nowiki>
TEL;TYPE=HOME:+1.415.555.1212
</nowiki></pre>

hCard:
<pre><nowiki>
<span class="tel">
<span class="type">home</span>:
<span class="value">+1.415.555.1212</span>
</span>
</nowiki></pre>

This hCard fragment could be displayed as:

<div style="border: thin dashed black; width: 95%; padding: .5em 1em;">
<span class="tel">
<span class="type">home</span>:
<span class="value">+1.415.555.1212</span>
</span>
</div>

=== Property Exceptions ===

vCard has several properties which either do not make sense on, or are already implied within the context of a web page. This section explains what to (not) do with them.

# '''NAME''', '''PROFILE''', '''SOURCE''', '''PRODID''', '''VERSION''' properties as defined in Sections 2.1.2, 2.1.3, 2.1.4, 3.6.3, 3.6.9 of RFC 2426. Content publishers MUST NOT use these properties in their hCards, and as such, hCard consumers/parsers MUST IGNORE these properties if they are found within an hCard. Instead. hCard to vCard converters SHOULD use the title of the page where the hCard is found (e.g. the <code><title></code> element in (X)HTML documents) to construct the NAME property, MAY output a PROFILE value of "<code>VCARD</code>" per RFC 2426, SHOULD use the URL of the page where the hCard is found to construct the SOURCE property (e.g. perhaps as a parameter to a URL/service that converts hCards to vCards), for an output vCard stream (e.g. a .vcf file). Only services/applications that output actual vCards should write the PRODID property, with the product identifier for said service/application. Similarly only such services/applications should write the VERSION property, with the value "3.0" (without quotes) per RFC2426 Section 3.6.9.

=== Organization Contact Info ===

If the "FN" and "ORG" properties have the exact same value (typically because they are set on the same element, e.g. class="fn org"), then the hCard represents contact information for a company or organization and should be treated as such. In this case the author MUST also NOT set the "N" property, or set it (and any sub-properties) explicitly to the empty string "". Thus parsers should handle the missing "N" property in this case by implying empty values for all the "N" sub-properties.

=== Implied "n" Optimization ===

Although vCard requires that the "N" property be present, the authors of the vCard specification (RFC 2426) themselves do not include "N" properties in their vCards near the end of the spec (p.38). This apparent contradiction can be resolved by simply allowing the "FN" property to imply "N" property values in typical cases provided in the spec. We do so explicitly in hCard.

If "FN" and "ORG" are not the same (see previous section), and the value of the "FN" property is exactly two words (separated by whitespace), and there is no explicit "N" property, then the "N" property is inferred from the "FN" property. For "FN"s with either one word see below, and for three or more, the author MUST explicitly markup the "N", except for the organization contact info case, [http://microformats.org/wiki/hcard#Organization_Contact_Info see above] for that.

# The content of "FN" is broken into two "words" separated by whitespace.
# The ''first'' word of the "FN" is interpreted as the "given-name" for the "N" property.
# The ''second/last'' word of the "FN" is interpreted as the "family-name" for the "N" property.
# Exception: If the first word ends in a "," comma OR if the second word is a single character (optionally followed by a period "."), then the first word (minus the comma at the end if any) is interpreted as the "family-name" and the second word is interpreted as the "given-name".

This allows simplification in the typical case of people stating:
* given-name (space) family-name
* family-name (comma) given-name
* family-name (comma) given-name-first-initial
* family-name (space) given-name-first-initial (optional period)

=== Implied "nickname" Optimization ===

Due to the prevalence of the use of nicknames/handles/usernames on the Web in actual content published on the Web (e.g. authors of [[hReview|reviews]]), hCard also has an implied "nickname" optimization to handle this.

Similar to the implied "n" optimization, if "FN" and "ORG" are not the same, and the value of the "FN" property is exactly one word, and there is no explicit "N" property, then:

# The content of the "FN" is treated as a "nickname" property value.
# Parsers should handle the missing "N" property by implying empty values for all the "N" sub-properties.

Note: the hCard may have additional explicit "nickname" property values in addition to the implied nickname.

=== Implied "organization-name" Optimization ===

The "ORG" property has two subproperties, organization-name and organization-unit. Very often authors only publish the organization-name. Thus if an "ORG" property has no "organization-name" inside it, then its entire contents MUST be treated as the "organization-name".

=== Tags as Categories ===

Categories in hCard can optionally be represented by tags with [[rel-tag]]. When a category property is a rel-tag, the tag (as defined by rel-tag) is used for that category.

=== Root Class Name ===
The root class name for an hCard is "vcard".

=== Property List ===
This is the list of properties (and subproperties, in parentheses, like this) in hCard, taken from vCard:

* fn, n (family-name, given-name, additional-name, honorific-prefix, honorific-suffix), nickname, sort-string
* url, email (type, value), tel (type, value)
* adr (post-office-box, extended-address, street-address, locality, region, postal-code, country-name, type, value), label
* geo (latitude, longitude), tz
* photo, logo, sound, bday
* title, role, org (organization-name, organization-unit)
* category, note
* class, key, mailer, uid, rev

=== Property Notes ===
* tel - Authors MAY want to follow the E.123 standard for writing values of telephone numbers.

==== type subproperty values ====

The 'type' subproperty in particular takes different values depending on which property it is a subproperty of. These 'type' subproperty values are case-INSENSITIVE, meaning "Home" is the same as "home", as well as multivalued, e.g. a tel can be home and preferred:

vCard:
<pre><nowiki>
TEL;TYPE=HOME,PREF:+1.415.555.1212
</nowiki></pre>

hCard:
<pre><nowiki>
<span class="tel"><span class="type">Home</span> (<span class="type">pref</span>erred):
<span class="value">+1.415.555.1212</span>
</span>
</nowiki></pre>

This could be displayed as:

<div style="border: thin dashed black; width: 95%; padding: .5em 1em; ">
<span class="tel"><span class="type">Home</span> (<span class="type">pref</span>erred):
<span class="value">+1.415.555.1212</span>
</span>
</div>

The following lists are ''informative''. See RFC 2426 sections 3.2.1 ADR, 3.3.1 TEL, and 3.3.2 EMAIL respectively for normative type values. They are repeated here for convenience. Default type subproperty value(s) is(are) first in each list and indicated in ALL CAPS. types may be multivalued.

* adr type: INTL, POSTAL, PARCEL, WORK, dom, home, pref
* tel type: VOICE, home, msg, work, pref, fax, cell, video, pager, bbs, modem, [http://flickr.com/photos/tags/carcellphone/ car], isdn, pcs
* email type: INTERNET, x400, pref, "other IANA registered address types"

=== XMDP Profile ===

See [[hcard-profile]] for the [http://gmpg.org/xmdp XMDP] profile of hCard which contains the above complete list of properties, with references to their RFC 2426 definitions.

=== Parsing Details ===

See [[hcard-parsing|hCard parsing]].

== Examples ==

This section is informative.

=== Sample vCard ===

Here is a sample vCard:

<pre><nowiki>
BEGIN:VCARD
VERSION:3.0
N:Çelik;Tantek
FN:Tantek Çelik
URL:http://tantek.com/
ORG:Technorati
END:VCARD
</nowiki></pre>

and an equivalent in hCard with various elements optimized appropriately. See [[hcard-example1-steps| hCard Example 1]] for the derivation.

<pre><nowiki>
<div class="vcard">
<a class="url fn" href="http://tantek.com/">Tantek Çelik</a>
<div class="org">Technorati</div>
</div>
</nowiki></pre>

This hCard might be displayed as:
<div style="border: thin dashed black; width: 95%; padding: .5em 1em;">
[http://tantek.com/ Tantek Çelik]<br />
Technorati
</div>

Note: The version information is unnecessary in hCard markup directly since the version will be defined by the profile of hCard that is used/referred to in the 'profile' attribute of the <head> element.

=== More Examples ===
See [[hcard-examples|hCard examples]] for more examples, including all examples from vCard RFC 2426 converted into hCard.

== Examples in the wild ==
This section is '''informative'''. The number of hCard examples in the wild has expanded far beyond the capacity of being kept inline in this specification. They have been moved to a [[hcard-examples-in-wild|separate page]].

See [[hcard-examples-in-wild|hCard Examples in the wild]].

== Implementations ==
This section is '''informative'''. The number of hCard implementations has also expanded beyond the capacity of keeping them inline. They have been moved to a [[hcard-implementations|separate page]].

See [[hcard-implementations|hCard Implementations]].

== References ==
=== Normative References ===
* [http://www.w3.org/TR/2002/REC-xhtml1-20020801/ XHTML 1.0 SE]
* [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2426.txt vCard RFC2426]
* [http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-E.123-200102-I/en ITU recommendation E.123] format of telephone numbers (chargeable document)

=== Informative References ===
* Contributed from http://developers.technorati.com/wiki/hCard.
* [http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/rfc2426 HTML reformatted version of RFC2426]
* [http://w3.org/TR/REC-CSS1 CSS1]
* [http://tantek.com/log/2004/09.html#hcard hCard term introduced and defined on the Web, 20040930]
* [http://wiki.oreillynet.com/foocamp04/index.cgi?SimpleSemanticFormats FOO Camp 2004 Simple Semantic Formats presentation, 20040910]
* [http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11 XHTML 1.1]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E.123 Wikipedia summary of ITU-T Recommendation E.123] - for "TEL" values.
* [http://www.imc.org/pdi/ Internet Mail Consortium Personal Data Interchange vCard and vCalendar]

==== Specifications That Use hCard ====
* [[adr]]
* [[geo]]
* [[hcalendar|hCalendar]]
* [[hreview|hReview]]

==== Similar Work ====
* [http://www.intertwingly.net/wiki/pie/PaceBetterPersonElement Atom PaceBetterPersonElement]
* [http://www.jabber.org/jeps/jep-0054.html JEP-0054: vcard-temp]

== Further Reading ==
* [http://www.digital-web.com/articles/microformats_primer/ Digital Web Magazine: Microformats Primer] by Garrett Dimon has a good intro to hCard
* [http://24ways.org/advent/practical-microformats-with-hcard Practical Microformats with hCard] by Drew McLellan
* [http://www.naturalsearchblog.com/archives/2006/09/28/tips-for-local-search-engine-optimization-for-your-site/ Local Search Engine Optimization using Microformats] by Chris Silver Smith
* [http://thedredge.org/ Andrew D. Hume] has written a blog post on [http://usabletype.com/articles/2005/usable-microformats/ usable microformats] which discusses hCard
* [http://www.thefutureoftheweb.com/blog/2006/1/hcard Jesse Skinner's introduction to hCard]
* [http://blog.usweb.com/ Shaun Shull's] great post on [http://blog.usweb.com/archives/how-microformats-affect-search-engine-optimization-seo How Microformats Affect SEO], including his [[hcard|hCard]] as an example.
* [http://24ways.org/2006/styling-hcards-with-css 24 Ways: Styling hCards with CSS] A 24 Ways article - John Allsopp on styling hCard using CSS
* See also [http://www.technorati.com/cosmos/referer.html blogs discussing this page] and the [http://technorati.com/tags/hcard hCard tag]
* [http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4770.txt RFC 4770 - Extensions for Instant Messaging]

== Related Pages ==
{{hcard-related-pages}}

introduction-ja

2007-02-20T03:08:50Z

KoichiWada: 'Microformatsとは?'の翻訳

__NOTOC__

<h1>Microformatsの手引き</h1>

__TOC__

== Microformatsとは? ==

Microformatsは、ウェブ上で人が読むために提供されているイベントの情報とか、連絡先の詳細や場所などの情報に、シンプルなマークアップを付加する手段です。Microformatsを利用することで、これらの情報の抽出、インデックス、検索、保存、情報間の相互参照や組み合わせ、などをソフトウェアによって行うことが可能になります。

もう少し技術的に詳しく言うと、Microformatsは標準の(X)HTMLと、ある共通のクラス名の集合だけを使ったマークアップです。
オープンで誰でも自由に使用することができます。

== 何故Microformatsなのか ==

何故Microformatsに注目するのか?

簡単に言えば、Microformatsにはいくつかの追い風があるのです。

# Webデザインや情報構造の進化の中での論理的な次のステップである
# 中央集権的なサービスを信頼せずとも、リッチな情報を公開する人々や組織のための方法である
# (専門家領域以外での)"従来の"メタデータの試みは失敗したり広く導入されるまでにとても長い時間がかかることが判明したので新しいアプローチが必要とされていた
# データのための(X)HTMLを使うことができる

== The Appeal to Simplicity ==

* Microformats are a simple effort which has appealed to many frustrated with previous complex efforts. One parallel that can be drawn is to REST in the web services world - for more on REST see [[suggested-reading#REST|suggested reading on REST]].
* See: [http://www.justinleavesley.com/journal/2005/7/28/web-services-and-the-innovators-dilemma.html Web Services and the Innovators Dilemma] by Justin Leavesley

== See Also ==
* 最近の[[press-ja|プレス]]のインタビューや[[articles-ja|記事]]もよい手引きとなります。
* [[microformats-ja]]にある[[presentations-ja|プレゼンテーション]]も背景を更に知ったり、導入のための資料となるでしょう。
* microformatsについての[[podcasts-ja|ポッドキャスト]]を聴いてください。
* 一般的なmicroformatsに関する疑問については[[faq-ja|FAQs]]を読んでください。
* [[suggested-reading-ja|suggested reading]]もあります。
* [[implement-ja|microformatsを実装したいですか?]]
* [[presentations-ja]]
* [[podcasts-ja]]
* [[suggested-reading-ja]]
* [[testimonials-ja]]