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= What are microformats? =
{{DISPLAYTITLE:What are microformats?}}
 
Microformats are small patterns of HTML to represent commonly published things like [[hcard|people]], [[hcalendar|events]], [[hatom|blog posts]], [[hreview|reviews]] and [[rel-tag|tags]] in web pages.
 
Microformats are the quickest &amp; simplest way to provide an API to the  information on your website. See what else [[what-can-you-do-with-microformats|you can do with microformats]].
 
First time visitors, see also the [[introduction]] page.


== Launch Definition ==
== Launch Definition ==
The original definition on the [http://microformats.org home page] said:


The current definition on the [http://microformats.org home page] says:
<blockquote style="font-size:larger">Designed for humans first and machines second, microformats are a set of simple, open data formats built upon existing and widely adopted standards.</blockquote>
 
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;font-style:italic">Designed for humans first and machines second, microformats are a set of simple, open data formats built upon existing and widely adopted standards.</blockquote>


originally written by Dan Cederholm with help from Tantek Çelik for the launch of [http://microformats.org microformats.org] on June 20th, 2005.
originally written by Dan Cederholm with help from Tantek Çelik for the launch of [http://microformats.org microformats.org] on June 20th, 2005.


== From The Mailing List ==
== From The Mailing List ==
<blockquote style="font-size:larger">Microformats are simple conventions for embedding semantics in HTML to enable decentralized development.</blockquote>


<blockquote style="font-size:larger;font-style:italic">Microformats are simple conventions for embedding semantics in HTML to enable decentralized development.</blockquote>
from someone on the microformats-discuss mailing list. Please link/cite if you know the origin of this.


from someone on the microformats-discuss mailing list. Please link/cite if you know the origin of this.
* Mostly seems to originate from [http://microformats.org/discuss/mail/microformats-discuss/2005-September/000923.html Dr Ernie Prabhakar] but with [http://microformats.org/discuss/mail/microformats-discuss/2005-September/date.html#923 some later development].


== More Specifically From The Mailing List ==
== More Specifically From The Mailing List ==
 
One popular definition from our [http://microformats.org/discuss/ mailing list] (see also: [[mailing-lists]]) is "simple conventions for embedding semantics in HTML to enable decentralized development." More precisely, microformats can be defined as:
More precisely, microformats can be
<blockquote style="font-size:larger" cite="http://microformats.org/discuss/mail/microformats-discuss/2005-September/000922.html">
defined as:
:simple conventions
 
:for embedding semantic markup
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;font-style:italic">
::for a specific problem domain
<pre>
:in human-readable (X)HTML/XML documents, Atom/RSS feeds, and "plain" XML
  simple conventions
::that normalize existing content usage patterns
  for embedding semantic markup
::using brief, descriptive class names  
 
::often based on existing interoperable standards
      for a specific problem domain
:to enable decentralized development
 
::of resources, tools, and services
  in human-readable (X)HTML/XML documents, Atom/RSS feeds, and "plain" XML
 
      that normalize existing content usage patterns
      using brief, descriptive class names
      often based on existing interoperable standards
 
  to enable decentralized development
 
      of resources, tools, and services
</pre>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>


from someone(s) on the microformats-discuss mailing list. Please link/cite if you know the origin of this.
http://microformats.org/discuss/mail/microformats-discuss/2005-September/000922.html by Dr. [http://ihack.us/ Ernie Prabhakar]
 
(I'm pretty sure Ernie kicked off this particular definition, and I think helped a little, but I don't remember the specifics. -Tantek)


"Or do you just use your browser to browse? That's so 20th century." -- [http://diveintomark.org Mark Pilgrim]


== Chris Messina ==
== Chris Messina ==
 
<blockquote style="font-size:larger">
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;font-style:italic">
Microformats are simple codes that you can use to identify specific kinds of data, like people or events, in your webpages.
Microformats are simple codes that you can use to identify specific kinds of data, like people or events, in your webpages.
</blockquote>
</blockquote>


== Tantek Çelik ==
== Tantek Çelik ==
<blockquote style="font-size:larger"><p>Microformats are the way to publish and share information on <strong>the web with higher fidelity</strong>.</p><p>For example, if a company wanted their <strong>contact information</strong> to be easily found and shared, they would publish it with [[hcard|hCard]]. Similarly if an organization is planning a series of events and wants more people to know about them and add them to their calendars, then they would publish their <strong>events listing</strong> with [[hcalendar|hCalendar]].  For advocacy groups, whenever they take a position on some political leader, some piece of legislation etc., if they wanted their <strong>evaluations/reviews/ratings</strong> of those people/laws to be more easily found and passed around, they would publish such opinions with [[hreview|hReview]].  For all of these, to make it easier, publishers can use [[implementations|tools and services that support microformats]].</p><p>The key here is that microformats are simple/easy enough that the any organizations own <strong>web authors/designers can easily add them</strong> in themselves. Adding microformats is easier than publishing an RSS feed for example. You don't have to be a programmer. Anyone with decent (X)HTML+CSS authoring/writing skills can use microformats.  Pretty much anyone who is literate can be taught how to author HTML+CSS, and thus microformats makes use of very widely available skill sets.</p></blockquote>


<blockquote style="font-size:larger;font-style:italic"><p>Microformats are the way to publish and share information on <strong>the web with higher fidelity</strong>.</p><p>For example, if a company wanted their <strong>contact information</strong> to be easily found and shared, they would publish it with [[hcard|hCard]]. Similarly if an organization is planning a series of events and wants more people to know about them and add them to their calendars, then they would publish their <strong>events listing</strong> with [[hcalendar|hCalendar]]. For advocacy groups, whenever they take a position on some political leader, some piece of legislation etc., if they wanted their <strong>evaluations/reviews/ratings</strong> of those people/laws to be more easily found and passed around, they would publish such opinions with [[hreview|hReview]].  For all of these, to make it easier, publishers can use [[implementations|tools and services that support microformats]].</p><p>The key here is that microformats are simple/easy enough that the any organizations own <strong>web authors/designers can easily add them</strong> in themselves. Adding microformats is easier than publishing an RSS feed for example. You don't have to be a programmer. Anyone with decent (X)HTML+CSS authoring/writing skills can use microformats. Pretty much anyone who is literate can be taught how to author HTML+CSS, and thus microformats makes use of very widely available skill sets.</p></blockquote>
From an IRC conversation 2006-06-06 which helped "knowprose" grok microformats.  Update 2006-06-07: knowprose's blog post [http://www.knowprose.com/node/15844 Making Sense of Microformats: Have Data, Will Find It].


From an IRC conversation 2006-06-06 which helped "knowprose" grok microformats.  Update 2006-06-07: knowprose's blog post [http://www.knowprose.com/node/15844 Making Sense of Microformats: Have Data, Will Find It].


<blockquote style="font-size:larger;font-style:italic"><p>microformats are carefully designed (X)HTML class names that extend the semantics of (X)HTML and enable authors to publish higher semantic fidelity content such as people, events, reviews, etc.</p></blockquote>
<blockquote style="font-size:larger"><p>microformats are carefully designed (X)HTML class names that extend the semantics of (X)HTML and enable authors to publish higher semantic fidelity content such as people, events, reviews, etc.</p></blockquote>


From an IRC conversation 2006-07-28 with tcaspers on irc.freenode.net/#wasp.
From an IRC conversation 2006-07-28 with tcaspers on irc.freenode.net/#wasp.


<blockquote style="font-size:larger"><p>a microformat is way of adding more meaning to web pages beyond normal HTML headings and paragraphs, so you can indicate mentions of people, companies, events, reviews, tags, etc.</p></blockquote>
From an instant message conversation 2007-07-06.


== Drew McLellan ==
== Drew McLellan ==
 
<blockquote style="font-size:larger">Microformats are a way of attaching extra meaning to the information published on a web page. This extra semantic richness works alongside the information already presented, and can be used for the benefit of people and computers. This is mostly done through adding special pre-defined names to the class attribute of existing XHTML markup.</blockquote>
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;font-style:italic">Microformats are a way of attaching extra meaning to the information published on a web page. This extra semantic richness works alongside the information already presented, and can be used for the benefit of people and computers. This is mostly done through adding special pre-defined names to the class attribute of existing XHTML markup.</blockquote>


from an IRC conversation
from an IRC conversation


== Joe Andrieu ==
== Aaron Gustafson ==
 
Simply put: "Microformats are a codification of convention." -- [http://easy-reader.net Aaron Gustafson]
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;font-style:italic"><p>Designed for humans first and machines second, microformats are a set of simple, open data formats built upon (X)HTML and CSS.</p>


<p>The current blurb leaves me wondering "But <strong>what</strong> are they?".  I remember this feeling from the first time reading through the microformats wiki. The [http://microformats.org/about/ about page] goes on from the opening blurb to state what microformats are, what microformats are not, and the microformats principles.</p>
<p>All great descriptions... Yet still leaving me wondering the most basic level of concreteness: <strong>What are they?</strong> Javascript libraries? An XML vocabulary? PHP tools?  The most specific language is "data format standard."  Is that like HTML?  Is it just an RFC for the next web thing? </p>
<p>Of course, I know the answers to all of these things, now.  But it took me a while to get there.</p>
<p>This suggestion attempts to concretize the "existing and widely adopted standards". It's a bit shorter and to my eye a bit clearer and more powerful.</p>
</blockquote>
== From The Wiki ==
There are unsettling faults with the definitions and explanations given. The writing seems to be a rallying cry for proponents - clever wording, impressive noun-phrases. But it explains nothing to those unfamiliar with microformats. Imagine giving this sort of explanation off-paper: "A Microformat? What do you mean?" one asks. "Well," the other replies, as he jumps onto the nearest table, his voice excited and booming, a crowd gathering around him:
<blockquote style="font-style:italic">
Designed for humans first and machines second, microformats are a set of simple, open data formats built upon existing and widely adopted standards. Instead of throwing away what works today, microformats intend to solve simpler problems first by adapting to current behaviors and usage patterns (e.g. XHTML, blogging). [...]
</blockquote>
Ah, I see now. So it's something for people to use. Something simple and intuitive, like a steering wheel. Something open, easily changed by anyone, like a wiki or linux. A data format, like rtf, xml, or pdf. It obeys unspecified standards, but is so much more! It's based on something that already works. It doesn't attempt to solve anything it doesn't need to. It dynamically changes to comply with how I'm behaving at the moment... Yes. Yes! This is what I need! My living text streaming-based DOM machine/user -interface will never be the same, now that I have Microformats! Er... right?
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;font-style:italic">
Microformats are conventions for marking up commonly-encountered data (such as links, contact information, and calendar events) in established languages such as HTML. By using standardized layouts, CSS classes, and attribute values, information becomes more accessible and useful to both humans and computers.
</blockquote>
I would appreciate if someone would copy this to the mailing list, since I don't wish to sign up, but would like this to be remedied. [[User:M|M]] 23:52, 23 Aug 2006 (PDT)


==Alok Jain==
==Alok Jain==
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;font-style:italic">microformats are evolving frameworks for how to present commonly used data items. For e.g. hCard microformat provides  framework to capture a person's details First, middle, last name,company, contact info etc.</blockquote>
<blockquote style="font-size:larger">microformats are evolving frameworks for how to present commonly used data items. For e.g. hCard microformat provides  framework to capture a person's details First, middle, last name,company, contact info etc.</blockquote>


In my view this is doing two things:
In my view this is doing two things:
Line 104: Line 75:
*a Bringing an implicit meta data structure which again can be used to fetch informaiton at more granular level. SO in above example one could fetch just the company name, even thought there is not meta data around company name
*a Bringing an implicit meta data structure which again can be used to fetch informaiton at more granular level. SO in above example one could fetch just the company name, even thought there is not meta data around company name


[http://www.iPrincipia.com |Alok Jain]
[http://www.iPrincipia.com Alok Jain]
 
== Dave Sanford ==
== Dave Sanford ==
Chris asked me to contribute my 'definition,' although I refer to it as a distillation:
Chris asked me to contribute my 'definition,' although I refer to it as a distillation:


Line 112: Line 83:


==Andy Mabbett==
==Andy Mabbett==
Here's my re-write of the current opening blurb, from:
Here's my re-write of the current opening blurb, from:


Line 119: Line 89:
to:
to:


<blockquote style="font-size:larger;">Microformats are a way of adding simple markup to human-readable data items such as events, contact details or locations, on web pages, so that the information in them can be extracted by software and indexed, searched for, saved, cross-referenced or combined. More technically, they are items of semantic markup, using just standard (X)HTML with a set of common class-names. They are open and available, freely, for anyone to use.</blockquote>
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;">Microformats are a way of adding simple markup to human-readable data items such as events, contact details or locations, on web pages, so that the information in them can be extracted by software and indexed, searched for, saved, cross-referenced or combined.</blockquote>
 
Which can be followed by:
 
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;">More technically, they are items of semantic markup, using just standard (X)HTML with a set of common class-names. They are open and available, freely, for anyone to use.</blockquote>


Principles:
Principles:
Line 127: Line 101:
*Use plain language
*Use plain language


Finally: don't use italics for whole paragraphs, it's harder for people (such as some with dyslexia or other cognitive disabilities) to read.
== Guillaume Lebleu ==
<blockquote style="font-size:larger">Microformats are simple standardized annotations of content available on the Web that provide a practical solution today to more productive and decentralized Web-based information search and sharing. </blockquote>
 
<blockquote style="font-size:larger">In other words, Microformats allow you today to copy/paste information from a Web page, for instance someone's contact information from their blog to your address book, instead of manually retyping it. Eventually, microformats will allow anyone to make the information they publish easily sharable and searchable (products, events, resume, etc.) without having to duplicate and maintain up-to-date their data in centralized databases.</blockquote>
 
== BenWest ==
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;">
A microformat is a specific collection of names, values, and accompanying structure defined through rigorous market research intended to consider pervasive use of semantic html that increases data fidelity in HTML-borne data widely distributed on the web.
 
Microformats are more than one of these, eg "hcard and hcal are microformats."
</blockquote>
 
== DerrickPallas ==
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;">microformats are semantics with momentum, a codification of what everyone did anyway. They are what works, written down.</blockquote>
 
== Alessandro Martin ==
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;">
Microformats are frames for your contents. Using microformats you tell, in a way both humans and machines can understand, what is the basic meaning of what you are writing in a web document. 
</blockquote>
 
written by [http://www.thinkpragmatic.net Alessandro Martin].
 
== Alan Hogan ==
<blockquote>
<p style="font-size:larger;">Microformats are a guarantee that anyone who wants to can grab certain types of data from your website without worrying much that a site redesign will require the to build a whole new parser.</p>
 
<p style="font-size:larger;">Microformats is to people and comptuers what Java is to operating systems.  Java programs are written once and run on Mac, Windows, Linux, Solaris, etc. Microformats-enabled web pages are written once and are understandable by both humans and computers.</p>
</blockquote>
 
written by [http://alanhogan.com/ Alan Hogan].


== Guillaume Lebleu ==
==Hugh Macleod==
 
[http://flickr.com/photos/tantek/1385900792 http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1276/1385900792_0769162b18.jpg]
 
2007 September by [http://gapingvoid.com Hugh Macleod].
 
== Toby Inkster ==
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;">You know all that stuff you already have on your website? Microformats tell computers what that stuff is.
</blockquote>
 
== Asa Berdahl ==
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;">microformats are a set of rules that utilize present technology to make it not only more easily interactive, but human-friendly as well. microformats uses long standing practices of good web design techniques combined with simple changes in coding to make content far more than just plain text.</blockquote>


<blockquote style="font-size:larger;font-style:italic">Microformats are simple standardized annotations of content available on the Web that provide a practical solution today to more productive and decentralized Web-based information search and sharing. </blockquote>
written by Asa Berdahl.


<blockquote style="font-size:larger;font-style:italic">In other words, Microformats allow you today to copy/paste information from a Web page, for instance someone's contact information from their blog to your address book, instead of manually retyping it. Eventually, microformats will allow anyone to make the information they publish easily sharable and searchable (products, events, resume, etc.) without having to duplicate and maintain up-to-date their data in centralized databases.</blockquote>
== Yuval Ararat ==
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;">Microformats are the incarnation of Semantic Web in the XHTML standard, they make text surrounded by markup relevant to its meaning and not its markup. The standardization effort that is collected here is the embodiment of the new Web 3.0.</blockquote>


== Add Yours Here ==
written by Yuval Ararat.


<blockquote style="font-size:larger;">microformats are...</blockquote>
== Sugandh Sarkar ==
<blockquote style="font-size:larger;">Microformats are helpful in creating rich snippets for websites, by virtue of this search engines can pull reviews and also people's data enabling readers to see useful information.
</blockquote>


written by You.
[http://www.binaryoptiondemoaccounts.com Sugandh Sarkar]


== See Also ==
== See Also ==
* [[what-can-you-do-with-microformats]]
* [[what-can-you-do-with-microformats]]
* [[faq]]
* [[faq]]
* [[definition-feedback]]


== Translation ==
== Translation ==
* [[what-are-microformats-fr|c'est quoi les microformats]] (fr)
* [[what-are-microformats-fr|c'est quoi les microformats]] (fr)

Latest revision as of 16:35, 18 July 2020


Microformats are small patterns of HTML to represent commonly published things like people, events, blog posts, reviews and tags in web pages.

Microformats are the quickest & simplest way to provide an API to the information on your website. See what else you can do with microformats.

First time visitors, see also the introduction page.

Launch Definition

The original definition on the home page said:

Designed for humans first and machines second, microformats are a set of simple, open data formats built upon existing and widely adopted standards.

originally written by Dan Cederholm with help from Tantek Çelik for the launch of microformats.org on June 20th, 2005.

From The Mailing List

Microformats are simple conventions for embedding semantics in HTML to enable decentralized development.

from someone on the microformats-discuss mailing list. Please link/cite if you know the origin of this.

More Specifically From The Mailing List

One popular definition from our mailing list (see also: mailing-lists) is "simple conventions for embedding semantics in HTML to enable decentralized development." More precisely, microformats can be defined as:

simple conventions
for embedding semantic markup
for a specific problem domain
in human-readable (X)HTML/XML documents, Atom/RSS feeds, and "plain" XML
that normalize existing content usage patterns
using brief, descriptive class names
often based on existing interoperable standards
to enable decentralized development
of resources, tools, and services

http://microformats.org/discuss/mail/microformats-discuss/2005-September/000922.html by Dr. Ernie Prabhakar

"Or do you just use your browser to browse? That's so 20th century." -- Mark Pilgrim

Chris Messina

Microformats are simple codes that you can use to identify specific kinds of data, like people or events, in your webpages.

Tantek Çelik

Microformats are the way to publish and share information on the web with higher fidelity.

For example, if a company wanted their contact information to be easily found and shared, they would publish it with hCard. Similarly if an organization is planning a series of events and wants more people to know about them and add them to their calendars, then they would publish their events listing with hCalendar. For advocacy groups, whenever they take a position on some political leader, some piece of legislation etc., if they wanted their evaluations/reviews/ratings of those people/laws to be more easily found and passed around, they would publish such opinions with hReview. For all of these, to make it easier, publishers can use tools and services that support microformats.

The key here is that microformats are simple/easy enough that the any organizations own web authors/designers can easily add them in themselves. Adding microformats is easier than publishing an RSS feed for example. You don't have to be a programmer. Anyone with decent (X)HTML+CSS authoring/writing skills can use microformats. Pretty much anyone who is literate can be taught how to author HTML+CSS, and thus microformats makes use of very widely available skill sets.

From an IRC conversation 2006-06-06 which helped "knowprose" grok microformats. Update 2006-06-07: knowprose's blog post Making Sense of Microformats: Have Data, Will Find It.


microformats are carefully designed (X)HTML class names that extend the semantics of (X)HTML and enable authors to publish higher semantic fidelity content such as people, events, reviews, etc.

From an IRC conversation 2006-07-28 with tcaspers on irc.freenode.net/#wasp.


a microformat is way of adding more meaning to web pages beyond normal HTML headings and paragraphs, so you can indicate mentions of people, companies, events, reviews, tags, etc.

From an instant message conversation 2007-07-06.

Drew McLellan

Microformats are a way of attaching extra meaning to the information published on a web page. This extra semantic richness works alongside the information already presented, and can be used for the benefit of people and computers. This is mostly done through adding special pre-defined names to the class attribute of existing XHTML markup.

from an IRC conversation

Aaron Gustafson

Simply put: "Microformats are a codification of convention." -- Aaron Gustafson


Alok Jain

microformats are evolving frameworks for how to present commonly used data items. For e.g. hCard microformat provides framework to capture a person's details First, middle, last name,company, contact info etc.

In my view this is doing two things:

  • a Bringing some amount of standardization to commonly used data sets, which can lead to several benefits towards data retreival
  • a Bringing an implicit meta data structure which again can be used to fetch informaiton at more granular level. SO in above example one could fetch just the company name, even thought there is not meta data around company name

Alok Jain

Dave Sanford

Chris asked me to contribute my 'definition,' although I refer to it as a distillation:

“Microformats are a way of identifying and labeling classes of commonly used data that make it easier for humans or computers to locate or distribute such information on websites.”

Andy Mabbett

Here's my re-write of the current opening blurb, from:

Designed for humans first and machines second, microformats are a set of simple, open data formats built upon existing and widely adopted standards.

to:

Microformats are a way of adding simple markup to human-readable data items such as events, contact details or locations, on web pages, so that the information in them can be extracted by software and indexed, searched for, saved, cross-referenced or combined.

Which can be followed by:

More technically, they are items of semantic markup, using just standard (X)HTML with a set of common class-names. They are open and available, freely, for anyone to use.

Principles:

  • Start with "Microformats are"
  • Mention web pages
  • Say what purpose microformats serve
  • Use plain language

Guillaume Lebleu

Microformats are simple standardized annotations of content available on the Web that provide a practical solution today to more productive and decentralized Web-based information search and sharing.

In other words, Microformats allow you today to copy/paste information from a Web page, for instance someone's contact information from their blog to your address book, instead of manually retyping it. Eventually, microformats will allow anyone to make the information they publish easily sharable and searchable (products, events, resume, etc.) without having to duplicate and maintain up-to-date their data in centralized databases.

BenWest

A microformat is a specific collection of names, values, and accompanying structure defined through rigorous market research intended to consider pervasive use of semantic html that increases data fidelity in HTML-borne data widely distributed on the web.

Microformats are more than one of these, eg "hcard and hcal are microformats."

DerrickPallas

microformats are semantics with momentum, a codification of what everyone did anyway. They are what works, written down.

Alessandro Martin

Microformats are frames for your contents. Using microformats you tell, in a way both humans and machines can understand, what is the basic meaning of what you are writing in a web document.

written by Alessandro Martin.

Alan Hogan

Microformats are a guarantee that anyone who wants to can grab certain types of data from your website without worrying much that a site redesign will require the to build a whole new parser.

Microformats is to people and comptuers what Java is to operating systems. Java programs are written once and run on Mac, Windows, Linux, Solaris, etc. Microformats-enabled web pages are written once and are understandable by both humans and computers.

written by Alan Hogan.

Hugh Macleod

1385900792_0769162b18.jpg

2007 September by Hugh Macleod.

Toby Inkster

You know all that stuff you already have on your website? Microformats tell computers what that stuff is.

Asa Berdahl

microformats are a set of rules that utilize present technology to make it not only more easily interactive, but human-friendly as well. microformats uses long standing practices of good web design techniques combined with simple changes in coding to make content far more than just plain text.

written by Asa Berdahl.

Yuval Ararat

Microformats are the incarnation of Semantic Web in the XHTML standard, they make text surrounded by markup relevant to its meaning and not its markup. The standardization effort that is collected here is the embodiment of the new Web 3.0.

written by Yuval Ararat.

Sugandh Sarkar

Microformats are helpful in creating rich snippets for websites, by virtue of this search engines can pull reviews and also people's data enabling readers to see useful information.

Sugandh Sarkar

See Also

Translation