downloads-brainstorming

2007-08-14T19:09:56Z

Silona:

<h1>Downloads Brainstorming </h1>

The purpose of this page is to capture software download and software update practices in the wild, as one effort to codify practices currently used in the automatic update system called Sparkle.

This page was recently merged from appcast-brainstorming, and may therefore still have references to an "appcast microformat".

__TOC__

== Authors ==

* [[User:DenisDefreyne|Denis Defreyne]]
* [http://factoryjoe.com/ Chris Messina]

== Context ==

Sites like [http://iusethis.com iusethis.com], [http://versiontracker.com versiontracker.com], [http://macupdate.com macupdate.com] and [http://download.com download.com], among others, provide software downloads, both new releases and updates.

Among common data in a software update changelog are changes or fixes, completed bugs, new features or modified behavior, and known issues. A version number is also typically supplied, but takes on many forms and is not always numeric.

Lastly, this work should be seen as compatible with hAtom, possibly as a prelude to a format that could be embedded as the payload of an hfeed object.

== Related Work ==

* [[hash-brainstorming]] has a section about hAtom integration. The example uses a "download" class, which contains a rel-enclosure link as well as a span with "md5" and "checksum" classes.

== Sparkle-specific Appcast enhancements ==

Sparkle adds a few extra features to appcasts:

* External release notes URL: used when the release notes are not included in the appcast itself
* MD5 sums and DSA signatures: used for some extra security
* Version strings: Sparkle will try to determine the application version from the enclosure name, which is assumed to be APPNAME_VERSION.zip. If this is not possible, the <code>sparkle:version</code> attribute will be used. The <code>sparkle:shortVersionString</code> attribute contains the version string that will be displayed to the user (useful when the actual version number is an internal build number, for example).

The downloads microformat should probably support these features as well.

The MD5 sum and DSA signature is specific for an enclosure. It is, however, not possible to add these extra attributes to a [[rel-enclosure]] link. A hentry in an downloads microformat can only have one enclosure, so the MD5 sum and DSA signature should be part of the hentry.

== Proposal ==

This proposal is mostly inspired by appcasts with Sparkle extensions.

* Each hentry has one enclosure, and possibly checksums and digital signatures.
* Each hentry has one <code>version</code> which holds the application version.

Example:

<code><pre><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>Version History</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Version History</h1>
<div class="hentry">
<h2 class="entry-title">Adium <span class="version">1.0.4</span></h2>
<p>Updated on <abbr class="updated" title="2007-06-20T18:00+01:00">24 June</abbr>.</p>
<div class="entry-content">
<ul>
<li>Fixed a crash introduced in 1.0.3 which could occur when accounts disconnected or status changed</li>
<li>Fixed group chat when message history is enabled</li>
</ul>
</div>

<p>
<a href="http://adiumx.cachefly.net/Adium_1.0.4.dmg" rel="enclosure">Download</a>.
<span class="checksum">
The <span class="type">MD5</span> checksum of this download is
<span class="value">e0d123e5f316bef78bfdf5a008837577</span>.
</span>.
</p>
</div>
</body>
</html></pre></code>

The hash microformat used in this proposal is likely to change.

== Multi-app/arch/OS/... download pages ==

A single downloads page can have downloads for different applications, different versions, different architectures, different operating systems, etc (for example, the [http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.0.html MySQL downloads page]).

Here's a probably incomplete list of different download properties:

* Architecture: PPC, x86, 68k, architecture-independent, …
* OS: Mac OS X, Windows XP, OS-independent, …
* Download type: Ruby Gem, gzipped tarball, Mac OS X DMG, …

However, multi-* download pages are hard to do right, and therefore probably not worth supporting. A single HTML page should therefore only contain downloads for one application, one OS, one architecture, etc.

It's been suggested that tags could be used to mark up OSes and architectures.
== Issues ==

=== Signatures ===

How should DSA signatures be handled? Should a simple <code><span class="dsa-signature">...</span></code> work? Should DSA signatures be part of the hash microformat (see [[hash-brainstorming]])?

* [[digital-signatures]] seems to be useful, but only for signing microformat data, not enclosures.
* Is it really worth supporting DSA signatures in downloads? How many people use these DSA signatures anyway?
** Sparkle 2.0 will likely make DSA signatures a requirement. There will also be a tool that auto-signs updates. Something to keep in mind. [[User:DenisDefreyne|DenisDefreyne]] 13:21, 12 Aug 2007 (PDT)

=== Smaller Download Microformat ===

Merging the appcast and the downloads microformat might not have been a smart idea, for the following reasons:

* The name "downloads" is very general and very vague.
* Marking up a single download with hAtom doesn't make much sense.

A simpler download microformat, which is basically a rel-enclosure with some extra data (MD5 sum, DSA signature) may be useful.

=== Naming ===

What name should this microformat have?

* "appcast": too specific? appcast shouldn't be limited to applications, and the term may be too jargony. Tantek doesn't like it.
* "downloads": too general? Chris doesn't like it.
* "software-updates": is "software" too general?

=== Version Numbers ===

Each entry needs a version number, so software update frameworks can figure out which version number to display. (Sparkle can actually figure out the version number from the download URL, but not always.)

In the proposal above, the "version" class name is used, but I'm not happy about it. In other microformats, "version" is used to indicate the version of the microformat, not the version of something that is described using the microformat. "revision" is probably a better name.

=== Overlap with Changesets ===

Changesets are very similar to downloads, with the exception that there are no downloads (another reason why the "downloads" name sucks?). Each changeset entry (hentry) usually has a short description (entry-title), a list of changes (entry-description), and a revision number.

== To Do ==

* Create a hash microformat (see [[hash-brainstorming]]).
* Figure out how to include DSA signatures for enclosures.
* Figure out whether [[hListing]] could be used instead of [[hAtom]].
* Figure out whether changesets can benefit from this microformat.

== Software using appcasts ==

This is a list of programs and frameworks that use appcasts or appcast-like data.

* [http://sparkle.andymatuschak.org/ Sparkle] uses Sparkle-enhanced RSS appcasts.
* [http://metaquark.de/appfresh/ AppFresh] uses Sparkle-enhanced appcasts, including those generated by [http://iusethis.com/ iusethis] (e.g. [http://osx.iusethis.com/appcast/igtd the iGTD appcast]).
* [http://hohle.net/projects/spangle/ Spangle] (formerly known as Perrier) uses Sparkle-enhanced RSS appcasts.

== Implementations ==

The hatom-sparkle project on Google Code ([http://code.google.com/p/hatom-sparkle/ project page], [http://hatom-sparkle.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/ repository]) is a fork of Sparkle that adds hAtom support. It is functional, but lacks support for shortVersionString as well as MD5 sums and DSA signatures.

== Related Pages ==

* [[downloads]]
* [[downloads-examples]]
* [[downloads-formats]]

== See Also ==

* [[rel-enclosure]]
* [[hash-brainstorming]]
* [[hash-examples]]
* [http://usefulinc.com/doap DOAP]
* [http://dannyayers.com:88/xmlns/hdoap/profile/index.xhtml hDOAP]

Microformats Wiki - User contributions [en]

downloads-brainstorming