Microformats Wiki - User contributions [en]

media-metadata-examples

2007-01-14T08:24:21Z

WinningHam: /* Video */

This is an exploratory page to be used for storage of various multimedia data and metadata profiles, formats, and practices currently in use around the web. As this is a very, very early exploration, we should include as many types of multimedia as possible in the opening discussion - but please be sure to place your information in the correct portion of this page.

= Purpose of this exploration (or : The Problem) =

The purpose of the studies on this page is to determine the feasibility and demand for a flexible, semantic markup format for multimedia related paradigms.

This includes such things as:
<ul>
<li>Providing metadata alongside linked multimedia files.Typically, multimedia metadata is stored within the header of the media file itself - which has massive implications for any application where metadata is to be indexed, searched, or made externally accessible. Of course, even if you could easily access the correct portions of a media file remotely, you'd still have to cope with a multitude of open and proprietary metadata formats, each with it's own distinct fieldset, nomenclature and storage method.
</li>
<li>What is called: Internet TV, IPTV, [http://newtube.org/ NewTube], vlogging, vidblogging, vidlogging, vodcasting, etc.</li>
<li>What is called: Podcasting, IPradio, etc.</li>
</ul>

This study aims to make a start at solving this problem.

== Contributors ==

These folks have contributed real-world examples and research to this document, and are interested in helping with a solution.

* Christopher Allen
* Dougal Campbell
* Dr. Ernie
* Rohit Khare
* Ryan King
* Kevin Marks
* Lisa Rein
* Dan Glegg
* Chris Messina
* [http://changelog.ca/ Charles Iliya Krempeaux]
* Thomas Winningham

If you contribute new real-world examples or research, and wish to help with a solution, please add your name as well.

= Examples on the Web today =

Below is a list of strawman models based on real work examples. (Links to actual examples have been omitted since many of them have been found on adult sites, and it is believed that it would be inappropriate to list these here. -- [[User:Charles|Charles]])

=== Show Strawman #1 ===
Single clip with a preview image. The clip is the full show.
<nowiki>
<a href="clip.mpeg"><img src="preview.png" /></a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #2 ===
Single clip with a preview image. The clip is the teaser of the
full show. And there is a link that you can go to pay to see the full
show.
<nowiki>
<a href="teaser.mpeg"><img src="preview.png" /></a>

<a href="http://example.com/go">Pay to View</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #3 ===
A show divided up in multiple clips, each with a preview image.
Together the clips make up the show.
<nowiki>
<a href="clip-1.mpg"><img src="preview-1.png" /></a>

<a href="clip-2.mpg"><img src="preview-2.png" /></a>

<a href="clip-3.mpg"><img src="preview-3.png" /></a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #4 ===
A set of teasers for a show. Together they don't make up the full
show. And the may or may not overlap in time. There's a "Pay to
View" link there too.
<nowiki>
<a href="clip-blue.mpg"><img src="preview-blue.png" /></a>

<a href="clip-red.mpg"><img src="preview-red.png" /></a>

<a href="clip-green.mpg"><img src="preview-green.png" /></a>

<a href="http://example.com/go">Pay to View</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #5 ===
A single clip that comes in different formats. (Could be a
teaser, a clip, or a full show.)
<nowiki>
<img src="preview.png" />
<a href="clip.mpg">MPEG</a>
<a href="clip.ogm">Ogg</a>
<a href="clip.avi">AVI</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #6 ===
A single preview image with the show given in 2 different methods. The first is the show broken up into a series of pieces (which makes it easier to download.) And the second is the full show in one file
<nowiki>
<img src="preview.png" />

<a href="part-1.mpg">[1]</a>
<a href="part-2.mpg">[2]</a>
<a href="part-3.mpg">[3]</a>

<a href="full.mpg">full</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #7 ===
A single clip with a preview image. The title of the show is given with an image (and thus the actual machine-readable title is the ''alt attribute'' of the image) and is linked with the main URL for the show. There's also a link to older episodes of the show.
<nowiki>
<a href="..."><img src="the-name-of-the-show-png" alt="The Name of the Show" /></a>

<a href="episode123-clip.mpeg"><img src="episode123-preview.png" /></a>

<a href="older-shows">older shows</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #8 ===
A series of clips with preview images. The title of the show is given with an image (and thus the actual machine-readable title is the ''alt attribute'' of the image) and is linked with the main URL for the show. There's also a links to older and news episodes of the show.
<nowiki>
<a href="..."><img src="the-name-of-the-show-png" alt="The Name of the Show" /></a>

<a href="episode123-clip.mpeg"><img src="episode123-preview.png" /></a>
<a href="episode122-clip.mpeg"><img src="episode122-preview.png" /></a>
<a href="episode121-clip.mpeg"><img src="episode121-preview.png" /></a>
<a href="episode120-clip.mpeg"><img src="episode120-preview.png" /></a>

<a href="newer-shows">[next]</a>
<a href="older-shows">[previous]</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #9 ===
A series of preview images. The title of the show is given in text. A link to all the show's files via a torrent. Other metadata is also typically included too, in plain text; some is shown here. Also, sometimes metadata is put in the description.
<nowiki>
The Name of the Show

<img src="preview1.png" />
<img src="preview2.png" />

<a href="show.torrent">...</a>

Torrent Info Hash: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Description: blah blah blah .... here some URLs to previews...
blah blah blah .... this is 24 fps
blah blah blah

Content: tag1, tag2, tag3

Resolution: 320px x 240px

Run Time: 24mins 57secs

Size: 125.42 MB (131,509,108 bytes)

Type: Movie Clip

Published/Uploaded By: someone

<a href="...">Link to page with list of files in torrent</a>
<a href="...">Link to page with list of people on the torrent</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #10 ===
An embedded object citing a specific plugin, or simply a link to the media itself, as an object parameter. The rest of the parameters include plugin OR media-specific metadata, and any URIs used are usually unique to the media content.

<nowiki>
<object
width='400' height='326' type='application/x-shockwave-flash'
data='http://video.google.com/googleplayer.swf?docId=3807826142091223684&hl=en'>
<param name='allowScriptAccess' value='never' />
<param name='movie'
value='http://video.google.com/googleplayer.swf?docId=3807826142091223684&hl=en'/>
<param name='quality' value='best'/>
<param name='bgcolor' value='#ffffff' />
<param name='scale' value='noScale' />
<param name='wmode' value='window'/>
</object>
</nowiki>

or:

<nowiki>
<embed
src="http://media.revver.com/qt;sharer=14854/137027.mov"
pluginspage="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/"
scale="tofit" kioskmode="false"
qtsrc="http://media.revver.com/qt;sharer=14854/137027.mov"
cache="false" controller="true" type="video/quicktime" autoplay="true" height="272" width="320">
</nowiki>

= Current / Previous Standards =

== Still image ==

* [http://www.exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF EXIF]
* [http://www.tasi.ac.uk/2000/09/rdfmeta/ RDF for self-describing images]
* [http://archive.dstc.edu.au/RDU/staff/jane-hunter/PNG/paper.html An Indexing and Querying System for Online Images Based on the PNG Format and Embedded Metadata]
* [http://www.w3.org/TR/photo-rdf/ Describing and retrieving photos using RDF and HTTP]
* [http://www.pheed.com/pheed/ Pheed RSS extension for photo syndication]

== Audio Metadata Formats ==

* [http://www.id3.org/ ID3v2]

* iTunes
** Album : String
** Artist : String
** Beats Per Minute : Number
** Bit Rate : Number
** Comment : Blob
** Composer : String
** Genre : String or Foreign ID
** Disc Number : Number
** Kind : Proprietary - could be implimented as MIME type
** My Rating : Number < 5 (actually an integer from the range 0-100. 1-5 "stars" implemented by incrementing by 20)
** Sample Rate : Number
** Size : Number
** Time : Number
** Track Number : Number
** Year : Number
**Additional metadata used internally by the application : Date Added (Timestamp), Date Modified (Timestamp), Equalizer (foreign ID), Play Count (Number), Grouping (Internal)
**Noteable absences : Tags, [[rel-license|License]], Copyright year. Also note common complaints about [http://www.everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=1707402 ID3 and classical music].

* [http://www.xspf.org/ XSPF] (see also [http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html A survey of playlist formats] and [http://www.xspf.org/xspf-v0.html The XSPF Playlist Format, version 0])
** album
** creator
** duration
** info
** title
** trackNum

== Podcasts ==

* '''iTunes podcast:''' http://phobos.apple.com/static/podcast_specifications.pdf
(HTML version of spec: [http://labs.commerce.net/~rohit/How%20To%20Publish%20a%20Podcast%20on%20iTunes%20Music%20Store.html local archive], [http://labs.commerce.net/~rohit/iTunesRSS.html updated version from Apple Chapter Tool Beta docs], [http://phobos.apple.com/static/iTunesRSS.html online copy at Apple])

iTunes release 4.9 was widely heralded as an advance for mainstream acceptance of podcasting. However, while some advocates resist even the fragment of a trademarked name in the label for the phenomenon, the use of "itunes:" in the namespace is one of many design decisions in Apple's original specification that became focal points of debate. While Apple has a tradition of working on breakthrough features very quietly, they have been open to public input after its initial release. Many [http://daringfireball.net/2005/07/podcast_pocket other bloggers] have [http://usefulinc.com/edd/blog/contents/2005/06/28-rss-apple-itunes/read chronicled] [http://www.intertwingly.net/blog/2005/07/05/Insensitive-iTunes some of the feedback], as well as some [http://tantek.com/log/2005/07.html#d10t0130 face-to-face discussions].

A mailing list may be coming soon...

* '''Media RSS:''' http://search.yahoo.com/mrss

Media RSS has [http://www.ysearchblog.com/archives/000111.html been in the works longer], but doesn't have the overnight-adoption advantage of iTunes. However, it has a much broader ambit, including [http://www.ysearchblog.com/archives/000060.html video]; and a much broader [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/rss-media/ community of interest].

=== A Podcasting Microformat? ===

The best starting point for understanding these two proposals is [http://www.w3.org/2005/07/media-and-rss W3C's summary table, by Karl Dubost].

There are (at least) two paths to consider when 'porting' these proposals into Microformats:
# '''Standalone.''' What is the most straightforward rendering of each proposal into XHTML? This keeps the interests of the developers of ''consuming'' applications foremost: how can the migration be made as painless as possible?
# '''Refactored.''' Given the existing core of Microformats, what is the minimal (!) necessary to add on to RelLicense, RelTag, hReview, and so forth? This favors (we'd hope) content ''publishing'' applications: how can the marginal migration costs of adding media be made as painless as possible.

Mapping the existing specs requires understanding the data definitions set forth in each specification, and finding the optimal equivalents (where available). The following is a partial summary of one possible mapping:

==== Comparison Table ====

<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid grey;">
<tr>
<th>Aspect</th>
<th>Atom</th>
<th>iTunes RSS</th>
<th>Media RSS</th>
<th>M3U</td>
<th>RSS 2.0</th>
<th>Microformat?</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Authorship</td>
<td><ul><li><atom:author></li><li><atom:contributor></li></ul></td>
<td><ul><li><itunes:author></li><li><itunes:owner></li><li><itunes:name></li><li><itunes:email></li></ul></td>
<td><media:credit></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><copyright> <author> <source></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"><ul><li><cite></li><li>[[hcard|hCard]]</li><li>[[rel-author]]</li><li>[[rev-author]]</li><li><address></li></ul>need a way of specifying the role of the author or contributor.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Categorization</td>
<td><atom:category></td>
<td><itunes:category> <itunes:keywords></td>
<td><media:category></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><category></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">[[rel-tag]] - requires a way to do sub categories?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Description</td>
<td><atom:summary> <atom:content></td>
<td><itunes:subtitle> <itunes:summary></td>
<td><media:text></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><description></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">XHTML (e.g. <nowiki><blockquote></nowiki> )</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Licensing</td>
<td><atom:copyright> <atom:rights></td>
<td><itunes:block> <copyright> <link></td>
<td>Not explicitly mentioned</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><ttl></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">[[rel-license]]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Metadata</td>
<td></td>
<td><itunes:duration> <itunes:image></td>
<td><media:thumbnail> <media:hash> <pre><media:content
url="http://www.example.com/movie.mov"
fileSize="12216320"
type="video/quicktime"
isDefault="true"
expression="full"
bitrate="128"
framerate="25"
duration="185"
height="200"
width="300"
/></pre></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">needs a new microformat e.g., <dl><dt>proposal for duration</dt><dd><pre><abbr class="duration" title="00:27:35">
27 minutes, 35 seconds
</abbr></pre>
-- [[User:jkinberg|jkinberg]] 11:51, 19 Sept 2005 (PDT))
</dd></dl></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Preview</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td>For Video Media: <media:thumbnail> For Audio Media: nothing</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat for this
<dl><dt>proposal for video preview</dt><dd><pre><img class="preview" src="..." /></pre>
-- [[User:Charles|Charles]]
</dd></dl></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Rating</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><itunes:explicit></td>
<td><s><media:adult></s> <media:rating></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><rating></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">[[rel-tag]]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Title</td>
<td><atom:title> <atom:subtitle></td>
<td><itunes:subtitle> <title></td>
<td><media:title> <title></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><title></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">
<ul>
<li><h1>...</h1></li>
<li><h2>...<h2></li>
<li><h3>...</h3></li>
<li><h4>...</h4></li>
<li><h5>...</h5></li>
<li><h6>...</h6></li>
<li>title="..."</li>
<li>Microformats with class="title"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="7"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Show Concept</td>
<td><ul><li><atom:feed></li><li><link rel="self" href="..." /></li></ul></td>
<td><ul><li><channel></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td><ul><li><channel></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td>A M3U file.</td>
<td><ul><li><channel></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Episode Concept</td>
<td><ul><li><atom:entry></li><li><link rel="alternate" href="..." /></li></ul></td>
<td><ul><li><item></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td><ul><li><item></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td>A single URL line.</td>
<td><ul><li><item></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Media Concept</td>
<td><ul><li><atom:link rel="enclosure" href="..." /></li><li>also... dependent on type of data embedded in or referenced from <atom:content></li></ul></td>
<td><enclosure></td>
<td><media:content></td>
<td>Simply the inclusion of a URL on a line.</td>
<td><enclosure></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"><img> <a href=""> <object> <embed> </td>
</tr>
</table>

== Video ==
* [http://www.exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF EXIF] - (Yes, the spec deals with video taken by still cameras. -- RyanKing)
* [http://www.chiariglione.org/mpeg/standards/mpeg-7/mpeg-7.htm MPEG-7] - MPEG-7, formally named "Multimedia Content Description Interface", is a standard for describing the multimedia content data that supports some degree of interpretation of the information meaning, which can be passed onto, or accessed by, a device or a computer code. (Very powerful, but you have to pay for documentation -- [[User:ChristopherA|ChristopherA]] 01:53, 29 Jun 2005 (PDT))
**An OWL ontology of MPEG-7 is available at http://rhizomik.net/ontologies/2005/03/Mpeg7-2001.owl -tmw
* [http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/ SMIL] - Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL, pronounced "smile") enables simple authoring of interactive audiovisual presentations. (Not exactly video, but has a lot of useful video-related features in it. -- [[User:ChristopherA|ChristopherA]] 01:55, 29 Jun 2005 (PDT))
* [[video-metadata-model| Video Metadata Model - a starting point]]

== Interactive ==
* [http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/ SVG]
* [http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/ SMIL]
* QTVR?

== Offline Media ==
* [http://xspf.org XSPF] (media may be either offline or online)

=== Printed Publications (books/magazines) ===
* [http://amazon.com/ Amazon]

=== Movies ===
* [http://imdb.com/ IMDB]
* [http://amazon.com/ Amazon]

=== Music ===
* [http://freedb.org/ FreeDB]
* [http://musicbrainz.org/ MusicBrainz]
* [http://amazon.com/ Amazon]

== Container Formats ==
The purpose of container formats is to allow the muxing of multiple codecs into a single file or stream. For example, if you want audio, video, and text (subtitles) combined into a single stream.

The purpose of the muxing is for synchronization and so that you can stream the file and view it without having to jump around -- seek -- in the file.

Container formats include:
* AVI
* MPEG
* Ogg
* QuickTime

=== Container Format Comparison Table ===

<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid grey;">
<tr>
<th>Aspect</th>
<th>AVI</th>
<th>MPEG</th>
<th>Ogg</td>
<th>QuickTime</th>
<th>Microformat?</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Allows Audio</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Allows Video</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Allows Text</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Error Detection</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
</table>

=== Notes for Microformats ===
One of the problems with container formats is that it is often difficult and sometimes impossible to know the disposition of what they contain ahead of time (without reading the file).

For example, Ogg files use the MIME type application/ogg and generally use the extension .ogg. With only these 2 pieces of information, you cannot tell whether such an Ogg file contains video data or not.

There is room for a microformat to help with this. Perhaps something like:
<div style="font-family:monospace;white-space:pre;padding:1.5em;background-color:black;color:white;"><a class="moving-image" type="application/ogg" href="my.ogg">...</a></div>
Although, this can be done in other ways too. For example, using [http://changelog.ca/log/2005/08/21/rss-disposition-hinting-proposal disposition hinting] one could do something like:
<div style="font-family:monospace;white-space:pre;padding:1.5em;background-color:black;color:white;"><a type="application/ogg;disposition-type:moving-image" href="my.ogg">...</a></div>

Anothing thing for any Microformat to consider is that it may be the case that the data files that are muxed in the container format may also be offered in non-muxed forms. This is important when alternatives are offered.

== Audio Formats ==

Audio formats include:
* AAC
* MP3
* PCM WAV
* Speex
* Vorbis
* WMA

=== Audio Format Comparison Table ===

<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid grey;">
<tr>
<th>Aspect</th>
<th>AAC</th>
<th>MP3</th>
<th>PCM WAV</td>
<th>Speex</th>
<th>Vorbis</th>
<th>WMA</th>
<th>Microformat?</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Lossless</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>No</td>
<td></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Lossy</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Streamable</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
</table>

=== Notes for Microformats ===
* Knowing whether audio data is streamable or not can affect pre-fetching. And can be a metric used when alternatives of the same file is given.
* Having audio data marked as lossy or lossless can be useful when alternatives of the same file is made.

== Playing Formats ==
Playing formats include:
* ASX
* Atom
* Atom+SMIL
* Atomic RSS
* Atomic RSS+SMIL
* Extended M3U
* HTML+Time
* iTunes RSS
* KPL
* M3U
* MAGMA
* Media RSS
* PLS
* RAM
* RSS 2.0
* SMIL
* WAX
* WVX

=== Playing Format Comparison Table ===
<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid grey;">
<tr>
<th>Aspect</th>
<th>ASX</th>
<th>Atom</th>
<th>Atom+SMIL</th>
<th>Atomic RSS</th>
<th>Atomic RSS+SMIL</th>
<th>Extended M3U</th>
<th>HTML+Time</th>
<th>iTunes RSS</th>
<th>Media RSS</th>
<th>M3U</td>
<th>RSS 2.0</th>
<th>Microformat?</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Alternatives Playing</td>
<td></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><smil:switch></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><media:group></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Parallel Playing</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Sequence Playing</td>
<td></td>
<td>if you consider the Atom file a show, then nothing. if you consider the Atom file an episode, then the list of <atom:entry>'s provides a sequence.</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><smil:seq></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>if you consider the RSS file a show, then nothing. if you consider the RSS file an episode, then the list of <item>'s provides a sequence.</td>
<td>if you consider the RSS file a show, then nothing. if you consider the RSS file an episode, then the list of <item>'s provides a sequence.</td>
<td>if you consider the M3U file a show, then nothing. if you consider the M3U file an episode, then the URL lines provide a sequence.</td>
<td>if you consider the RSS file a show, then nothing. if you consider the RSS file an episode, then the list of <item>'s provides a sequence.</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Pre-Fetching</td>
<td></td>
<td><link rel="enclosure" href="..." /></td>
<td><ul><li style="white-space:pre;"><link rel="enclosure" href="..." /></li><li><smil:prefetch></li></ul></td>
<td><link rel="enclosure" href="..." /></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><enclosure></td>
<td><media:content></td>
<td>The M3U format is just list of URL's, with each URL on its own line. Pre-Fetching would be accomplished by just added a URL to the list.</td>
<td><enclosure></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">[[rel-enclosure]]</td>
</tr>
</table>

== Raster Graphic Formats ==
Raster graphic formats include:
* GIF
* PNG
* JPEG

== Vector Graphic Formats ==
Vector graphic formats include:
* SVG

= Formats & Protocols =

== AAC ==
AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) is a lossy audio format. Like MP3, AAC is part of the MPEG standard. Since April 2003, AAC has become an integral part of Apple's iPod and iTunes products. This association between AAC and Apple has become so strong among some that AAC is also sometimes call Apple Audio Codec.

References:
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding

== ASF ==
ASF is an Audio/Video format. ASF files that contain only audio data are typically called WMA files.

References:
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Streaming_Format

== Atom ==
Atom is a XML-based syndication format that was developed by certain members of the RSS community.

References:
* http://atomenabled.org/developers/syndication/
* [http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3339.html RFC 3339]

== Atom+SMIL ==
Atom+SMIL is Atom with SMIL used in the <atom:content>.

(This was originally used by [http://changelog.ca/ Charles Iliya Krempeaux] for "Internet TV". Also see Atomic RSS+SMIL)

== Atomic RSS ==
Atomic RSS is a syndication format that is RSS with Atom used as an extension module.

References:
* http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/200x/2005/07/27/Atomic-RSS

== Atomic RSS+SMIL ==
Atomic RSS+SMIL is Atomic RSS with SMIL use in the <atom:content>.

(This was originally used by [http://changelog.ca/ Charles Iliya Krempeaux] for "Internet TV".)

== AVI ==
AVI is a container format for Audio/Video formats.

References:
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AVI

== B4S ==
B4S is a playlist format.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#B4S

== BitTorrent ==
BitTorrent is a P2P protocol.

References:
* http://www.bittorrent.com/protocol.html
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bittorrent
* http://wiki.theory.org/BitTorrentFAQ

== Creative Commons RDF ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#Creative

== DAAP ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#DAAP

== Extended M3U ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#M3U
* http://hanna.pyxidis.org/tech/m3u.html
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3U

== FLAC ==
Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC)
* http://flac.sourceforge.net/

== GIF ==
GIF is a raster graphics format and a movie format.

== HTML+Time ==

References:
* http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-HTMLplusTIME
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#HTML

== HTTP ==

References:
* http://www.w3.org/Protocols/

== iTunes Library ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#iTunes

== iTunes RSS ==

References:
* http://www.apple.com/itunes/podcasts/techspecs.html

== JPEG ==
JPEG is a raster graphics format.

== Kapsule ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#Kapsule

== KPL ==
KPL is a playlist format.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#KPL

== M3U ==
M3U is a playlist format.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#M3U

== MAGMA ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#MAGMA

== Media RSS ==
Media RSS is a syndication format that is RSS with the addition of the Media RSS Module.

== MKV/MKA ==
Matroska MKV/MKA are video and audio containers, respectively.
* http://www.matroska.org/

== MNG ==
MNG is a Video format.

== MP3 ==
MP3 is an Audio format.

== MPEG ==
ASF is an Audio/Video format.

== MusicBrainz ==

References:
* [http://www.MusicBrainz.org MusicBrainz.org]
* [http://wiki.musicbrainz.org MusicBrainz wiki]
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#musicbrainz

== Ogg ==
Ogg is a media container format.

References:
* http://xiph.org/ogg/
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogg
* [http://xiph.org/ogg/doc/rfc3533.txt RFC 3533] - The Ogg Encapsulation Format Version 0
* [http://xiph.org/ogg/doc/rfc3534.txt RFC 3534] - The application/ogg Media Type

== PLS ==
PLS is a playlist format.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#PLS
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PLS_(file_format)

== RAM ==
RAM is a playlist format.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#RAM

== RSS 2.0 ==
RSS 2.0 is the defacto standard syndication format.

References:
* http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/RSS

== RTSP ==

References:
* http://www.rtsp.org/
* [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1889.txt RFC 1889]
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Time_Streaming_Protocol

== SMIL ==

References:
* http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/

== Speex ==

References:
* http://www.speex.org/

== SVG ==
SVG is a vector graphics format.

== Theora ==
Theora is an Audio/Video format/

References:
* http://www.theora.org/
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora

== Vorbis ==
Vorbis is an Audio format.

References:
* http://xiph.org/vorbis/
* http://vorbis.com/
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorbis

== WAX ==
WAX is an SGML-based playlist for that looks exactly like ASX and WVX, except that it can only reference to ASF or WMA, but NOT to WMV files.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#WAX

== WMA ==
WMA is an Audio format.

References:
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Audio

== WMV ==
WMV is an Audio/Video format.

References:
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Video

== WVX ==
WVX is an SGML-based playlist format that looks exactly like ASX and WAX, except that it can reference ASF, WMA, and WMV media files.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#WVX

= Comments =

* See separate [[media-metadata-issues]] document.

= See Also =

* [[video-metadata-models]]

User:WinningHam

2007-01-11T08:24:12Z

WinningHam: yay! me!

seeAlso: http://winningham.googlepages.com

video-metadata-model

2007-01-10T06:05:10Z

WinningHam: /* Suggested Core Elements */ Added XSPF "Clip" extension example

= Video metadata model =

__TOC__

== Author(s) ==
* Lisa Rein - Bloqx, lisa@lisarein.com
* Thomas Winningham

== Getting Started On A Harmonized Video Metadata Model ==

=== The Problem Space ===

Currently, video objects are very hard to search for on the web. There a lack of a simple taxonomy for users to implement, and most of the technology used to derive meaning is basically dependent on what text is available from a corresponding web page.

With the emergence of video tools that both allow for some information to be embedded within the files themselves and/or prompt a user to enter such metadata before the file is generated, it is more important than ever to attempt to construct a core set of elements to facilitate metadata interoperability.

Perhaps a vocabulary based on the information that can be derived from the object itself, while also providing a framework for users to include additional data about a media object, if so desired, would be most useful.

This number one goal of this vocabulary would be to enable metadata compatibility between both existing and new types of services and applications. An element set that could be used by many different variations of metadata-based applications and services.

The idea is to create a practical, easy-to-use element set that can both be implemented quickly by software developers and archivists, while also being intuitive to artists, photographers, film makers etc. A metadata system that makes sense to artists will encourage them to become more involved and add more information about their works.

One starting point could be to begin with a dc-compatible subset that is already in use by numerous applications (and that, by definition, ensures compatibility with all W3C Metadata Formats), and build from there a larger framework capable of encompassing all media objects.

Every attempt should be made to be compatible with the following vocabularies, and, most likely, several others: Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, SMIL (Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language), Media RSS, and the Internet Archive's metadata format.

=== Existing Video Metadata Archive Vocabularies ===

==== DCMI ====
Dublin Core Metadata Element Set 
http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/

The Dublin Core metadata element set is a standard for cross-domain information resource description. Here an information resource is defined to be "anything that has identity". This is the definition used in Internet RFC 2396, "Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax", by Tim Berners-Lee et al. There are no fundamental restrictions to the types of resources to which Dublin Core metadata can be assigned.

==== Media RSS ====
http://search.yahoo.com/mrss

Media RSS is a vocabulary for use with RSS 2.0s "enclosure" element to enable more detailed metadata to be included with media object syndication. (Note: You will need an enclosure-aware RSS reader to take advantage of the content within RSS 2.0 Enclosures. >br>
FireANT http://www.antisnottv.net/?q=download is one such RSS reader.

==== SMIL (Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language) ====
http://www.w3.org/TR/SMIL/ 
http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20050107/metadata.html#q6 

SMIL is a W3C Recommendation for an XML-based language for expressing the properties of largely web-based multimedia presentations. SMIL includes temporal behavior, methods for associating hyperlinks with a media object, and describing layout presentation on a screen. 
(Scalable Vector Graphics SVG - note that it can be used to draw video boxes 
http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/metadata.html#MetadataElement) 

==== OurMedia ====
http://www.ourmedia.org/tools 
OurMedia provides hosting for user generated media. OurMedia's metadata format conforms to the Internet Archive's metadata format.

==== Shared Online Media Archive (SOMA) ====
http://soma-dev.sourceforge.net/ 
[http://soma-dev.sourceforge.net/ SOMA] is a draft metadata standard for the exchange of metadata for multimedia files between members. It is based on [http://dublincore.org/ Dublin Core 1.1] as well as [http://mokk.bme.hu/mediatervezo/targyak/metainfo/tech_t3293.pdf EBU Tech 3273].

==== The Showcase ====
http://showcase.commedia.org.uk/ 
[http://showcase.commedia.org.uk/ The Showcase] is an online media archive of streaming audio, video and web by individuals and organisations from around the UK and worldwide that was launched in 2003 and implements the [http://soma-dev.sourceforge.net/ SOMA] metadata standard.

==== Internet Archive ====
- Movie Database Metadata Format 
http://www.archive.org/details/movies 
The Internet Archive is an attempt at archiving everything on the web, and really, all text and documentation, whether or not it was ever meant to be on the web. The Moving Images archive provides users with the ability to upload their own films and associate some very simple metadata with the files to provide for better search.

==== MIDI Time Code (MTC), based on SMPTE Time Code ====
http://www.borg.com/~jglatt/tech/mtc.htm 
[http://www.borg.com/~jglatt/tech/mtc.htm MIDI Time Code (MTC)] is a low-level binary format spoken by many software packages and MIDI devices. From movie score composition and live theatrical events to home recording, this is in widespread use, and SMPTE is referenced by MPEG7. In order to do broadcast engineering, precise control over time, punch in/out, and cue points, are all a part of this specification.

==== Creative Commons ====
http://www.creativecommons.org 
Creative Commons provides a set of alternative copyright licenses and a metadata format for expressing the terms of those licenses.

=== Compatibility Table ===

It is important that any newly-emerging video metadata format be compatible with the metadata formats already in extensive use within existing media archives.

Some of these, such as the Internet Archive's format, were designed to be compatible with the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, so compatibility is easy. Others use different names, but the models are similar, and so it is simple to do a one-to-one mapping between the varying elements.

<table border="1" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2">
<tr><th>Bloqx Element</th><th>Description</th><th>Dublin Core</th><th>Media RSS</th><th>SMIL</th><th>Internet Archive</th></tr>
<tr><th>identifier</th><td>The URL of the movie (video object).</td><th>identifier</th><th>the "url" attribute of the "content" element</th><th>resource</th><th>link</th></tr>
<tr><th>title</th><td>The name of the movie.</td><th>title</th><th>title</th><th>title</th><th>title</th></tr>
<tr><th>creator</th><td>The creator of the movie.</td><th>creator</th><th>tbd</th><th>creator</th><th>creator</th></tr>
<tr><th>date</th><td>Date that the movie was created -- could also be date the movie was uploaded and made available via a URL. DCMI Best Practice to use the ISO 8601 profile for date format: YYYY-MM-DD.</td><th>date</th><th>tbd</th><th>date</th><th>date (contains year eg: "2004"), also "publicdate" in the correct format. Our "date" seems that it is more compatible with "publicdate."</th></tr>
<tr><th>format</th><td>The format of the video file: Quicktime, Windows Media, MPEG, etc. (Mime type)</td><th>format</th><th>"type" attribute of the "content" element</th><th>format</th><th>format</th></tr>
<tr><th>rights</th><td>A URL for a text-based explanation of the movie's licensing terms.</td><th>rights</th><th>tbd</th><th>rights (contains text description rather than a url)</th><th>licenseurl</th></tr>

<tr><th>subject</th><td>A set of keywords describing the topic of the movie.</td><th>subject</th><th>tbd</th><th>subject</th><th>subject</th></tr>

<tr><th>description</th><td>Provides a text-based description of the movie.</td><th>description</th><th>description</th><th>description</th><th>description</th></tr>

</table>

=== Other Compatibility Considerations ===

It would be a good idea to consider designing our model to be compatible with most audio and still picture metadata formats, since it is likely that these types of objects would be generated and associated with the video objects we are describing. Also, one might want to compare the soundtrack information of a .mov file with that of an .mp3, etc.. For these reasons, it will be important to maintain one to one element relationships between the semantics of the different vocabularies whenever possible. Some of these formats include the Flickr, itunes, the Internet Archive's audio archive format.

The following is a list of the various elements that could be contained in a video metadata file.

At minimum, a metadata entry would contain the URL of the movie file (identifier), the date the URL was submitted (date), and the name of the person who submitted the metadata (uploader or creator).

The date and name can be added automatically, because, theoretically, a user would have to be logged in to enter metadata.

The below list represents one possible "core" subset of elements for more simple implementations. A more detailed description of elements is also provided after the list itself.

=== Suggested Core Elements ===

1. identifier (dc)

The URL of the movie file.

2. title (dc)

The title of the movie.

3. creator (dc)

The creator of the movie.

4. date (dc)

Date that the movie was uploaded (made available via a URL).

This value is automatically added when the metadata is initially entered into the service.

DCMI Recommended Best Practice is to use the ISO 8601 profile for date format: YYYY-MM-DD.

5. subject (dc)

A list of keywords describing the content of the movie. (This is where subject words of a formal classification scheme would be used.)

6. format (dc)

Format of the video file: Quicktime, Windows Media, etc. DCMI Recommended Best Practice is to use MIME type information.

7. rights (dc)

A URL to a text-based description of the movie's licensing terms.

8. description - used as a container for "abstract"

9. comment

10. latitude

11. longitude

12. contributor (dc)

A person or organization who has contributed to the content of the resource.

13. rightsholder (dc)

A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Recommended best practice is to use the URI or name of the Rights Holder to indicate the entity.

14. filesize

15. filename

16. duration

17. hash

A SHA-1 Hash value for the file.

18. clip / time control

A portion of the playback, only.
From SMIL 2.1:
begin, dur, end, min, max, marker, clock-value, par, etc
seeAlso:
http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20051213/smil-timing.html

=== Other optional elements could include ===

- codec (Sorensen, etc.) - person - image (for that person) - director - producer - aspectradio - framerate - number of audio channels - sample rate

== See Also ==

* [[media-metadata-examples]], as the follow metadata appears entirely consistent with that usage as well.

[[Category:NewTube]]

video-metadata-model

2007-01-10T05:53:50Z

WinningHam: /* Author(s) */

= Video metadata model =

__TOC__

== Author(s) ==
* Lisa Rein - Bloqx, lisa@lisarein.com
* Thomas Winningham

== Getting Started On A Harmonized Video Metadata Model ==

=== The Problem Space ===

Currently, video objects are very hard to search for on the web. There a lack of a simple taxonomy for users to implement, and most of the technology used to derive meaning is basically dependent on what text is available from a corresponding web page.

With the emergence of video tools that both allow for some information to be embedded within the files themselves and/or prompt a user to enter such metadata before the file is generated, it is more important than ever to attempt to construct a core set of elements to facilitate metadata interoperability.

Perhaps a vocabulary based on the information that can be derived from the object itself, while also providing a framework for users to include additional data about a media object, if so desired, would be most useful.

This number one goal of this vocabulary would be to enable metadata compatibility between both existing and new types of services and applications. An element set that could be used by many different variations of metadata-based applications and services.

The idea is to create a practical, easy-to-use element set that can both be implemented quickly by software developers and archivists, while also being intuitive to artists, photographers, film makers etc. A metadata system that makes sense to artists will encourage them to become more involved and add more information about their works.

One starting point could be to begin with a dc-compatible subset that is already in use by numerous applications (and that, by definition, ensures compatibility with all W3C Metadata Formats), and build from there a larger framework capable of encompassing all media objects.

Every attempt should be made to be compatible with the following vocabularies, and, most likely, several others: Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, SMIL (Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language), Media RSS, and the Internet Archive's metadata format.

=== Existing Video Metadata Archive Vocabularies ===

==== DCMI ====
Dublin Core Metadata Element Set 
http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/

The Dublin Core metadata element set is a standard for cross-domain information resource description. Here an information resource is defined to be "anything that has identity". This is the definition used in Internet RFC 2396, "Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax", by Tim Berners-Lee et al. There are no fundamental restrictions to the types of resources to which Dublin Core metadata can be assigned.

==== Media RSS ====
http://search.yahoo.com/mrss

Media RSS is a vocabulary for use with RSS 2.0s "enclosure" element to enable more detailed metadata to be included with media object syndication. (Note: You will need an enclosure-aware RSS reader to take advantage of the content within RSS 2.0 Enclosures. >br>
FireANT http://www.antisnottv.net/?q=download is one such RSS reader.

==== SMIL (Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language) ====
http://www.w3.org/TR/SMIL/ 
http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20050107/metadata.html#q6 

SMIL is a W3C Recommendation for an XML-based language for expressing the properties of largely web-based multimedia presentations. SMIL includes temporal behavior, methods for associating hyperlinks with a media object, and describing layout presentation on a screen. 
(Scalable Vector Graphics SVG - note that it can be used to draw video boxes 
http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/metadata.html#MetadataElement) 

==== OurMedia ====
http://www.ourmedia.org/tools 
OurMedia provides hosting for user generated media. OurMedia's metadata format conforms to the Internet Archive's metadata format.

==== Shared Online Media Archive (SOMA) ====
http://soma-dev.sourceforge.net/ 
[http://soma-dev.sourceforge.net/ SOMA] is a draft metadata standard for the exchange of metadata for multimedia files between members. It is based on [http://dublincore.org/ Dublin Core 1.1] as well as [http://mokk.bme.hu/mediatervezo/targyak/metainfo/tech_t3293.pdf EBU Tech 3273].

==== The Showcase ====
http://showcase.commedia.org.uk/ 
[http://showcase.commedia.org.uk/ The Showcase] is an online media archive of streaming audio, video and web by individuals and organisations from around the UK and worldwide that was launched in 2003 and implements the [http://soma-dev.sourceforge.net/ SOMA] metadata standard.

==== Internet Archive ====
- Movie Database Metadata Format 
http://www.archive.org/details/movies 
The Internet Archive is an attempt at archiving everything on the web, and really, all text and documentation, whether or not it was ever meant to be on the web. The Moving Images archive provides users with the ability to upload their own films and associate some very simple metadata with the files to provide for better search.

==== MIDI Time Code (MTC), based on SMPTE Time Code ====
http://www.borg.com/~jglatt/tech/mtc.htm 
[http://www.borg.com/~jglatt/tech/mtc.htm MIDI Time Code (MTC)] is a low-level binary format spoken by many software packages and MIDI devices. From movie score composition and live theatrical events to home recording, this is in widespread use, and SMPTE is referenced by MPEG7. In order to do broadcast engineering, precise control over time, punch in/out, and cue points, are all a part of this specification.

==== Creative Commons ====
http://www.creativecommons.org 
Creative Commons provides a set of alternative copyright licenses and a metadata format for expressing the terms of those licenses.

=== Compatibility Table ===

It is important that any newly-emerging video metadata format be compatible with the metadata formats already in extensive use within existing media archives.

Some of these, such as the Internet Archive's format, were designed to be compatible with the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, so compatibility is easy. Others use different names, but the models are similar, and so it is simple to do a one-to-one mapping between the varying elements.

<table border="1" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2">
<tr><th>Bloqx Element</th><th>Description</th><th>Dublin Core</th><th>Media RSS</th><th>SMIL</th><th>Internet Archive</th></tr>
<tr><th>identifier</th><td>The URL of the movie (video object).</td><th>identifier</th><th>the "url" attribute of the "content" element</th><th>resource</th><th>link</th></tr>
<tr><th>title</th><td>The name of the movie.</td><th>title</th><th>title</th><th>title</th><th>title</th></tr>
<tr><th>creator</th><td>The creator of the movie.</td><th>creator</th><th>tbd</th><th>creator</th><th>creator</th></tr>
<tr><th>date</th><td>Date that the movie was created -- could also be date the movie was uploaded and made available via a URL. DCMI Best Practice to use the ISO 8601 profile for date format: YYYY-MM-DD.</td><th>date</th><th>tbd</th><th>date</th><th>date (contains year eg: "2004"), also "publicdate" in the correct format. Our "date" seems that it is more compatible with "publicdate."</th></tr>
<tr><th>format</th><td>The format of the video file: Quicktime, Windows Media, MPEG, etc. (Mime type)</td><th>format</th><th>"type" attribute of the "content" element</th><th>format</th><th>format</th></tr>
<tr><th>rights</th><td>A URL for a text-based explanation of the movie's licensing terms.</td><th>rights</th><th>tbd</th><th>rights (contains text description rather than a url)</th><th>licenseurl</th></tr>

<tr><th>subject</th><td>A set of keywords describing the topic of the movie.</td><th>subject</th><th>tbd</th><th>subject</th><th>subject</th></tr>

<tr><th>description</th><td>Provides a text-based description of the movie.</td><th>description</th><th>description</th><th>description</th><th>description</th></tr>

</table>

=== Other Compatibility Considerations ===

It would be a good idea to consider designing our model to be compatible with most audio and still picture metadata formats, since it is likely that these types of objects would be generated and associated with the video objects we are describing. Also, one might want to compare the soundtrack information of a .mov file with that of an .mp3, etc.. For these reasons, it will be important to maintain one to one element relationships between the semantics of the different vocabularies whenever possible. Some of these formats include the Flickr, itunes, the Internet Archive's audio archive format.

The following is a list of the various elements that could be contained in a video metadata file.

At minimum, a metadata entry would contain the URL of the movie file (identifier), the date the URL was submitted (date), and the name of the person who submitted the metadata (uploader or creator).

The date and name can be added automatically, because, theoretically, a user would have to be logged in to enter metadata.

The below list represents one possible "core" subset of elements for more simple implementations. A more detailed description of elements is also provided after the list itself.

=== Suggested Core Elements ===

1. identifier (dc)

The URL of the movie file.

2. title (dc)

The title of the movie.

3. creator (dc)

The creator of the movie.

4. date (dc)

Date that the movie was uploaded (made available via a URL).

This value is automatically added when the metadata is initially entered into the service.

DCMI Recommended Best Practice is to use the ISO 8601 profile for date format: YYYY-MM-DD.

5. subject (dc)

A list of keywords describing the content of the movie. (This is where subject words of a formal classification scheme would be used.)

6. format (dc)

Format of the video file: Quicktime, Windows Media, etc. DCMI Recommended Best Practice is to use MIME type information.

7. rights (dc)

A URL to a text-based description of the movie's licensing terms.

8. description - used as a container for "abstract"

9. comment

10. latitude

11. longitude

12. contributor (dc)

A person or organization who has contributed to the content of the resource.

13. rightsholder (dc)

A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Recommended best practice is to use the URI or name of the Rights Holder to indicate the entity.

14. filesize

15. filename

16. duration

17. hash

A SHA-1 Hash value for the file.

=== Other optional elements could include ===

- codec (Sorensen, etc.) - person - image (for that person) - director - producer - aspectradio - framerate - number of audio channels - sample rate

== See Also ==

* [[media-metadata-examples]], as the follow metadata appears entirely consistent with that usage as well.

[[Category:NewTube]]

video-metadata-model

2007-01-10T05:50:37Z

WinningHam: SMPTE and MTC

= Video metadata model =

__TOC__

== Author(s) ==
* Lisa Rein - Bloqx, lisa@lisarein.com

== Getting Started On A Harmonized Video Metadata Model ==

=== The Problem Space ===

Currently, video objects are very hard to search for on the web. There a lack of a simple taxonomy for users to implement, and most of the technology used to derive meaning is basically dependent on what text is available from a corresponding web page.

With the emergence of video tools that both allow for some information to be embedded within the files themselves and/or prompt a user to enter such metadata before the file is generated, it is more important than ever to attempt to construct a core set of elements to facilitate metadata interoperability.

Perhaps a vocabulary based on the information that can be derived from the object itself, while also providing a framework for users to include additional data about a media object, if so desired, would be most useful.

This number one goal of this vocabulary would be to enable metadata compatibility between both existing and new types of services and applications. An element set that could be used by many different variations of metadata-based applications and services.

The idea is to create a practical, easy-to-use element set that can both be implemented quickly by software developers and archivists, while also being intuitive to artists, photographers, film makers etc. A metadata system that makes sense to artists will encourage them to become more involved and add more information about their works.

One starting point could be to begin with a dc-compatible subset that is already in use by numerous applications (and that, by definition, ensures compatibility with all W3C Metadata Formats), and build from there a larger framework capable of encompassing all media objects.

Every attempt should be made to be compatible with the following vocabularies, and, most likely, several others: Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, SMIL (Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language), Media RSS, and the Internet Archive's metadata format.

=== Existing Video Metadata Archive Vocabularies ===

==== DCMI ====
Dublin Core Metadata Element Set 
http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/

The Dublin Core metadata element set is a standard for cross-domain information resource description. Here an information resource is defined to be "anything that has identity". This is the definition used in Internet RFC 2396, "Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax", by Tim Berners-Lee et al. There are no fundamental restrictions to the types of resources to which Dublin Core metadata can be assigned.

==== Media RSS ====
http://search.yahoo.com/mrss

Media RSS is a vocabulary for use with RSS 2.0s "enclosure" element to enable more detailed metadata to be included with media object syndication. (Note: You will need an enclosure-aware RSS reader to take advantage of the content within RSS 2.0 Enclosures. >br>
FireANT http://www.antisnottv.net/?q=download is one such RSS reader.

==== SMIL (Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language) ====
http://www.w3.org/TR/SMIL/ 
http://www.w3.org/TR/2005/REC-SMIL2-20050107/metadata.html#q6 

SMIL is a W3C Recommendation for an XML-based language for expressing the properties of largely web-based multimedia presentations. SMIL includes temporal behavior, methods for associating hyperlinks with a media object, and describing layout presentation on a screen. 
(Scalable Vector Graphics SVG - note that it can be used to draw video boxes 
http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/metadata.html#MetadataElement) 

==== OurMedia ====
http://www.ourmedia.org/tools 
OurMedia provides hosting for user generated media. OurMedia's metadata format conforms to the Internet Archive's metadata format.

==== Shared Online Media Archive (SOMA) ====
http://soma-dev.sourceforge.net/ 
[http://soma-dev.sourceforge.net/ SOMA] is a draft metadata standard for the exchange of metadata for multimedia files between members. It is based on [http://dublincore.org/ Dublin Core 1.1] as well as [http://mokk.bme.hu/mediatervezo/targyak/metainfo/tech_t3293.pdf EBU Tech 3273].

==== The Showcase ====
http://showcase.commedia.org.uk/ 
[http://showcase.commedia.org.uk/ The Showcase] is an online media archive of streaming audio, video and web by individuals and organisations from around the UK and worldwide that was launched in 2003 and implements the [http://soma-dev.sourceforge.net/ SOMA] metadata standard.

==== Internet Archive ====
- Movie Database Metadata Format 
http://www.archive.org/details/movies 
The Internet Archive is an attempt at archiving everything on the web, and really, all text and documentation, whether or not it was ever meant to be on the web. The Moving Images archive provides users with the ability to upload their own films and associate some very simple metadata with the files to provide for better search.

==== MIDI Time Code (MTC), based on SMPTE Time Code ====
http://www.borg.com/~jglatt/tech/mtc.htm 
[http://www.borg.com/~jglatt/tech/mtc.htm MIDI Time Code (MTC)] is a low-level binary format spoken by many software packages and MIDI devices. From movie score composition and live theatrical events to home recording, this is in widespread use, and SMPTE is referenced by MPEG7. In order to do broadcast engineering, precise control over time, punch in/out, and cue points, are all a part of this specification.

==== Creative Commons ====
http://www.creativecommons.org 
Creative Commons provides a set of alternative copyright licenses and a metadata format for expressing the terms of those licenses.

=== Compatibility Table ===

It is important that any newly-emerging video metadata format be compatible with the metadata formats already in extensive use within existing media archives.

Some of these, such as the Internet Archive's format, were designed to be compatible with the Dublin Core Metadata Element Set, so compatibility is easy. Others use different names, but the models are similar, and so it is simple to do a one-to-one mapping between the varying elements.

<table border="1" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2">
<tr><th>Bloqx Element</th><th>Description</th><th>Dublin Core</th><th>Media RSS</th><th>SMIL</th><th>Internet Archive</th></tr>
<tr><th>identifier</th><td>The URL of the movie (video object).</td><th>identifier</th><th>the "url" attribute of the "content" element</th><th>resource</th><th>link</th></tr>
<tr><th>title</th><td>The name of the movie.</td><th>title</th><th>title</th><th>title</th><th>title</th></tr>
<tr><th>creator</th><td>The creator of the movie.</td><th>creator</th><th>tbd</th><th>creator</th><th>creator</th></tr>
<tr><th>date</th><td>Date that the movie was created -- could also be date the movie was uploaded and made available via a URL. DCMI Best Practice to use the ISO 8601 profile for date format: YYYY-MM-DD.</td><th>date</th><th>tbd</th><th>date</th><th>date (contains year eg: "2004"), also "publicdate" in the correct format. Our "date" seems that it is more compatible with "publicdate."</th></tr>
<tr><th>format</th><td>The format of the video file: Quicktime, Windows Media, MPEG, etc. (Mime type)</td><th>format</th><th>"type" attribute of the "content" element</th><th>format</th><th>format</th></tr>
<tr><th>rights</th><td>A URL for a text-based explanation of the movie's licensing terms.</td><th>rights</th><th>tbd</th><th>rights (contains text description rather than a url)</th><th>licenseurl</th></tr>

<tr><th>subject</th><td>A set of keywords describing the topic of the movie.</td><th>subject</th><th>tbd</th><th>subject</th><th>subject</th></tr>

<tr><th>description</th><td>Provides a text-based description of the movie.</td><th>description</th><th>description</th><th>description</th><th>description</th></tr>

</table>

=== Other Compatibility Considerations ===

It would be a good idea to consider designing our model to be compatible with most audio and still picture metadata formats, since it is likely that these types of objects would be generated and associated with the video objects we are describing. Also, one might want to compare the soundtrack information of a .mov file with that of an .mp3, etc.. For these reasons, it will be important to maintain one to one element relationships between the semantics of the different vocabularies whenever possible. Some of these formats include the Flickr, itunes, the Internet Archive's audio archive format.

The following is a list of the various elements that could be contained in a video metadata file.

At minimum, a metadata entry would contain the URL of the movie file (identifier), the date the URL was submitted (date), and the name of the person who submitted the metadata (uploader or creator).

The date and name can be added automatically, because, theoretically, a user would have to be logged in to enter metadata.

The below list represents one possible "core" subset of elements for more simple implementations. A more detailed description of elements is also provided after the list itself.

=== Suggested Core Elements ===

1. identifier (dc)

The URL of the movie file.

2. title (dc)

The title of the movie.

3. creator (dc)

The creator of the movie.

4. date (dc)

Date that the movie was uploaded (made available via a URL).

This value is automatically added when the metadata is initially entered into the service.

DCMI Recommended Best Practice is to use the ISO 8601 profile for date format: YYYY-MM-DD.

5. subject (dc)

A list of keywords describing the content of the movie. (This is where subject words of a formal classification scheme would be used.)

6. format (dc)

Format of the video file: Quicktime, Windows Media, etc. DCMI Recommended Best Practice is to use MIME type information.

7. rights (dc)

A URL to a text-based description of the movie's licensing terms.

8. description - used as a container for "abstract"

9. comment

10. latitude

11. longitude

12. contributor (dc)

A person or organization who has contributed to the content of the resource.

13. rightsholder (dc)

A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource. Recommended best practice is to use the URI or name of the Rights Holder to indicate the entity.

14. filesize

15. filename

16. duration

17. hash

A SHA-1 Hash value for the file.

=== Other optional elements could include ===

- codec (Sorensen, etc.) - person - image (for that person) - director - producer - aspectradio - framerate - number of audio channels - sample rate

== See Also ==

* [[media-metadata-examples]], as the follow metadata appears entirely consistent with that usage as well.

[[Category:NewTube]]

media-metadata-examples

2007-01-10T05:17:46Z

WinningHam: forgot name add

This is an exploratory page to be used for storage of various multimedia data and metadata profiles, formats, and practices currently in use around the web. As this is a very, very early exploration, we should include as many types of multimedia as possible in the opening discussion - but please be sure to place your information in the correct portion of this page.

= Purpose of this exploration (or : The Problem) =

The purpose of the studies on this page is to determine the feasibility and demand for a flexible, semantic markup format for multimedia related paradigms.

This includes such things as:
<ul>
<li>Providing metadata alongside linked multimedia files.Typically, multimedia metadata is stored within the header of the media file itself - which has massive implications for any application where metadata is to be indexed, searched, or made externally accessible. Of course, even if you could easily access the correct portions of a media file remotely, you'd still have to cope with a multitude of open and proprietary metadata formats, each with it's own distinct fieldset, nomenclature and storage method.
</li>
<li>What is called: Internet TV, IPTV, [http://newtube.org/ NewTube], vlogging, vidblogging, vidlogging, vodcasting, etc.</li>
<li>What is called: Podcasting, IPradio, etc.</li>
</ul>

This study aims to make a start at solving this problem.

== Contributors ==

These folks have contributed real-world examples and research to this document, and are interested in helping with a solution.

* Christopher Allen
* Dougal Campbell
* Dr. Ernie
* Rohit Khare
* Ryan King
* Kevin Marks
* Lisa Rein
* Dan Glegg
* Chris Messina
* [http://changelog.ca/ Charles Iliya Krempeaux]
* Thomas Winningham

If you contribute new real-world examples or research, and wish to help with a solution, please add your name as well.

= Examples on the Web today =

Below is a list of strawman models based on real work examples. (Links to actual examples have been omitted since many of them have been found on adult sites, and it is believed that it would be inappropriate to list these here. -- [[User:Charles|Charles]])

=== Show Strawman #1 ===
Single clip with a preview image. The clip is the full show.
<nowiki>
<a href="clip.mpeg"><img src="preview.png" /></a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #2 ===
Single clip with a preview image. The clip is the teaser of the
full show. And there is a link that you can go to pay to see the full
show.
<nowiki>
<a href="teaser.mpeg"><img src="preview.png" /></a>

<a href="http://example.com/go">Pay to View</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #3 ===
A show divided up in multiple clips, each with a preview image.
Together the clips make up the show.
<nowiki>
<a href="clip-1.mpg"><img src="preview-1.png" /></a>

<a href="clip-2.mpg"><img src="preview-2.png" /></a>

<a href="clip-3.mpg"><img src="preview-3.png" /></a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #4 ===
A set of teasers for a show. Together they don't make up the full
show. And the may or may not overlap in time. There's a "Pay to
View" link there too.
<nowiki>
<a href="clip-blue.mpg"><img src="preview-blue.png" /></a>

<a href="clip-red.mpg"><img src="preview-red.png" /></a>

<a href="clip-green.mpg"><img src="preview-green.png" /></a>

<a href="http://example.com/go">Pay to View</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #5 ===
A single clip that comes in different formats. (Could be a
teaser, a clip, or a full show.)
<nowiki>
<img src="preview.png" />
<a href="clip.mpg">MPEG</a>
<a href="clip.ogm">Ogg</a>
<a href="clip.avi">AVI</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #6 ===
A single preview image with the show given in 2 different methods. The first is the show broken up into a series of pieces (which makes it easier to download.) And the second is the full show in one file
<nowiki>
<img src="preview.png" />

<a href="part-1.mpg">[1]</a>
<a href="part-2.mpg">[2]</a>
<a href="part-3.mpg">[3]</a>

<a href="full.mpg">full</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #7 ===
A single clip with a preview image. The title of the show is given with an image (and thus the actual machine-readable title is the ''alt attribute'' of the image) and is linked with the main URL for the show. There's also a link to older episodes of the show.
<nowiki>
<a href="..."><img src="the-name-of-the-show-png" alt="The Name of the Show" /></a>

<a href="episode123-clip.mpeg"><img src="episode123-preview.png" /></a>

<a href="older-shows">older shows</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #8 ===
A series of clips with preview images. The title of the show is given with an image (and thus the actual machine-readable title is the ''alt attribute'' of the image) and is linked with the main URL for the show. There's also a links to older and news episodes of the show.
<nowiki>
<a href="..."><img src="the-name-of-the-show-png" alt="The Name of the Show" /></a>

<a href="episode123-clip.mpeg"><img src="episode123-preview.png" /></a>
<a href="episode122-clip.mpeg"><img src="episode122-preview.png" /></a>
<a href="episode121-clip.mpeg"><img src="episode121-preview.png" /></a>
<a href="episode120-clip.mpeg"><img src="episode120-preview.png" /></a>

<a href="newer-shows">[next]</a>
<a href="older-shows">[previous]</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #9 ===
A series of preview images. The title of the show is given in text. A link to all the show's files via a torrent. Other metadata is also typically included too, in plain text; some is shown here. Also, sometimes metadata is put in the description.
<nowiki>
The Name of the Show

<img src="preview1.png" />
<img src="preview2.png" />

<a href="show.torrent">...</a>

Torrent Info Hash: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Description: blah blah blah .... here some URLs to previews...
blah blah blah .... this is 24 fps
blah blah blah

Content: tag1, tag2, tag3

Resolution: 320px x 240px

Run Time: 24mins 57secs

Size: 125.42 MB (131,509,108 bytes)

Type: Movie Clip

Published/Uploaded By: someone

<a href="...">Link to page with list of files in torrent</a>
<a href="...">Link to page with list of people on the torrent</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #10 ===
An embedded object citing a specific plugin, or simply a link to the media itself, as an object parameter. The rest of the parameters include plugin OR media-specific metadata, and any URIs used are usually unique to the media content.

<nowiki>
<object
width='400' height='326' type='application/x-shockwave-flash'
data='http://video.google.com/googleplayer.swf?docId=3807826142091223684&hl=en'>
<param name='allowScriptAccess' value='never' />
<param name='movie'
value='http://video.google.com/googleplayer.swf?docId=3807826142091223684&hl=en'/>
<param name='quality' value='best'/>
<param name='bgcolor' value='#ffffff' />
<param name='scale' value='noScale' />
<param name='wmode' value='window'/>
</object>
</nowiki>

or:

<nowiki>
<embed
src="http://media.revver.com/qt;sharer=14854/137027.mov"
pluginspage="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/"
scale="tofit" kioskmode="false"
qtsrc="http://media.revver.com/qt;sharer=14854/137027.mov"
cache="false" controller="true" type="video/quicktime" autoplay="true" height="272" width="320">
</nowiki>

= Current / Previous Standards =

== Still image ==

* [http://www.exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF EXIF]
* [http://www.tasi.ac.uk/2000/09/rdfmeta/ RDF for self-describing images]
* [http://archive.dstc.edu.au/RDU/staff/jane-hunter/PNG/paper.html An Indexing and Querying System for Online Images Based on the PNG Format and Embedded Metadata]
* [http://www.w3.org/TR/photo-rdf/ Describing and retrieving photos using RDF and HTTP]
* [http://www.pheed.com/pheed/ Pheed RSS extension for photo syndication]

== Audio Metadata Formats ==

* [http://www.id3.org/ ID3v2]

* iTunes
** Album : String
** Artist : String
** Beats Per Minute : Number
** Bit Rate : Number
** Comment : Blob
** Composer : String
** Genre : String or Foreign ID
** Disc Number : Number
** Kind : Proprietary - could be implimented as MIME type
** My Rating : Number < 5 (actually an integer from the range 0-100. 1-5 "stars" implemented by incrementing by 20)
** Sample Rate : Number
** Size : Number
** Time : Number
** Track Number : Number
** Year : Number
**Additional metadata used internally by the application : Date Added (Timestamp), Date Modified (Timestamp), Equalizer (foreign ID), Play Count (Number), Grouping (Internal)
**Noteable absences : Tags, [[rel-license|License]], Copyright year. Also note common complaints about [http://www.everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=1707402 ID3 and classical music].

* [http://www.xspf.org/ XSPF] (see also [http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html A survey of playlist formats] and [http://www.xspf.org/xspf-v0.html The XSPF Playlist Format, version 0])
** album
** creator
** duration
** info
** title
** trackNum

== Podcasts ==

* '''iTunes podcast:''' http://phobos.apple.com/static/podcast_specifications.pdf
(HTML version of spec: [http://labs.commerce.net/~rohit/How%20To%20Publish%20a%20Podcast%20on%20iTunes%20Music%20Store.html local archive], [http://labs.commerce.net/~rohit/iTunesRSS.html updated version from Apple Chapter Tool Beta docs], [http://phobos.apple.com/static/iTunesRSS.html online copy at Apple])

iTunes release 4.9 was widely heralded as an advance for mainstream acceptance of podcasting. However, while some advocates resist even the fragment of a trademarked name in the label for the phenomenon, the use of "itunes:" in the namespace is one of many design decisions in Apple's original specification that became focal points of debate. While Apple has a tradition of working on breakthrough features very quietly, they have been open to public input after its initial release. Many [http://daringfireball.net/2005/07/podcast_pocket other bloggers] have [http://usefulinc.com/edd/blog/contents/2005/06/28-rss-apple-itunes/read chronicled] [http://www.intertwingly.net/blog/2005/07/05/Insensitive-iTunes some of the feedback], as well as some [http://tantek.com/log/2005/07.html#d10t0130 face-to-face discussions].

A mailing list may be coming soon...

* '''Media RSS:''' http://search.yahoo.com/mrss

Media RSS has [http://www.ysearchblog.com/archives/000111.html been in the works longer], but doesn't have the overnight-adoption advantage of iTunes. However, it has a much broader ambit, including [http://www.ysearchblog.com/archives/000060.html video]; and a much broader [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/rss-media/ community of interest].

=== A Podcasting Microformat? ===

The best starting point for understanding these two proposals is [http://www.w3.org/2005/07/media-and-rss W3C's summary table, by Karl Dubost].

There are (at least) two paths to consider when 'porting' these proposals into Microformats:
# '''Standalone.''' What is the most straightforward rendering of each proposal into XHTML? This keeps the interests of the developers of ''consuming'' applications foremost: how can the migration be made as painless as possible?
# '''Refactored.''' Given the existing core of Microformats, what is the minimal (!) necessary to add on to RelLicense, RelTag, hReview, and so forth? This favors (we'd hope) content ''publishing'' applications: how can the marginal migration costs of adding media be made as painless as possible.

Mapping the existing specs requires understanding the data definitions set forth in each specification, and finding the optimal equivalents (where available). The following is a partial summary of one possible mapping:

==== Comparison Table ====

<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid grey;">
<tr>
<th>Aspect</th>
<th>Atom</th>
<th>iTunes RSS</th>
<th>Media RSS</th>
<th>M3U</td>
<th>RSS 2.0</th>
<th>Microformat?</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Authorship</td>
<td><ul><li><atom:author></li><li><atom:contributor></li></ul></td>
<td><ul><li><itunes:author></li><li><itunes:owner></li><li><itunes:name></li><li><itunes:email></li></ul></td>
<td><media:credit></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><copyright> <author> <source></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"><ul><li><cite></li><li>[[hcard|hCard]]</li><li>[[rel-author]]</li><li>[[rev-author]]</li><li><address></li></ul>need a way of specifying the role of the author or contributor.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Categorization</td>
<td><atom:category></td>
<td><itunes:category> <itunes:keywords></td>
<td><media:category></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><category></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">[[rel-tag]] - requires a way to do sub categories?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Description</td>
<td><atom:summary> <atom:content></td>
<td><itunes:subtitle> <itunes:summary></td>
<td><media:text></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><description></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">XHTML (e.g. <nowiki><blockquote></nowiki> )</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Licensing</td>
<td><atom:copyright> <atom:rights></td>
<td><itunes:block> <copyright> <link></td>
<td>Not explicitly mentioned</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><ttl></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">[[rel-license]]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Metadata</td>
<td></td>
<td><itunes:duration> <itunes:image></td>
<td><media:thumbnail> <media:hash> <pre><media:content
url="http://www.example.com/movie.mov"
fileSize="12216320"
type="video/quicktime"
isDefault="true"
expression="full"
bitrate="128"
framerate="25"
duration="185"
height="200"
width="300"
/></pre></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">needs a new microformat e.g., <dl><dt>proposal for duration</dt><dd><pre><abbr class="duration" title="00:27:35">
27 minutes, 35 seconds
</abbr></pre>
-- [[User:jkinberg|jkinberg]] 11:51, 19 Sept 2005 (PDT))
</dd></dl></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Preview</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td>For Video Media: <media:thumbnail> For Audio Media: nothing</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat for this
<dl><dt>proposal for video preview</dt><dd><pre><img class="preview" src="..." /></pre>
-- [[User:Charles|Charles]]
</dd></dl></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Rating</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><itunes:explicit></td>
<td><s><media:adult></s> <media:rating></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><rating></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">[[rel-tag]]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Title</td>
<td><atom:title> <atom:subtitle></td>
<td><itunes:subtitle> <title></td>
<td><media:title> <title></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><title></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">
<ul>
<li><h1>...</h1></li>
<li><h2>...<h2></li>
<li><h3>...</h3></li>
<li><h4>...</h4></li>
<li><h5>...</h5></li>
<li><h6>...</h6></li>
<li>title="..."</li>
<li>Microformats with class="title"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="7"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Show Concept</td>
<td><ul><li><atom:feed></li><li><link rel="self" href="..." /></li></ul></td>
<td><ul><li><channel></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td><ul><li><channel></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td>A M3U file.</td>
<td><ul><li><channel></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Episode Concept</td>
<td><ul><li><atom:entry></li><li><link rel="alternate" href="..." /></li></ul></td>
<td><ul><li><item></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td><ul><li><item></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td>A single URL line.</td>
<td><ul><li><item></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Media Concept</td>
<td><ul><li><atom:link rel="enclosure" href="..." /></li><li>also... dependent on type of data embedded in or referenced from <atom:content></li></ul></td>
<td><enclosure></td>
<td><media:content></td>
<td>Simply the inclusion of a URL on a line.</td>
<td><enclosure></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"><img> <a href=""> <object> <embed> </td>
</tr>
</table>

== Video ==
* [http://www.exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF EXIF] - (Yes, the spec deals with video taken by still cameras. -- RyanKing)
* [http://www.chiariglione.org/mpeg/standards/mpeg-7/mpeg-7.htm MPEG-7] - MPEG-7, formally named "Multimedia Content Description Interface", is a standard for describing the multimedia content data that supports some degree of interpretation of the information meaning, which can be passed onto, or accessed by, a device or a computer code. (Very powerful, but you have to pay for documentation -- [[User:ChristopherA|ChristopherA]] 01:53, 29 Jun 2005 (PDT))
* [http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/ SMIL] - Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL, pronounced "smile") enables simple authoring of interactive audiovisual presentations. (Not exactly video, but has a lot of useful video-related features in it. -- [[User:ChristopherA|ChristopherA]] 01:55, 29 Jun 2005 (PDT))
* [[video-metadata-model| Video Metadata Model - a starting point]]

== Interactive ==
* [http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/ SVG]
* [http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/ SMIL]
* QTVR?

== Offline Media ==
* [http://xspf.org XSPF] (media may be either offline or online)

=== Printed Publications (books/magazines) ===
* [http://amazon.com/ Amazon]

=== Movies ===
* [http://imdb.com/ IMDB]
* [http://amazon.com/ Amazon]

=== Music ===
* [http://freedb.org/ FreeDB]
* [http://musicbrainz.org/ MusicBrainz]
* [http://amazon.com/ Amazon]

== Container Formats ==
The purpose of container formats is to allow the muxing of multiple codecs into a single file or stream. For example, if you want audio, video, and text (subtitles) combined into a single stream.

The purpose of the muxing is for synchronization and so that you can stream the file and view it without having to jump around -- seek -- in the file.

Container formats include:
* AVI
* MPEG
* Ogg
* QuickTime

=== Container Format Comparison Table ===

<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid grey;">
<tr>
<th>Aspect</th>
<th>AVI</th>
<th>MPEG</th>
<th>Ogg</td>
<th>QuickTime</th>
<th>Microformat?</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Allows Audio</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Allows Video</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Allows Text</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Error Detection</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
</table>

=== Notes for Microformats ===
One of the problems with container formats is that it is often difficult and sometimes impossible to know the disposition of what they contain ahead of time (without reading the file).

For example, Ogg files use the MIME type application/ogg and generally use the extension .ogg. With only these 2 pieces of information, you cannot tell whether such an Ogg file contains video data or not.

There is room for a microformat to help with this. Perhaps something like:
<div style="font-family:monospace;white-space:pre;padding:1.5em;background-color:black;color:white;"><a class="moving-image" type="application/ogg" href="my.ogg">...</a></div>
Although, this can be done in other ways too. For example, using [http://changelog.ca/log/2005/08/21/rss-disposition-hinting-proposal disposition hinting] one could do something like:
<div style="font-family:monospace;white-space:pre;padding:1.5em;background-color:black;color:white;"><a type="application/ogg;disposition-type:moving-image" href="my.ogg">...</a></div>

Anothing thing for any Microformat to consider is that it may be the case that the data files that are muxed in the container format may also be offered in non-muxed forms. This is important when alternatives are offered.

== Audio Formats ==

Audio formats include:
* AAC
* MP3
* PCM WAV
* Speex
* Vorbis
* WMA

=== Audio Format Comparison Table ===

<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid grey;">
<tr>
<th>Aspect</th>
<th>AAC</th>
<th>MP3</th>
<th>PCM WAV</td>
<th>Speex</th>
<th>Vorbis</th>
<th>WMA</th>
<th>Microformat?</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Lossless</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>No</td>
<td></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Lossy</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Streamable</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
</table>

=== Notes for Microformats ===
* Knowing whether audio data is streamable or not can affect pre-fetching. And can be a metric used when alternatives of the same file is given.
* Having audio data marked as lossy or lossless can be useful when alternatives of the same file is made.

== Playing Formats ==
Playing formats include:
* ASX
* Atom
* Atom+SMIL
* Atomic RSS
* Atomic RSS+SMIL
* Extended M3U
* HTML+Time
* iTunes RSS
* KPL
* M3U
* MAGMA
* Media RSS
* PLS
* RAM
* RSS 2.0
* SMIL
* WAX
* WVX

=== Playing Format Comparison Table ===
<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid grey;">
<tr>
<th>Aspect</th>
<th>ASX</th>
<th>Atom</th>
<th>Atom+SMIL</th>
<th>Atomic RSS</th>
<th>Atomic RSS+SMIL</th>
<th>Extended M3U</th>
<th>HTML+Time</th>
<th>iTunes RSS</th>
<th>Media RSS</th>
<th>M3U</td>
<th>RSS 2.0</th>
<th>Microformat?</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Alternatives Playing</td>
<td></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><smil:switch></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><media:group></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Parallel Playing</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Sequence Playing</td>
<td></td>
<td>if you consider the Atom file a show, then nothing. if you consider the Atom file an episode, then the list of <atom:entry>'s provides a sequence.</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><smil:seq></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>if you consider the RSS file a show, then nothing. if you consider the RSS file an episode, then the list of <item>'s provides a sequence.</td>
<td>if you consider the RSS file a show, then nothing. if you consider the RSS file an episode, then the list of <item>'s provides a sequence.</td>
<td>if you consider the M3U file a show, then nothing. if you consider the M3U file an episode, then the URL lines provide a sequence.</td>
<td>if you consider the RSS file a show, then nothing. if you consider the RSS file an episode, then the list of <item>'s provides a sequence.</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Pre-Fetching</td>
<td></td>
<td><link rel="enclosure" href="..." /></td>
<td><ul><li style="white-space:pre;"><link rel="enclosure" href="..." /></li><li><smil:prefetch></li></ul></td>
<td><link rel="enclosure" href="..." /></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><enclosure></td>
<td><media:content></td>
<td>The M3U format is just list of URL's, with each URL on its own line. Pre-Fetching would be accomplished by just added a URL to the list.</td>
<td><enclosure></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">[[rel-enclosure]]</td>
</tr>
</table>

== Raster Graphic Formats ==
Raster graphic formats include:
* GIF
* PNG
* JPEG

== Vector Graphic Formats ==
Vector graphic formats include:
* SVG

= Formats & Protocols =

== AAC ==
AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) is a lossy audio format. Like MP3, AAC is part of the MPEG standard. Since April 2003, AAC has become an integral part of Apple's iPod and iTunes products. This association between AAC and Apple has become so strong among some that AAC is also sometimes call Apple Audio Codec.

References:
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding

== ASF ==
ASF is an Audio/Video format. ASF files that contain only audio data are typically called WMA files.

References:
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Streaming_Format

== Atom ==
Atom is a XML-based syndication format that was developed by certain members of the RSS community.

References:
* http://atomenabled.org/developers/syndication/
* [http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3339.html RFC 3339]

== Atom+SMIL ==
Atom+SMIL is Atom with SMIL used in the <atom:content>.

(This was originally used by [http://changelog.ca/ Charles Iliya Krempeaux] for "Internet TV". Also see Atomic RSS+SMIL)

== Atomic RSS ==
Atomic RSS is a syndication format that is RSS with Atom used as an extension module.

References:
* http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/200x/2005/07/27/Atomic-RSS

== Atomic RSS+SMIL ==
Atomic RSS+SMIL is Atomic RSS with SMIL use in the <atom:content>.

(This was originally used by [http://changelog.ca/ Charles Iliya Krempeaux] for "Internet TV".)

== AVI ==
AVI is a container format for Audio/Video formats.

References:
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AVI

== B4S ==
B4S is a playlist format.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#B4S

== BitTorrent ==
BitTorrent is a P2P protocol.

References:
* http://www.bittorrent.com/protocol.html
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bittorrent
* http://wiki.theory.org/BitTorrentFAQ

== Creative Commons RDF ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#Creative

== DAAP ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#DAAP

== Extended M3U ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#M3U
* http://hanna.pyxidis.org/tech/m3u.html
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3U

== FLAC ==
Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC)
* http://flac.sourceforge.net/

== GIF ==
GIF is a raster graphics format and a movie format.

== HTML+Time ==

References:
* http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-HTMLplusTIME
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#HTML

== HTTP ==

References:
* http://www.w3.org/Protocols/

== iTunes Library ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#iTunes

== iTunes RSS ==

References:
* http://www.apple.com/itunes/podcasts/techspecs.html

== JPEG ==
JPEG is a raster graphics format.

== Kapsule ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#Kapsule

== KPL ==
KPL is a playlist format.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#KPL

== M3U ==
M3U is a playlist format.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#M3U

== MAGMA ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#MAGMA

== Media RSS ==
Media RSS is a syndication format that is RSS with the addition of the Media RSS Module.

== MKV/MKA ==
Matroska MKV/MKA are video and audio containers, respectively.
* http://www.matroska.org/

== MNG ==
MNG is a Video format.

== MP3 ==
MP3 is an Audio format.

== MPEG ==
ASF is an Audio/Video format.

== MusicBrainz ==

References:
* [http://www.MusicBrainz.org MusicBrainz.org]
* [http://wiki.musicbrainz.org MusicBrainz wiki]
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#musicbrainz

== Ogg ==
Ogg is a media container format.

References:
* http://xiph.org/ogg/
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogg
* [http://xiph.org/ogg/doc/rfc3533.txt RFC 3533] - The Ogg Encapsulation Format Version 0
* [http://xiph.org/ogg/doc/rfc3534.txt RFC 3534] - The application/ogg Media Type

== PLS ==
PLS is a playlist format.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#PLS
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PLS_(file_format)

== RAM ==
RAM is a playlist format.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#RAM

== RSS 2.0 ==
RSS 2.0 is the defacto standard syndication format.

References:
* http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/RSS

== RTSP ==

References:
* http://www.rtsp.org/
* [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1889.txt RFC 1889]
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Time_Streaming_Protocol

== SMIL ==

References:
* http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/

== Speex ==

References:
* http://www.speex.org/

== SVG ==
SVG is a vector graphics format.

== Theora ==
Theora is an Audio/Video format/

References:
* http://www.theora.org/
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora

== Vorbis ==
Vorbis is an Audio format.

References:
* http://xiph.org/vorbis/
* http://vorbis.com/
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorbis

== WAX ==
WAX is an SGML-based playlist for that looks exactly like ASX and WVX, except that it can only reference to ASF or WMA, but NOT to WMV files.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#WAX

== WMA ==
WMA is an Audio format.

References:
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Audio

== WMV ==
WMV is an Audio/Video format.

References:
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Video

== WVX ==
WVX is an SGML-based playlist format that looks exactly like ASX and WAX, except that it can reference ASF, WMA, and WMV media files.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#WVX

= Comments =

* See separate [[media-metadata-issues]] document.

= See Also =

* [[video-metadata-models]]

media-metadata-examples

2007-01-10T05:16:51Z

WinningHam: Strawman #10

This is an exploratory page to be used for storage of various multimedia data and metadata profiles, formats, and practices currently in use around the web. As this is a very, very early exploration, we should include as many types of multimedia as possible in the opening discussion - but please be sure to place your information in the correct portion of this page.

= Purpose of this exploration (or : The Problem) =

The purpose of the studies on this page is to determine the feasibility and demand for a flexible, semantic markup format for multimedia related paradigms.

This includes such things as:
<ul>
<li>Providing metadata alongside linked multimedia files.Typically, multimedia metadata is stored within the header of the media file itself - which has massive implications for any application where metadata is to be indexed, searched, or made externally accessible. Of course, even if you could easily access the correct portions of a media file remotely, you'd still have to cope with a multitude of open and proprietary metadata formats, each with it's own distinct fieldset, nomenclature and storage method.
</li>
<li>What is called: Internet TV, IPTV, [http://newtube.org/ NewTube], vlogging, vidblogging, vidlogging, vodcasting, etc.</li>
<li>What is called: Podcasting, IPradio, etc.</li>
</ul>

This study aims to make a start at solving this problem.

== Contributors ==

These folks have contributed real-world examples and research to this document, and are interested in helping with a solution.

* Christopher Allen
* Dougal Campbell
* Dr. Ernie
* Rohit Khare
* Ryan King
* Kevin Marks
* Lisa Rein
* Dan Glegg
* Chris Messina
* [http://changelog.ca/ Charles Iliya Krempeaux]

If you contribute new real-world examples or research, and wish to help with a solution, please add your name as well.

= Examples on the Web today =

Below is a list of strawman models based on real work examples. (Links to actual examples have been omitted since many of them have been found on adult sites, and it is believed that it would be inappropriate to list these here. -- [[User:Charles|Charles]])

=== Show Strawman #1 ===
Single clip with a preview image. The clip is the full show.
<nowiki>
<a href="clip.mpeg"><img src="preview.png" /></a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #2 ===
Single clip with a preview image. The clip is the teaser of the
full show. And there is a link that you can go to pay to see the full
show.
<nowiki>
<a href="teaser.mpeg"><img src="preview.png" /></a>

<a href="http://example.com/go">Pay to View</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #3 ===
A show divided up in multiple clips, each with a preview image.
Together the clips make up the show.
<nowiki>
<a href="clip-1.mpg"><img src="preview-1.png" /></a>

<a href="clip-2.mpg"><img src="preview-2.png" /></a>

<a href="clip-3.mpg"><img src="preview-3.png" /></a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #4 ===
A set of teasers for a show. Together they don't make up the full
show. And the may or may not overlap in time. There's a "Pay to
View" link there too.
<nowiki>
<a href="clip-blue.mpg"><img src="preview-blue.png" /></a>

<a href="clip-red.mpg"><img src="preview-red.png" /></a>

<a href="clip-green.mpg"><img src="preview-green.png" /></a>

<a href="http://example.com/go">Pay to View</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #5 ===
A single clip that comes in different formats. (Could be a
teaser, a clip, or a full show.)
<nowiki>
<img src="preview.png" />
<a href="clip.mpg">MPEG</a>
<a href="clip.ogm">Ogg</a>
<a href="clip.avi">AVI</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #6 ===
A single preview image with the show given in 2 different methods. The first is the show broken up into a series of pieces (which makes it easier to download.) And the second is the full show in one file
<nowiki>
<img src="preview.png" />

<a href="part-1.mpg">[1]</a>
<a href="part-2.mpg">[2]</a>
<a href="part-3.mpg">[3]</a>

<a href="full.mpg">full</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #7 ===
A single clip with a preview image. The title of the show is given with an image (and thus the actual machine-readable title is the ''alt attribute'' of the image) and is linked with the main URL for the show. There's also a link to older episodes of the show.
<nowiki>
<a href="..."><img src="the-name-of-the-show-png" alt="The Name of the Show" /></a>

<a href="episode123-clip.mpeg"><img src="episode123-preview.png" /></a>

<a href="older-shows">older shows</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #8 ===
A series of clips with preview images. The title of the show is given with an image (and thus the actual machine-readable title is the ''alt attribute'' of the image) and is linked with the main URL for the show. There's also a links to older and news episodes of the show.
<nowiki>
<a href="..."><img src="the-name-of-the-show-png" alt="The Name of the Show" /></a>

<a href="episode123-clip.mpeg"><img src="episode123-preview.png" /></a>
<a href="episode122-clip.mpeg"><img src="episode122-preview.png" /></a>
<a href="episode121-clip.mpeg"><img src="episode121-preview.png" /></a>
<a href="episode120-clip.mpeg"><img src="episode120-preview.png" /></a>

<a href="newer-shows">[next]</a>
<a href="older-shows">[previous]</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #9 ===
A series of preview images. The title of the show is given in text. A link to all the show's files via a torrent. Other metadata is also typically included too, in plain text; some is shown here. Also, sometimes metadata is put in the description.
<nowiki>
The Name of the Show

<img src="preview1.png" />
<img src="preview2.png" />

<a href="show.torrent">...</a>

Torrent Info Hash: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx

Description: blah blah blah .... here some URLs to previews...
blah blah blah .... this is 24 fps
blah blah blah

Content: tag1, tag2, tag3

Resolution: 320px x 240px

Run Time: 24mins 57secs

Size: 125.42 MB (131,509,108 bytes)

Type: Movie Clip

Published/Uploaded By: someone

<a href="...">Link to page with list of files in torrent</a>
<a href="...">Link to page with list of people on the torrent</a>
</nowiki>

=== Show Strawman #10 ===
An embedded object citing a specific plugin, or simply a link to the media itself, as an object parameter. The rest of the parameters include plugin OR media-specific metadata, and any URIs used are usually unique to the media content.

<nowiki>
<object
width='400' height='326' type='application/x-shockwave-flash'
data='http://video.google.com/googleplayer.swf?docId=3807826142091223684&hl=en'>
<param name='allowScriptAccess' value='never' />
<param name='movie'
value='http://video.google.com/googleplayer.swf?docId=3807826142091223684&hl=en'/>
<param name='quality' value='best'/>
<param name='bgcolor' value='#ffffff' />
<param name='scale' value='noScale' />
<param name='wmode' value='window'/>
</object>
</nowiki>

or:

<nowiki>
<embed
src="http://media.revver.com/qt;sharer=14854/137027.mov"
pluginspage="http://www.apple.com/quicktime/download/"
scale="tofit" kioskmode="false"
qtsrc="http://media.revver.com/qt;sharer=14854/137027.mov"
cache="false" controller="true" type="video/quicktime" autoplay="true" height="272" width="320">
</nowiki>

= Current / Previous Standards =

== Still image ==

* [http://www.exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF EXIF]
* [http://www.tasi.ac.uk/2000/09/rdfmeta/ RDF for self-describing images]
* [http://archive.dstc.edu.au/RDU/staff/jane-hunter/PNG/paper.html An Indexing and Querying System for Online Images Based on the PNG Format and Embedded Metadata]
* [http://www.w3.org/TR/photo-rdf/ Describing and retrieving photos using RDF and HTTP]
* [http://www.pheed.com/pheed/ Pheed RSS extension for photo syndication]

== Audio Metadata Formats ==

* [http://www.id3.org/ ID3v2]

* iTunes
** Album : String
** Artist : String
** Beats Per Minute : Number
** Bit Rate : Number
** Comment : Blob
** Composer : String
** Genre : String or Foreign ID
** Disc Number : Number
** Kind : Proprietary - could be implimented as MIME type
** My Rating : Number < 5 (actually an integer from the range 0-100. 1-5 "stars" implemented by incrementing by 20)
** Sample Rate : Number
** Size : Number
** Time : Number
** Track Number : Number
** Year : Number
**Additional metadata used internally by the application : Date Added (Timestamp), Date Modified (Timestamp), Equalizer (foreign ID), Play Count (Number), Grouping (Internal)
**Noteable absences : Tags, [[rel-license|License]], Copyright year. Also note common complaints about [http://www.everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=1707402 ID3 and classical music].

* [http://www.xspf.org/ XSPF] (see also [http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html A survey of playlist formats] and [http://www.xspf.org/xspf-v0.html The XSPF Playlist Format, version 0])
** album
** creator
** duration
** info
** title
** trackNum

== Podcasts ==

* '''iTunes podcast:''' http://phobos.apple.com/static/podcast_specifications.pdf
(HTML version of spec: [http://labs.commerce.net/~rohit/How%20To%20Publish%20a%20Podcast%20on%20iTunes%20Music%20Store.html local archive], [http://labs.commerce.net/~rohit/iTunesRSS.html updated version from Apple Chapter Tool Beta docs], [http://phobos.apple.com/static/iTunesRSS.html online copy at Apple])

iTunes release 4.9 was widely heralded as an advance for mainstream acceptance of podcasting. However, while some advocates resist even the fragment of a trademarked name in the label for the phenomenon, the use of "itunes:" in the namespace is one of many design decisions in Apple's original specification that became focal points of debate. While Apple has a tradition of working on breakthrough features very quietly, they have been open to public input after its initial release. Many [http://daringfireball.net/2005/07/podcast_pocket other bloggers] have [http://usefulinc.com/edd/blog/contents/2005/06/28-rss-apple-itunes/read chronicled] [http://www.intertwingly.net/blog/2005/07/05/Insensitive-iTunes some of the feedback], as well as some [http://tantek.com/log/2005/07.html#d10t0130 face-to-face discussions].

A mailing list may be coming soon...

* '''Media RSS:''' http://search.yahoo.com/mrss

Media RSS has [http://www.ysearchblog.com/archives/000111.html been in the works longer], but doesn't have the overnight-adoption advantage of iTunes. However, it has a much broader ambit, including [http://www.ysearchblog.com/archives/000060.html video]; and a much broader [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/rss-media/ community of interest].

=== A Podcasting Microformat? ===

The best starting point for understanding these two proposals is [http://www.w3.org/2005/07/media-and-rss W3C's summary table, by Karl Dubost].

There are (at least) two paths to consider when 'porting' these proposals into Microformats:
# '''Standalone.''' What is the most straightforward rendering of each proposal into XHTML? This keeps the interests of the developers of ''consuming'' applications foremost: how can the migration be made as painless as possible?
# '''Refactored.''' Given the existing core of Microformats, what is the minimal (!) necessary to add on to RelLicense, RelTag, hReview, and so forth? This favors (we'd hope) content ''publishing'' applications: how can the marginal migration costs of adding media be made as painless as possible.

Mapping the existing specs requires understanding the data definitions set forth in each specification, and finding the optimal equivalents (where available). The following is a partial summary of one possible mapping:

==== Comparison Table ====

<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid grey;">
<tr>
<th>Aspect</th>
<th>Atom</th>
<th>iTunes RSS</th>
<th>Media RSS</th>
<th>M3U</td>
<th>RSS 2.0</th>
<th>Microformat?</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Authorship</td>
<td><ul><li><atom:author></li><li><atom:contributor></li></ul></td>
<td><ul><li><itunes:author></li><li><itunes:owner></li><li><itunes:name></li><li><itunes:email></li></ul></td>
<td><media:credit></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><copyright> <author> <source></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"><ul><li><cite></li><li>[[hcard|hCard]]</li><li>[[rel-author]]</li><li>[[rev-author]]</li><li><address></li></ul>need a way of specifying the role of the author or contributor.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Categorization</td>
<td><atom:category></td>
<td><itunes:category> <itunes:keywords></td>
<td><media:category></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><category></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">[[rel-tag]] - requires a way to do sub categories?</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Description</td>
<td><atom:summary> <atom:content></td>
<td><itunes:subtitle> <itunes:summary></td>
<td><media:text></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><description></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">XHTML (e.g. <nowiki><blockquote></nowiki> )</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Licensing</td>
<td><atom:copyright> <atom:rights></td>
<td><itunes:block> <copyright> <link></td>
<td>Not explicitly mentioned</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><ttl></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">[[rel-license]]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Metadata</td>
<td></td>
<td><itunes:duration> <itunes:image></td>
<td><media:thumbnail> <media:hash> <pre><media:content
url="http://www.example.com/movie.mov"
fileSize="12216320"
type="video/quicktime"
isDefault="true"
expression="full"
bitrate="128"
framerate="25"
duration="185"
height="200"
width="300"
/></pre></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">needs a new microformat e.g., <dl><dt>proposal for duration</dt><dd><pre><abbr class="duration" title="00:27:35">
27 minutes, 35 seconds
</abbr></pre>
-- [[User:jkinberg|jkinberg]] 11:51, 19 Sept 2005 (PDT))
</dd></dl></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Preview</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td>For Video Media: <media:thumbnail> For Audio Media: nothing</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat for this
<dl><dt>proposal for video preview</dt><dd><pre><img class="preview" src="..." /></pre>
-- [[User:Charles|Charles]]
</dd></dl></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Rating</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><itunes:explicit></td>
<td><s><media:adult></s> <media:rating></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><rating></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">[[rel-tag]]</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Title</td>
<td><atom:title> <atom:subtitle></td>
<td><itunes:subtitle> <title></td>
<td><media:title> <title></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><title></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">
<ul>
<li><h1>...</h1></li>
<li><h2>...<h2></li>
<li><h3>...</h3></li>
<li><h4>...</h4></li>
<li><h5>...</h5></li>
<li><h6>...</h6></li>
<li>title="..."</li>
<li>Microformats with class="title"</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="7"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Show Concept</td>
<td><ul><li><atom:feed></li><li><link rel="self" href="..." /></li></ul></td>
<td><ul><li><channel></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td><ul><li><channel></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td>A M3U file.</td>
<td><ul><li><channel></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Episode Concept</td>
<td><ul><li><atom:entry></li><li><link rel="alternate" href="..." /></li></ul></td>
<td><ul><li><item></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td><ul><li><item></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td>A single URL line.</td>
<td><ul><li><item></li><li><link></li></ul></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Media Concept</td>
<td><ul><li><atom:link rel="enclosure" href="..." /></li><li>also... dependent on type of data embedded in or referenced from <atom:content></li></ul></td>
<td><enclosure></td>
<td><media:content></td>
<td>Simply the inclusion of a URL on a line.</td>
<td><enclosure></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"><img> <a href=""> <object> <embed> </td>
</tr>
</table>

== Video ==
* [http://www.exif.org/Exif2-2.PDF EXIF] - (Yes, the spec deals with video taken by still cameras. -- RyanKing)
* [http://www.chiariglione.org/mpeg/standards/mpeg-7/mpeg-7.htm MPEG-7] - MPEG-7, formally named "Multimedia Content Description Interface", is a standard for describing the multimedia content data that supports some degree of interpretation of the information meaning, which can be passed onto, or accessed by, a device or a computer code. (Very powerful, but you have to pay for documentation -- [[User:ChristopherA|ChristopherA]] 01:53, 29 Jun 2005 (PDT))
* [http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/ SMIL] - Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL, pronounced "smile") enables simple authoring of interactive audiovisual presentations. (Not exactly video, but has a lot of useful video-related features in it. -- [[User:ChristopherA|ChristopherA]] 01:55, 29 Jun 2005 (PDT))
* [[video-metadata-model| Video Metadata Model - a starting point]]

== Interactive ==
* [http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/ SVG]
* [http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/ SMIL]
* QTVR?

== Offline Media ==
* [http://xspf.org XSPF] (media may be either offline or online)

=== Printed Publications (books/magazines) ===
* [http://amazon.com/ Amazon]

=== Movies ===
* [http://imdb.com/ IMDB]
* [http://amazon.com/ Amazon]

=== Music ===
* [http://freedb.org/ FreeDB]
* [http://musicbrainz.org/ MusicBrainz]
* [http://amazon.com/ Amazon]

== Container Formats ==
The purpose of container formats is to allow the muxing of multiple codecs into a single file or stream. For example, if you want audio, video, and text (subtitles) combined into a single stream.

The purpose of the muxing is for synchronization and so that you can stream the file and view it without having to jump around -- seek -- in the file.

Container formats include:
* AVI
* MPEG
* Ogg
* QuickTime

=== Container Format Comparison Table ===

<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid grey;">
<tr>
<th>Aspect</th>
<th>AVI</th>
<th>MPEG</th>
<th>Ogg</td>
<th>QuickTime</th>
<th>Microformat?</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Allows Audio</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Allows Video</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Allows Text</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Error Detection</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
</table>

=== Notes for Microformats ===
One of the problems with container formats is that it is often difficult and sometimes impossible to know the disposition of what they contain ahead of time (without reading the file).

For example, Ogg files use the MIME type application/ogg and generally use the extension .ogg. With only these 2 pieces of information, you cannot tell whether such an Ogg file contains video data or not.

There is room for a microformat to help with this. Perhaps something like:
<div style="font-family:monospace;white-space:pre;padding:1.5em;background-color:black;color:white;"><a class="moving-image" type="application/ogg" href="my.ogg">...</a></div>
Although, this can be done in other ways too. For example, using [http://changelog.ca/log/2005/08/21/rss-disposition-hinting-proposal disposition hinting] one could do something like:
<div style="font-family:monospace;white-space:pre;padding:1.5em;background-color:black;color:white;"><a type="application/ogg;disposition-type:moving-image" href="my.ogg">...</a></div>

Anothing thing for any Microformat to consider is that it may be the case that the data files that are muxed in the container format may also be offered in non-muxed forms. This is important when alternatives are offered.

== Audio Formats ==

Audio formats include:
* AAC
* MP3
* PCM WAV
* Speex
* Vorbis
* WMA

=== Audio Format Comparison Table ===

<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid grey;">
<tr>
<th>Aspect</th>
<th>AAC</th>
<th>MP3</th>
<th>PCM WAV</td>
<th>Speex</th>
<th>Vorbis</th>
<th>WMA</th>
<th>Microformat?</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Lossless</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>No</td>
<td></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Lossy</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>No</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Streamable</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td></td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td>Yes</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;"></td>
</tr>
</table>

=== Notes for Microformats ===
* Knowing whether audio data is streamable or not can affect pre-fetching. And can be a metric used when alternatives of the same file is given.
* Having audio data marked as lossy or lossless can be useful when alternatives of the same file is made.

== Playing Formats ==
Playing formats include:
* ASX
* Atom
* Atom+SMIL
* Atomic RSS
* Atomic RSS+SMIL
* Extended M3U
* HTML+Time
* iTunes RSS
* KPL
* M3U
* MAGMA
* Media RSS
* PLS
* RAM
* RSS 2.0
* SMIL
* WAX
* WVX

=== Playing Format Comparison Table ===
<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid grey;">
<tr>
<th>Aspect</th>
<th>ASX</th>
<th>Atom</th>
<th>Atom+SMIL</th>
<th>Atomic RSS</th>
<th>Atomic RSS+SMIL</th>
<th>Extended M3U</th>
<th>HTML+Time</th>
<th>iTunes RSS</th>
<th>Media RSS</th>
<th>M3U</td>
<th>RSS 2.0</th>
<th>Microformat?</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Alternatives Playing</td>
<td></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><smil:switch></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td><media:group></td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td>nothing</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Parallel Playing</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Sequence Playing</td>
<td></td>
<td>if you consider the Atom file a show, then nothing. if you consider the Atom file an episode, then the list of <atom:entry>'s provides a sequence.</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><smil:seq></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>if you consider the RSS file a show, then nothing. if you consider the RSS file an episode, then the list of <item>'s provides a sequence.</td>
<td>if you consider the RSS file a show, then nothing. if you consider the RSS file an episode, then the list of <item>'s provides a sequence.</td>
<td>if you consider the M3U file a show, then nothing. if you consider the M3U file an episode, then the URL lines provide a sequence.</td>
<td>if you consider the RSS file a show, then nothing. if you consider the RSS file an episode, then the list of <item>'s provides a sequence.</td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">need a new microformat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:darkorange;color:black;font-weight:bold;">Pre-Fetching</td>
<td></td>
<td><link rel="enclosure" href="..." /></td>
<td><ul><li style="white-space:pre;"><link rel="enclosure" href="..." /></li><li><smil:prefetch></li></ul></td>
<td><link rel="enclosure" href="..." /></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><enclosure></td>
<td><media:content></td>
<td>The M3U format is just list of URL's, with each URL on its own line. Pre-Fetching would be accomplished by just added a URL to the list.</td>
<td><enclosure></td>
<td style="background-color:#eeeeee;color:black;">[[rel-enclosure]]</td>
</tr>
</table>

== Raster Graphic Formats ==
Raster graphic formats include:
* GIF
* PNG
* JPEG

== Vector Graphic Formats ==
Vector graphic formats include:
* SVG

= Formats & Protocols =

== AAC ==
AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) is a lossy audio format. Like MP3, AAC is part of the MPEG standard. Since April 2003, AAC has become an integral part of Apple's iPod and iTunes products. This association between AAC and Apple has become so strong among some that AAC is also sometimes call Apple Audio Codec.

References:
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Audio_Coding

== ASF ==
ASF is an Audio/Video format. ASF files that contain only audio data are typically called WMA files.

References:
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Streaming_Format

== Atom ==
Atom is a XML-based syndication format that was developed by certain members of the RSS community.

References:
* http://atomenabled.org/developers/syndication/
* [http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc3339.html RFC 3339]

== Atom+SMIL ==
Atom+SMIL is Atom with SMIL used in the <atom:content>.

(This was originally used by [http://changelog.ca/ Charles Iliya Krempeaux] for "Internet TV". Also see Atomic RSS+SMIL)

== Atomic RSS ==
Atomic RSS is a syndication format that is RSS with Atom used as an extension module.

References:
* http://www.tbray.org/ongoing/When/200x/2005/07/27/Atomic-RSS

== Atomic RSS+SMIL ==
Atomic RSS+SMIL is Atomic RSS with SMIL use in the <atom:content>.

(This was originally used by [http://changelog.ca/ Charles Iliya Krempeaux] for "Internet TV".)

== AVI ==
AVI is a container format for Audio/Video formats.

References:
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AVI

== B4S ==
B4S is a playlist format.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#B4S

== BitTorrent ==
BitTorrent is a P2P protocol.

References:
* http://www.bittorrent.com/protocol.html
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bittorrent
* http://wiki.theory.org/BitTorrentFAQ

== Creative Commons RDF ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#Creative

== DAAP ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#DAAP

== Extended M3U ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#M3U
* http://hanna.pyxidis.org/tech/m3u.html
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M3U

== FLAC ==
Free Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC)
* http://flac.sourceforge.net/

== GIF ==
GIF is a raster graphics format and a movie format.

== HTML+Time ==

References:
* http://www.w3.org/TR/NOTE-HTMLplusTIME
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#HTML

== HTTP ==

References:
* http://www.w3.org/Protocols/

== iTunes Library ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#iTunes

== iTunes RSS ==

References:
* http://www.apple.com/itunes/podcasts/techspecs.html

== JPEG ==
JPEG is a raster graphics format.

== Kapsule ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#Kapsule

== KPL ==
KPL is a playlist format.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#KPL

== M3U ==
M3U is a playlist format.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#M3U

== MAGMA ==

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#MAGMA

== Media RSS ==
Media RSS is a syndication format that is RSS with the addition of the Media RSS Module.

== MKV/MKA ==
Matroska MKV/MKA are video and audio containers, respectively.
* http://www.matroska.org/

== MNG ==
MNG is a Video format.

== MP3 ==
MP3 is an Audio format.

== MPEG ==
ASF is an Audio/Video format.

== MusicBrainz ==

References:
* [http://www.MusicBrainz.org MusicBrainz.org]
* [http://wiki.musicbrainz.org MusicBrainz wiki]
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#musicbrainz

== Ogg ==
Ogg is a media container format.

References:
* http://xiph.org/ogg/
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogg
* [http://xiph.org/ogg/doc/rfc3533.txt RFC 3533] - The Ogg Encapsulation Format Version 0
* [http://xiph.org/ogg/doc/rfc3534.txt RFC 3534] - The application/ogg Media Type

== PLS ==
PLS is a playlist format.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#PLS
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PLS_(file_format)

== RAM ==
RAM is a playlist format.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#RAM

== RSS 2.0 ==
RSS 2.0 is the defacto standard syndication format.

References:
* http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/RSS

== RTSP ==

References:
* http://www.rtsp.org/
* [http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1889.txt RFC 1889]
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_Time_Streaming_Protocol

== SMIL ==

References:
* http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/

== Speex ==

References:
* http://www.speex.org/

== SVG ==
SVG is a vector graphics format.

== Theora ==
Theora is an Audio/Video format/

References:
* http://www.theora.org/
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theora

== Vorbis ==
Vorbis is an Audio format.

References:
* http://xiph.org/vorbis/
* http://vorbis.com/
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorbis

== WAX ==
WAX is an SGML-based playlist for that looks exactly like ASX and WVX, except that it can only reference to ASF or WMA, but NOT to WMV files.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#WAX

== WMA ==
WMA is an Audio format.

References:
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Audio

== WMV ==
WMV is an Audio/Video format.

References:
* http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Media_Video

== WVX ==
WVX is an SGML-based playlist format that looks exactly like ASX and WAX, except that it can reference ASF, WMA, and WMV media files.

References:
* http://gonze.com/playlists/playlist-format-survey.html#WVX

= Comments =

* See separate [[media-metadata-issues]] document.

= See Also =

* [[video-metadata-models]]